Personality Questions

Which psychologist is incorrectly matched with the theory? Freud-Psychoanalytic Rogers-Humanistic Maslow-Trait Bandura-Social-cognitive Cattell-Trait

Maslow-Trait

Humanistic psychologists may assess personality by

asking a person to compare their ideal self to their actual self

The way we explain negative and positive events is called

attribution

most widely used scientifically validated personality test is the

MMPI-2

Who of the following is considered the leading advocate of personality's social-cognitive approach?

Albert Bandura

Thom is 6. How would Sigmund Freud explain his resolving of his Oedipus complex?

He will develop a strong superego

A question on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) such as "I get angry sometimes" is included to determine what about the test-taker?

If the person is answering truth

Which of the following is an example of unconditional positive regard?

Mr. and Mrs. Prohaska, who have been married for 37 years, credit the success of their marriage to the fact that each has been able to accept the faults of the other without criticism

In Brad Bushman and Roy Baumeister's research, how did people with unrealistically high self-esteem react when they were criticized?

They become exceptionally aggressive

Which of the following is an example of an assessment likely to be used by a social-cognitive psychologist?

a student teacher is formally observed and evaluated in the classroom

factor analysis is the test-development strategy that

analyzes the most common defense mechanisms

Which of the following is best described along a continuum ranging from ruthless and suspicious to helpful and trusting?

agreeableness

What did Carl Jung call the shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history?

collective unconscious

Jayne refuses to cheat on the exam that many of her friends have shown her copies of. Jayne would rank high on the Big Five trait of

conscientiousness

Ella was an aggressive child in middle school. In high school, she is a successful three-sport athlete because she channels her aggression into sports. Freud would suggest that this is due to the defense mechanism of

displacement

Albert Bandura proposed the social-cognitive perspective, which

emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations

Critics of humanistic psychology have suggested that this theory fails to appreciate the reality of our human capacity for which of the following?

evil

Carly's therapist asks her to simply say what is on her mind rather than responding to specific questions or topics. Her therapist is making use of a technique known as

free association

A psychoanalytic psychologist might use the TAT and the Rorschach test in order to

gain insight about a person's unconscious mind

Someone from a collectivist culture is more likely to do what?

give priority to group goals

Which of the following theories offers a special focus on the potential for healthy personal growth?

humanistic

The Freudian concept of ego is best described as

operating on the reality principle

Which term describes questionnaires that cover a wide range of feelings and behaviors and are designed to assess sever traits?

personality inventories

Elaine's friends know that she should never be trusted with a secret, as she will tell everyone almost immediately. Elaine, however, complains that her friends can't be trusted. Elaine is making use of the defense mechanism of

projection

Children's TV viewing habits (part behavior) influence their viewing preferences (internal personal factor), which influence how television (environmental factor) affects their current behavior. What is this an example of?

reciprocal determinism

According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms buries threatening or upsetting events in the unconscious?

repression

What do we call the process of fulfilling our potential?

self-actualization

Maslow and Rogers would explain that adolescents who are struggling to form their identity are seeking to discover their

self-concept

Which term is defined as all the thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question, "Who am I?"

self-concept

Paola and Juliana went to a baseball game and were shown on the centerfield screen. Juliana was embarrassed, because she had mustard on her face from her hotdogs. In reality, no one in the crowd noticed the mustard. Juliana was overestimating how much attention people were paying to her due to the

spotlight effect

Athletes who often privately credit their victories to their own abilities, and their losses to bad breaks, lousy officiating, or the other team's exceptional performance, are exhibiting which psychological concept?

the self-serving bias

Which of the following is the best term or phrase for a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act?

trait

Carl Rogers felt that we are our best selves when we feel accepted for who we are. What did he call this accepting attitude?

unconditional positive regard