pharm
Cephalosporins may have interactions when administered with which of the following?
General anesthetics or neuromuscular blocking agents, antiemetics, and ototoxic drugs Alcohol and loop diuretics
Side effects of the penicillins MORE LIKELY include which of the following signs and/or symptoms
Ototoxicity Hypersensitivity reactions and superinfections
Omeprazole and cimetidine should be avoided in some older patients due to which of the following
They inhibit liver enzymes from breaking down long-acting benzodiazepines.
Side effects of the anxiolytic buspirone (Buspar) may include
dizziness, drowsiness, headache, and GI effects
The mechanism of action of phenothiazine antipsychotics involves
dopamine receptor blockade
Chemicals produced within the brain as a reaction to severe pain or intense exercise are
endorphins
Patients who require frequent or long-term use of opioids for pain management always become addicted to them.
false
Prescribing of medications is the third leading intervention experienced by older adult patients.
false
Severe side effects are usually rare when administering amphotericin B.
false
Tricyclic antidepressants are the drug of choice for depression in patients recovering from myocardial infarction.
false
An antipyretic is used to treat
fever
Metabolism is primarily affected by which organ/system?
hepatic
Side effects of the cephalosporins MOST LIKELY include
hypersensitivity and blood dyscrasias nephrotoxicity, blurred vision, rash, or urticaria
An interaction with sulfonamides may result in
inactivation of effectiveness when give with preparations containing Fe, Mg, Na, and Ca potentiation of oral anticoagulants and oral antidiabetic agents
Side effects of tricyclics may include
increased appetite and weight gain, postural hypotension, and cardiac arrhythmia
Which of the following are potential side effects of NSAIDs in older adults?
increased cardiovascular risk
Absorption of medications may be affected by which of the following?
all
Side effects of opioids can include
all
An increase of falls is seen in older adults taking which group of medications?
all of the above
Drugs that enhance analgesic effects of opioids and nonopioids, produce analgesia alone, or reduce the side effects of analgesics are referred to as
coanalgesics adjuvants
All of the following are bodily processes that affect drugs, EXCEPT
cognition
Side effects of vancomycin may include
colitis, rash, pruritis, and occasional anaphylaxis ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and pseudomembranous colitis
Physical adaptation of the body to a medication with resultant withdrawal symptoms following its abrupt discontinuation is
dependence
Side effects of acyclovir may include
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and colitis impaired renal function, lethargy, tremors, confusion, headache, rash, and photosensitivity
Side effects of the cephalosporins MOST LIKELY include
nephrotoxicity, blurred vision, rash, or urticaria hypersensitivity and blood dyscrasias.
Drug addiction is defined as __________.
physical dependence and withdrawal reaction with physiological effects
Interactions or side effects of tetracyclines more likely involve
potentiation of oral anticoagulants and antidiabetic agents decrease in absorption when given with antacids and laxatives
Considerations for patients who are receiving ribavirin include
preventing patient's exposure to pregnant or lactating patients
Side effects of metronidazole (Flagyl) may include
rash, pruritis, fever, and anaphylaxis abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, metallic taste, and dark urine
Excretion is the primary role of which organ/system?
renal
Side effects of the SSRIs may include _________
sexual dysfunction, anorexia, diarrhea, sweating, insomnia, anxiety, and dizziness dilated pupils with photophobia, nervousness, tachycardia, and cardiac arrhythmia
Fluconazole is one of the most widely prescribed antifungal agents.
true
One strategy for decreasing the incidence of developing a resistance is to utilize a combination of medications
true
Resistance to drugs may develop when they have been used too frequently
true
The CDC recommends an annual influenza vaccine for all children 6 months to 18 years.
true
Penicillins may cause potentiation of which of the following?
Benemid (probenecid) and Methotrexate
The use of the anti-tuberculin agent ethambutol might result in which of the following side effects
Hepatic toxicity and red-orange colored excretions\ Optic neuritis, dermatitis, pruritis, and joint pain
Side effects of the aminoglycosides MOST LIKELY include which of the following signs and/or symptoms?
Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity
Which of the following class of antibiotics is generally considered to be LEAST toxic?
Penicillins macrolides
Side effects of tramadol (Ultram) include
Similar list to opioids and possible seizures physical and/or emotional dependence
Requiring a larger dose of medication to achieve the same level of effect.
Tolerance
The most significant side effects associated with the use of ribavirin is
bluish mottling of skin on legs, edema, and visual disturbances respiratory complications, hypotension, and cardiac arrest
What aging processes affect the functionality of the liver?
decrease in blood flow to the liver
Distribution in older adults is affected by all of the following, EXCEPT
decreased renal function
Side effects of the aminoglycoside streptomycin can include
numbness, weakness of extremities, and red-orange colored excretions ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Side effects of the penicillins MORE LIKELY include which of the following signs and/or symptoms?
ototoxicity Hypersensitivity reactions and superinfections
A life-threatening interaction of quinolones may occur when administered with and
theophylline