pharm

Cephalosporins may have interactions when administered with which of the following?

General anesthetics or neuromuscular blocking agents, antiemetics, and ototoxic drugs Alcohol and loop diuretics

Side effects of the penicillins MORE LIKELY include which of the following signs and/or symptoms

Ototoxicity Hypersensitivity reactions and superinfections

Omeprazole and cimetidine should be avoided in some older patients due to which of the following

They inhibit liver enzymes from breaking down long-acting benzodiazepines.

Side effects of the anxiolytic buspirone (Buspar) may include

dizziness, drowsiness, headache, and GI effects

The mechanism of action of phenothiazine antipsychotics involves

dopamine receptor blockade

Chemicals produced within the brain as a reaction to severe pain or intense exercise are

endorphins

Patients who require frequent or long-term use of opioids for pain management always become addicted to them.

false

Prescribing of medications is the third leading intervention experienced by older adult patients.

false

Severe side effects are usually rare when administering amphotericin B.

false

Tricyclic antidepressants are the drug of choice for depression in patients recovering from myocardial infarction.

false

An antipyretic is used to treat

fever

Metabolism is primarily affected by which organ/system?

hepatic

Side effects of the cephalosporins MOST LIKELY include

hypersensitivity and blood dyscrasias nephrotoxicity, blurred vision, rash, or urticaria

An interaction with sulfonamides may result in

inactivation of effectiveness when give with preparations containing Fe, Mg, Na, and Ca potentiation of oral anticoagulants and oral antidiabetic agents

Side effects of tricyclics may include

increased appetite and weight gain, postural hypotension, and cardiac arrhythmia

Which of the following are potential side effects of NSAIDs in older adults?

increased cardiovascular risk

Absorption of medications may be affected by which of the following?

all

Side effects of opioids can include

all

An increase of falls is seen in older adults taking which group of medications?

all of the above

Drugs that enhance analgesic effects of opioids and nonopioids, produce analgesia alone, or reduce the side effects of analgesics are referred to as

coanalgesics adjuvants

All of the following are bodily processes that affect drugs, EXCEPT

cognition

Side effects of vancomycin may include

colitis, rash, pruritis, and occasional anaphylaxis ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and pseudomembranous colitis

Physical adaptation of the body to a medication with resultant withdrawal symptoms following its abrupt discontinuation is

dependence

Side effects of acyclovir may include

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and colitis impaired renal function, lethargy, tremors, confusion, headache, rash, and photosensitivity

Side effects of the cephalosporins MOST LIKELY include

nephrotoxicity, blurred vision, rash, or urticaria hypersensitivity and blood dyscrasias.

Drug addiction is defined as __________.

physical dependence and withdrawal reaction with physiological effects

Interactions or side effects of tetracyclines more likely involve

potentiation of oral anticoagulants and antidiabetic agents decrease in absorption when given with antacids and laxatives

Considerations for patients who are receiving ribavirin include

preventing patient's exposure to pregnant or lactating patients

Side effects of metronidazole (Flagyl) may include

rash, pruritis, fever, and anaphylaxis abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, metallic taste, and dark urine

Excretion is the primary role of which organ/system?

renal

Side effects of the SSRIs may include _________

sexual dysfunction, anorexia, diarrhea, sweating, insomnia, anxiety, and dizziness dilated pupils with photophobia, nervousness, tachycardia, and cardiac arrhythmia

Fluconazole is one of the most widely prescribed antifungal agents.

true

One strategy for decreasing the incidence of developing a resistance is to utilize a combination of medications

true

Resistance to drugs may develop when they have been used too frequently

true

The CDC recommends an annual influenza vaccine for all children 6 months to 18 years.

true

Penicillins may cause potentiation of which of the following?

Benemid (probenecid) and Methotrexate

The use of the anti-tuberculin agent ethambutol might result in which of the following side effects

Hepatic toxicity and red-orange colored excretions\ Optic neuritis, dermatitis, pruritis, and joint pain

Side effects of the aminoglycosides MOST LIKELY include which of the following signs and/or symptoms?

Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity

Which of the following class of antibiotics is generally considered to be LEAST toxic?

Penicillins macrolides

Side effects of tramadol (Ultram) include

Similar list to opioids and possible seizures physical and/or emotional dependence

Requiring a larger dose of medication to achieve the same level of effect.

Tolerance

The most significant side effects associated with the use of ribavirin is

bluish mottling of skin on legs, edema, and visual disturbances respiratory complications, hypotension, and cardiac arrest

What aging processes affect the functionality of the liver?

decrease in blood flow to the liver

Distribution in older adults is affected by all of the following, EXCEPT

decreased renal function

Side effects of the aminoglycoside streptomycin can include

numbness, weakness of extremities, and red-orange colored excretions ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

Side effects of the penicillins MORE LIKELY include which of the following signs and/or symptoms?

ototoxicity Hypersensitivity reactions and superinfections

A life-threatening interaction of quinolones may occur when administered with and

theophylline