Pharm exam 2 Evolve chap 50 cholesterol

The nurse understands that cholesterol is carried through the blood by lipoproteins. Which lipoprotein is most closely associated with coronary atherosclerosis? A)Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) B)Apolipoprotein B-100 C)Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) D)High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

C

3. Which drug is the most effective for lowering LDL cholesterol? A) Atorvastatin [Lipitor] B) Cholestyramine [Questran] C) Gemfibrozil [Lopid] D) Ezetimibe [Zetia]

A

8.ID: 18690006091 Which discharge instructions should the nurse include for a patient prescribed cholestyramine [Questran]? A)Mix the drug with water or juice. B)Take with all other morning medications. C)Take 325 mg of aspirin 30 minutes before each dose. D)Notify the healthcare provider if upper abdominal discomfort occurs.

A

9. Which are beneficial effects that can be derived from simvastatin [Zocor] and other drugs in this class? (Select all that apply.) A)Reduction of LDLs B)Elevation of HDLs C)Stabilization of the plaque in coronary arteries D)Reduction of risk of cardiovascular events E)Improvement of liver function

A, B, C, D

10.ID: 18690006076 The healthcare provider prescribes lovastatin [Mevacor] for a patient discharged from the hospital post-myocardial infarction. Which instructions are most appropriate for the nurse to include in the patient's teaching plan? (Select all that apply.) A)"Do not start any new medications without first talking to your healthcare provider." B)"Before starting this medication a blood test will be done to check your total cholesterol level and to measure liver enzymes." C)"Take your medication in the morning, with a full glass of water for best results." D)"Take one 325-mg aspirin 30 minutes before your dose to lessen the problem of flushing and itching that can occur with this drug." E)"Lower the total fat and saturated fat in your diet by increasing your intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and whole grains."

A, B, E

6. The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed a cholesterol-lowering drug. Which drug is least likely to cause systemic side effects? A)Simvastatin [Zocor] B)Colesevelam [Welchol] Correct C)Nicotinic acid [Niaspan] Incorrect D)Gemfibrozil [Lopid]

B

1. The nurse is teaching a group of patients about dietary approaches to reduce cholesterol levels. Which statement is most important to include in the teaching? A) "Lower your cholesterol to 300 mg/day." B)"Eliminate red meat and pork from your diet." C)"Read food labels and reduce your intake of saturated fats." D)"Reduce salt consumption to keep your sodium intake to 2400 mg/day."

C

5.ID: 18690006074 A patient with an elevated triglyceride level is prescribed a sustained-release form of nicotinic acid [Slo-Niacin]. Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor for in this patient? A)Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) B)Complete blood count (CBC) C)Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) Correct D)Creatine kinase (CK)

C

4. A patient with cardiovascular disease is taking rosuvastatin [Crestor]. The nurse is monitoring for potential adverse effects. Which finding indicates a potential adverse effect of this drug? A)Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg B)Wheezing and shortness of breath C)Platelet count of 100 × 103/mm3 D)Muscle pain and tenderness

D

7. The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed gemfibrozil [Lopid]. For which patient should the nurse question the use of this drug? A)A patient with cardiovascular disease and elevated triglycerides B)A patient with elevated very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels C)A patient with elevated triglycerides who has not responded to dietary changes D)A patient with history of gallstones and elevated triglycerides

D