Pharm Exam 4
Which drug is the most effective for lowering LDL cholesterol? Cholestyramine [Questran] Atorvastatin [Lipitor] Gemfibrozil [Lopid] Ezetimibe [Zetia]
Atorvastatin [Lipitor]
A nurse is reviewing the lab results of a client who has liver failure with ascites and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Decreased sodium level Decreased phosphate level Decreased potassium level Decreased chloride level
Decreased sodium level
Which are the main types of drugs used to prevent or relieve anginal pain? (Select all that apply.) A. Calcium channel blockers B. Statins C. Nitrates D.Platelet inhibitors E. Beta blockers
A,C,E
A female patient with essential hypertension is being treated with hydralazine 25 mg twice daily. The nurse assesses the patient and notes a heart rate of 120 beats/min and a blood pressure of 110/72 mm Hg. The nurse will: A. Request an order for a beta blocker B. Request for the dose to be reduced C. Administer a drug that dilates veins. D. Request an order for a diuretic
A
Mr. C is a 68 year old female with chronic stable angina. She is started on sublingual nitroglycerin for her episodes of chest pain. What is important to include in Mr.C's education about sublingual nitro? A. "You may experience a headache when taking this medication" B. "Call 911 after taking 1 dose for chest pain" C. "You may remove the medication from the light sensitive container" D. "Nitro constricts the blood vessels so more oxygen can reach the heart"
A
The nurse is teaching a patient with essential hypertension who has a new prescription for verapamil [Calan]. Which statements by the patient indicate that the teaching was effective? (Select all that apply.) A. "I will call my healthcare provider if I notice swelling in my ankles." B. "I will increase my intake of fluid and foods high in fiber." C."I need to avoid salt substitutes and potassium supplements." D. "I may notice easy bruising and bleeding with this drug." E. "I should stay out of direct sunlight to prevent exposing my skin to the sun."
A,B
Mr. B is started on digoxin his heart failure. Which of the below symptoms would concern the nurse of Digoxin toxicity (select all that apply). A. Nausea B. Vomiting C. Seeing halos around lights D. Constipation E. Digoxin level is 1.5
A,B,C
Which are beneficial effects that can be derived from simvastatin [Zocor] and other drugs in this class? (Select all that apply.) A. Elevation of HDLs B. Reduction of LDLs C. Reduction of risk of cardiovascular events D. Stabilization of the plaque in coronary arteries E. Improvement of liver function
A,B,C,D
A Nursing student is studying for their upcoming pharmacology exam on cardiology medicine and asks what are the most important things to know about HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors. The nursing student is correct when they say (select all that apply): A. They help lower LDL cholesterol B. The help raise HDL cholesterol C. Most of them end in -sartan D. They reduce the risk for cardiovascular events
A,B,D
Mr. B is 40 years old and in the cardiac clinic for follow-up of his heart failure. He is short of breath when walking into the room and the nurse notes 2+ lower extremity edema. He states, "I skip my medications when I am out for the day because I have to go to the bathroom too much." Mr. B is started on an IV lasix drip. Which of the following nursing interventions assists in maximizing the therapeutic effect of lasix? (select all that apply) A. Maintaining strict intake and output B. Obtaining a daily weight C. Liberalizing salt restriction D. Placing a commode or urinal at the bedside
A,B,D
The nurse is reviewing Mr.C's current medicine list. Which of the following would alert the nurse of a contraindication with Nitroglycerin (select all that apply). A. Uses Sildenafil three times a week B. History of aortic stenosis C. Recent DVT on Lovenox D. History of chronic low blood pressure
A,B,D
The nurse understands patients receiving nitroglycerin are at risk for which adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) A. Dizziness B. Tachycardia C. Wheezing D. Bradycardia E. Headache
A,B,E
Which patient symptoms should cause the nurse to be concerned about digoxin [Lanoxin] toxicity? (Select all that apply.) A. Blurred vision B. Vomiting C. Muscle weakness D. Dizziness E. Fatigue
A,B,E
A nurse is exploring why a patient on lisinopril has high potassium. She ask the patient what he has taken recently for medications. Which of the below medications could cause high potassium with lisinopril? (select all that apply). A. Spironolactone B. Metoprolol C. Potassium supplements D. Atorvastatin
A,C
Which medications should be used with caution in a hypertensive diabetic patient? (Select all that apply.) A. Metoprolol [Lopressor] B. Diltiazem [Cardizem] C. Furosemide [Lasix] D. Hydrochlorothiazide [HCTZ] E. Enalapril [Vasotec]
A,C,D
A patient is being discharged from the hospital on warfarin [Coumadin] for deep vein thrombosis prevention. Which instructions should the nurse include in the patient's discharge teaching plan? (Select all that apply.) A. Wear a medical alert bracelet. B. Enteric-coated aspirin and any aspirin products can be used unless they cause a gastrointestinal ulcer. C. Do not start any new medication without first talking to your healthcare provider. D. No laboratory or home monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) is required after the first 6 months. E. Check all urine and stool for discoloration.
A,C,E
The nurse is teaching a patient prescribed captopril [Capoten] for the treatment of hypertension. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. Report difficulty in breathing immediately. B. Expect a sore throat and fever. C. Avoid potassium salt substitutes. D. Take the medication with food. E. A persistent dry cough may occur.
A,C,E
A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis and has been on heparin continuous infusion for 5 days. The provider prescribes warfarin PO without. discontinuing the heparin. The client asks the nurse why both. anticoagulants are necessary. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. "I can walk a mile a day." B. "I've had a backache for several days." C. "I am urinating more frequently." D. "I feel nauseated and have no appetite."
A.
A nurse is preparing to administer an osmotic diuretic IV to a client with increased ICP. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the purpose of the medication? A. Reduce edema of the brain. B. Provide fluid hydration. C. Increase cell size in the brain. D. Expand extracellular fluid volume.
A.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new Rx for captopril. What should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Monitor for a cough. B. Hold medication for heart rate less than 60/min. C. Take this medication with food. D. Avoid grapefruit juice.
A.
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking simvastatin daily. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will avoid drinking grapefruit juice." B. "I should take this medication without food." C. "I should expect my stools to turn clay-colored." D. "It is not necessary to have routine lab tests done."
A.
A nurse is teaching a client with a history of diabetes on insulin who has a new prescription for colesevelam to lower his low-density lipoprotein level. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "monitor your blood sugar carefully, because colesevelam can cause hypoglycemia." B. "Reduce fluid intake." C. "Take this medication on an empty stomach." D. "Chew tablets before swallowing."
A.
A patient with cardiovascular disease is taking rosuvastatin [Crestor]. The nurse is monitoring for potential adverse effects. Which finding indicates a potential adverse effect of this drug? A. Muscle pain and tenderness B. Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg C. Wheezing and shortness of breath D. Platelet count of 100 × 103/mm3
A.
A patient with hypertensive emergency is admitted to the hospital. Which medication should the nurse be prepared to administer to this patient? A. Sodium nitroprusside [Nipride] B. Hydralazine [Apresoline] C. Hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate [BiDil] D. Minoxidil [Loniten]
A.
Amiodarone [Cordarone] is prescribed for a patient with atrial fibrillation. What is the most important nursing intervention before administering this medication? A. Obtain baseline serum thyroid and liver function studies. B. Explain a dermatologic evaluation is needed. C. Maintain NPO for transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). D. Document an ophthalmic examination was performed.
A.
An adult male patient is taking medication for blood pressure management. The patient states to the nurse, "I'm not going to take these drugs anymore, because they are interfering with my sex life." What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. "Let's discuss this effect with your prescriber. There are other drugs available to manage your blood pressure that may not have the same adverse effect." B. "It is unfortunate these drugs can cause erectile dysfunction but managing your blood pressure is more important than your sexual performance." C. "I am glad you told me about your experience with this common side effect. Sexual performance can be a difficult subject to discuss." D. "I understand how discouraging it must be to live with this adverse effect, but you could have a stroke if you do not take your blood pressure medications."
A.
The nurse is administering intravenous lidocaine [Xylocaine] to a patient with a ventricular dysrhythmia. What is the priority nursing intervention to prevent a potential complication with this drug? A. Monitor the electrocardiogram (ECG). B. Keep naloxone [Narcan] at the bedside. C. Obtain a complete blood count. D. Instruct to report any chest pain.
A.
The nurse is teaching a patient about the side effects associated with doxazosin [Cardura]. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the nurse's instructions? A. "When getting out of bed in the morning, I will sit on the side of the bed for several minutes before standing." B. "I'll notify the healthcare provider if I develop a persistent cough." C. "I'll make sure I include extra sources of potassium in my diet, such as bananas and baked potatoes." D. "I may experience an increase in hair growth as a side effect."
A.
What is the primary benefit of spironolactone [Aldactone] in patients with heart failure? A. Blockage of aldosterone receptors B. Inhibition of beta activation by norepinephrine C. Stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system D. Increase in diuresis and fluid loss
A.
Which classes of medications are prescribed as initial therapy for hypertension after a myocardial infarction (MI)? A. Beta blocker and ACE inhibitor B. Diuretic and beta blocker C. Diuretic and calcium channel blocker D. ACE inhibitor and calcium channel blocker
A.
A nurse is caring for a client with HTN and asks the nurse about a Rx for propranolol. The nurse should inform the client that this med is contraindicated in clients with a Hx of ________. Asthma Glaucoma Depression Migraines
Asthma
A nurse is assessing a older adult client who is receiving digoxin. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity? Anorexia Ataxia Photosensitivity Jaundice
Anorexia
A nurse is caring for a client who just started an angiotensin receptor blocker. Which of the below statements requires immediate intervention from the nurse. A. "I had tongue swelling when I was on lisinopril" B. "I am trying to get pregnant with my first baby" C. "Sometimes I like to have a glass of wine at night" D. "I am taking an antibiotic because my cat winnie bit me"
B
A nurse is preparing to administer verapamil by IV bolus to a client who is having cardiac dysrhythmias. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor when giving this medication? A. Temperature is 96.5F B. Blood pressure is 80/40 C. Patient complains of ringing in the ears D. Patient complains of muscle pain
B
A Nursing student is studying for their upcoming pharmacology exam on cardiology medicine and asks what are the most important things to know about angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The nursing student is correct when they say (select all that apply) A. All ACE inhibitors end in -sartan B. Ace inhibitors promote accumulation of bradykinin in the lung C. Patients should stop their diuretic medicine for a few days before beginning on an ace inhibitor D. Patients should take potassium supplements every day with their ACE inhibitor
B,C
A nursing student is studying for the upcoming pharmacology exam and comes to professor McDonald for help on calcium channel blockers. Which of the following statements should professor McDonald correct (select all that apply). A. Calcium channel blockers consist of nondihydropyridines and dihydropyridines B. Nifedipine is the dihydropyridine that is most helpful in treating dysthymia C. All calcium channel blockers end in -pril except for verapamil and diltiazem D. Patients receiving IV verapamil should be taken off continuous ECG monitoring
B,C,D
A patient is taking warfarin for afib. Which of the below patient concerns should alert the nurse: (select all that apply) A. "I feel more cold at night so I sleep with more blankets" B. "I have noticed that my stool looks dark" C. "I fell last night and bumped my head" D. "My left ankle looks larger than my right ankle"
B,C,D
What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient prescribed amiodarone [Cordarone]? (Select all that apply.) A. "Take amiodarone with grapefruit juice." B. "Check your pulse daily and report excessive slowing to your healthcare provider immediately." C. "Wear sunblock and protective clothing when you are outdoors." D. "Immediately notify your healthcare provider of shortness of breath, cough, or chest pain." E. "Take the medication on an empty stomach."
B,C,D
A patient is prescribed hydralazine [Apresoline] for the treatment of essential hypertension. Which expected adverse effects should the nurse discuss with the patient? (Select all that apply.) A. Nausea B. Headache C. Fatigue D. Joint pain E. Dizziness
B,C,E
Mr. E is a 48 year old male with a history of hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. He presented to the ED with chest pain after getting off a 12 hour plane flight. His EKG showed ST elevations in 3 different leads and he was rushed to the cath lab. He received a successful coronary stent and is started on warfarin. Which of the following information is important to tell the Mr. E at discharge (select all that apply). A. Stay away from leafy green vegetables that contain dietary vitamin K B. Use a soft bristle toothbrush and electric razor to minimize bleeding C. Report loose stools immediately to your doctor D. Stopping this medication can increase the risk of heart attack
B,D
A nurse at a provider's office receives a phone call from a client who reports nausea and unrelieved chest pain after taking a nitroglycerin tablet 5 min ago. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse? A. Tell the client to take an antacid. B. Instruct the client to call 911. C. Tell the client to take another nitroglycerin tablet in 15 min. D. Advise the client to come to office.
B.
A nurse is caring for 4 clients. After administering morning meds, she realizes that the nifedipine Rx for one client was inadvertently administered to another client. Which of the following actions should the. nurse take first? A. Notify the client's provider. B. Check the client's vital signs. C. Fill out an occurrence form. D. Administer the medication to the correct client.
B.
Ms. J is started on lisinopril for hypertension. Which of the following laboratory results would require follow up from the nurse? A. Sodium: 135 mmol/L. B. Potassium: 5.0 mmol/L C. Calcium: 9.5 mg/dL D. Magnesium: 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL.
B.
Ms. L is being discharged from the acute care facility after admission for atrial fibrillation. "I really need to know about the amiodarone that I'm required to take. I have to take care of myself so that I can work and take care of my parents." Which of the following education points is most important to provide to Ms. L? A. Apply lotion everyday as amiodarone increases risk for rash B. Immediately report signs of itching, malaise, and jaundice, as amiodarone may cause liver injury C. Drink 1-2 liters of fluid a day as amiodarone causes dehydration D. Schedule regular cleanings with your dentist as amiodarone causes gum sensitivity
B.
The nurse has just administered the initial dose of enalapril [Vasotec] to a newly admitted patient with hypertension. What is the priority nursing intervention over the next several hours? A. Draw a potassium level. B. Monitor blood pressure. C. Auscultate lung sounds. D. Check the heart rate.
B.
The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed aliskiren [Tekturna]. How does this medication lower blood pressure? A. It prevents angiotensin II from binding to its receptors. B. It inhibits the conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin I. C. It selectively blocks aldosterone receptors in the kidneys. D. It blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
B.
The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed digoxin [Lanoxin] for heart failure. Which finding would require immediate attention by the nurse? A. Digoxin level of 0.7 ng/mL B. Vomiting and diarrhea C. Heart rate of 68 beats/min D. Potassium level of 3.7 mEq/L
B.
The nurse is caring for a patient with bipolar disorder treated with lithium [Eskalith]. The patient has a new prescription for captopril [Capoten] for hypertension. The combination of these two drugs makes which assessment particularly important? A. Potassium level B. Lithium level C. Creatinine level D. Blood pressure
B.
The nurse is evaluating the teaching done with a patient who has a new prescription for fosinopril [Monopril]. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I will call if I develop a bothersome cough." B. "I will use a salt substitute to lower my sodium intake." C. "I will call if I notice a rash or wheals on my skin." D. "I can take this medicine with breakfast each morning."
B.
The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving ranolazine [Ranexa] for angina. Which assessment finding indicates an adverse effect of this drug? A. Blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg B. QT prolongation on the electrocardiogram C. Frequent bloody stools D. Respiratory rate of 11 breaths per minute
B.
The nurse is preparing to administer a daily dose of digoxin [Lanoxin]. What is the priority nursing intervention? A. Check blood pressure. B. Analyze heart rate and rhythm. C. Palpate the pedal pulses. D. Assess for Homans' sign.
B.
The nurse is teaching a patient who has just been prescribed a vasodilator. Which statement by the patient indicates that the teaching was effective? A. "I can take this medication in the morning to reduce nighttime urination." B. "I will rise slowly when changing from a sitting to a standing position." C. "My heart rate may slow down with this drug. I will call if my pulse is below 60." D. "I need to increase my intake of fluids and foods that are high in fiber."
B.
The nurse knows that diuretics mostly affect which function of the kidneys? A. Maintenance of acid-base balance B. Cleansing and maintenance of extracellular fluid volume C.Excretion of metabolic waste D. Elimination of foreign substances
B.
The nurse plans to closely monitor for which clinical manifestation after administering furosemide [Lasix]? A.Decreased pulse B.Decreased blood pressure C.Decreased respiratory rate D.Decreased temperature
B.
What is the most appropriate nursing consideration for a patient who is prescribed verapamil [Calan] and digoxin [Lanoxin]? A. Hold the medications if the heart rate is greater than 110 beats/min. B. Notify the healthcare provider of nausea, vomiting, and visual changes. C. Take an apical pulse for 30 seconds before administration. D. Restrict intake of oral fluids and high-fiber food.
B.
The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient prescribed verapamil [Calan] SR 120 mg PO daily for essential hypertension. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the medication? A. "I will take the medication with grapefruit juice each morning." B. "I must make sure I swallow the pill whole." C. "I should expect occasional loose stools from this medication." D. "I'll need to reduce the amount of fiber in my diet."
B. "I must make sure I swallow the pill whole."
Calcium channel blockers work by reducing calcium influx into the cells of the heart and blood vessels. Calcium channels are coupled to which type of autonomic nervous system receptors? Beta2 Beta1 Alpha2 Alpha1
BETA 1
Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to obtain before administering hydralazine [Apresoline]? Peripheral pulses Capillary refill Blood pressure Homans' sign
BP
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements indicates the client is experiencing digoxin toxicity? A. "I am gaining weight." B."I am constipated." C. "My vision seems yellow." D. "My tongue is red and beefy."
C.
A nurse in a provider's clinic is assessing a client who takes sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina. The client reports a headache each time taking the med. What should the nurse say? A. "Take only one dose of nitroglycerin to reduce the risk of getting a headache." B. "There's nothing that can be done to relieve the headaches that nitroglycerin causes." C. "Try taking a mild analgesic to relieve the headache." D. "We will ask the provider to prescribe a different medication for you."
C.
A nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client. Which of the following. information should the nurse recognize prior to administering the med? A. The antidote for warfarin is protamine. B. The client's aPTT should be monitored. C. The client should be observed for manifestations of hemorrhage. D. Warfarin can be administered along with NSAIDS.
C.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has HTN and a new Rx for an oral diuretic. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? A. Weigh weekly to monitor therapeutic effect. B. Take the medication on an empty stomach. C. Take the medication early in the day. D. Muscle pain is an expected adverse effect.
C.
A patient with an elevated triglyceride level is prescribed a sustained-release form of nicotinic acid [Slo-Niacin]. Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor for in this patient? A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) B. Complete blood count (CBC) C. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) D. Creatine kinase (CK)
C.
A patient with deep vein thrombosis receiving an intravenous (IV) heparin infusion asks the nurse how this medication works. What is the nurse's best response? A. Heparin prevents the activation of vitamin K and thus blocks synthesis of some clotting factors. B. Heparin inhibits the enzyme responsible for platelet activation and aggregation within vessels. C. Heparin suppresses coagulation by helping antithrombin perform its natural functions. D. Heparin works by converting plasminogen to plasmin, which in turn dissolves the clot matrix.
C.
About which patient should the nurse notify the healthcare provider immediately? A. A patient who takes digoxin [Lanoxin] 0.25 mg orally daily with a serum potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L B. A patient who takes oral lisinopril [Zestril] 5 mg daily and digoxin 0.125 mg daily with a serum digoxin level of 0.5 ng/mL C. A patient who takes oral spironolactone [Aldactone] 25 mg daily and enalapril [Vasotec] 5 mg daily with a serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L D. A patient who takes digoxin [Lanoxin] 0.125 mg orally daily with a serum digoxin level of 0.8 ng/mL
C.
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving hydralazine [Apresoline]. The healthcare provider prescribes propranolol [Inderal]. The nurse knows that a drug such as propranolol often is combined with hydralazine for what purpose? A. To prevent heart failure B. To improve hypotensive effects C. To protect against reflex tachycardia D. To reduce the risk of headache
C.
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving nitrates for relief of angina. What pharmacodynamic action is responsible for the relief of anginal pain with nitrates? A. Influx of calcium ions leads to relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. B. Decreased force of contraction leads to decreased oxygen demand. C. Vasodilation leads to decreased preload, which decreases oxygen demand. E. Vasoconstriction leads to improved cardiac output.
C.
The nurse is caring for several patients. For which patient diagnosis would a prescription for nifedipine [Adalat] be least appropriate? A. Essential hypertension B. Angina pectoris C.Atrial fibrillation D. Vasospastic angina
C.
The nurse is preparing to administer an oral dose of digoxin [Lanoxin]. The apical pulse rate is 64. What nursing action is most appropriate? A. Assess for signs of digoxin toxicity. B. Notify the healthcare provider. C. Give the medication. D. Obtain a serum digoxin level.
C.
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient with a new prescription for a nitroglycerin transdermal patch. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I will not use Viagra as long as I am on nitroglycerin." B. "I will move slowly when changing positions." C."I will limit my alcohol to one drink per day." D. "I will remove my patch at bedtime each evening."
C.
The nurse is teaching a patient who has a new prescription for spironolactone [Aldactone]. Which statement by the patient indicates that the teaching was effective? A. "I will increase my intake of foods that are high in potassium." B. "I will use salt substitutes to lower my sodium intake." C. "I will call my doctor if I begin having menstrual irregularities." D. "I will take this medication at bedtime each evening."
C.
The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect after administering hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] and digoxin [Lanoxin] to a patient? A. Decreased diuretic effect B. Dehydration C. Digoxin toxicity D. Heart failure
C.
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in maintaining blood pressure. Which compound in this system is most powerful at raising the blood pressure? A. Renin B. Angiotensin III C. Angiotensin II D. Angiotensin I
C.
Which medication is most likely to cause the side effect of constipation? A. Nifedipine [Adalat] B. Isradipine [DynaCirc] C. Diltiazem [Cardizem] D. Amlodipine [Norvasc]
C.
The nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the lab results of a client who takes furosemide for HTN. The nurse notes that the Potassium level is 3.3. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications? Cardiac dysrhythmias Hypoglycemia Seizures Neurogenic shock
Cardiac dysrhythmias
The nurse is caring for a patient prescribed a cholesterol-lowering drug. Which drug is least likely to cause systemic side effects? Gemfibrozil [Lopid] Nicotinic acid [Niaspan] Simvastatin [Zocor] Colesevelam [Welchol]
Colesevelam [Welchol]
A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure and a Rx for digoxin. Which of the following statements indicates an adverse effect of the medication? A. "I can walk a mile a day." B. "I've had a backache for several days." C. "I am urinating more frequently." D. "I feel nauseated and have no appetite."
D.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new Rx for warfarin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "It's okay to have a couple of glasses of wine with dinner each evening." B. "I'll be sure to eat more foods with vitamin K." C. "I'll take aspirin for my headaches." D. "I'll use my electric razor for shaving."
D.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of hypertension. The nurse understands that which medication works by preventing angiotensin II from binding with its receptor sites? A. Eplerenone [Inspra] B. Quinapril [Accupril] C. Aliskiren [Tekturna] D. Candesartan [Atacand]
D.
A patient is prescribed lisinopril [Prinivil] 40 mg by mouth once a day for hypertension. For which therapeutic effect will the nurse monitor? A. Symptoms such as dizziness and fainting B. Slowing of the heart rate C. Pulse oximetry oxygen saturation of 100% D. Decrease in blood pressure
D.
A patient with angina is being discharged with a prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which instruction should the nurse include? A. "Effects of sublingual nitroglycerin begin in 5 to 10 minutes." B. "Sublingual nitroglycerin tablets are also effective when swallowed whole." C. "The tablets are only good for 1 month after the container is opened." D. "Store the tablets in the original container and tightly close it after use."
D.
The healthcare provider prescribes an intravenous dose of diltiazem [Cardizem] for treatment of a patient with atrial fibrillation. What is the priority nursing intervention? A. Assess for increased urinary output. B. Obtain baseline coagulation studies. C. Assist with cardioversion. D. Monitor electrocardiogram.
D.
The nurse caring for a patient taking furosemide [Lasix] is reviewing the patient's most recent laboratory results, which are: sodium, 136 mEq/L; potassium, 3.2 mEq/L; chloride, 100 mEq/L; blood urea nitrogen, 15 mg/dL. What is the nurse's best action? A. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor. B. Administer Lasix as ordered. C. Begin a 24-hour urine collection. D. Hold the Lasix and notify the physician.
D.
The nurse is caring for a patient who takes spironolactone [Aldactone] and quinapril [Accupril] for treatment of heart failure. What finding indicates a potential interaction between these two drugs? A. Heart rate of 58 beats/min B. Elevated serum quinapril level C. Glucose level of 180 mg/dL D. Potassium level of 5.7 mEq/L
D.
The nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who needs a diuretic. Which agent is likely to be chosen, because it has been shown to greatly reduce mortality in patients with heart failure? A.Mannitol [Osmitrol] B. Furosemide [Lasix] C. Hydrochlorothiazide [HydroDIURIL] D. Spironolactone [Aldactone]
D.
The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving a heparin infusion for the treatment of pulmonary embolism. Which assessment finding most likely relates to an adverse effect of heparin? A. Inspiratory wheezing B. Blood pressure of 160/88 mm Hg C. Heart rate of 60 beats/min D. Discolored urine
D.
The nurse reviews the medication treatment regimen for a patient with chronic hypertension. To promote optimal medication adherence, which frequency of drug dosing should the nurse advocate for this patient? A. Three times a day B. Every 8 hours C. Four times a day D. Once a day
D.
The nurse is reviewing the home medication list with the patient. The nurse recognizes that hydrochlorothiazide is used primarily for which condition? A. Edema B. Protection against postmenopausal osteoporosis C. Diabetes insipidus D. Hypertension
D. Hypertension
The nurse is caring for a patient who has diabetes and hypertension. Which medication is most likely to be prescribed to treat this patient's hypertension? Propranolol [Inderal] Methyldopa [Aldomet] Enalapril [Vasotec] Hydrochlorothiazide [HCTZ]
Enalapril [Vasotec]
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a new Rx for furosemide. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? Hypervolemia Hypertension Hypokalemia Hypoglycemia
Hypokalemia
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving clopidogrel [Plavix] to prevent blockage of coronary artery stents. Which other drug on the patient's medication administration record may reduce the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel? Omeprazole [Prilosec] Warfarin [Coumadin] Acetaminophen [Tylenol] Aspirin [Bayer]
Omeprazole [Prilosec]
A nurse is planning to administer digoxin to a client who has heart. failure. Which of the following lab results is the priority for the nurse to review prior to administering the med? Potassium Hemoglobin Creatinine Blood urea nitrogen
Potassium
A nurse is reviewing the lab results of a client who takes furosemide. Which of the following results should the nurse identify as a priority finding? Potassium 2.9 mEq/L Phosphorous 4.5 mEq/L Sodium 145 mEq/L Calcium 8.2 mg/dL
Potassium
A nurse is reviewing the serum lab findings for a client who has hypertension and is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which. of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? Sodium 136 mEq/L Potassium 2.3 mEq/L Chloride 99 mEq/L Calcium 10 mg/dL
Potassium
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient experiencing a new episode of hypertension. Which medication does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for this patient? Methyldopa [Aldomet] Captopril [Capoten] Valsartan [Diovan] Propranolol [Inderal]
Propranolol [Inderal]
A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving a continuous heparin infusion. Which of the following meds should the nurse have available to reverse heparin's effects? Vitamin K Protamine sulfate Acetylcysteine Deferasirox
Protamine sulfate
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving amiodarone [Cordarone]. Which body system should the nurse assess for serious adverse effects of this medication? Integumentary Musculoskeletal Gastrointestinal Respiratory
Respiratory
A nurse is providing instruction to a new nurse about caring for client's who are receiving diuretic therapy to treat heart failure. Which of the following meds puts clients at risk for both hyperkalemia and hyponatremia? Furosemide Hydrochlorothiazide Metolazone Spironolactone
Spironolactone
A nurse is caring for a client who is on warfarin therapy for afib. The client's INR is 5.2. Which of the following meds should the nurse prepare to administer? Epinephrine Atropine Protamine Vitamin K
Vitamin K
A nurse is assessing a client taking lisinopril to treat hypertension. Which of the following findings is a priority to report? Dry cough Swelling of the tongue Nausea Nasal congestion
swelling of the tongue
