PHARM - Respiratory System ATI / Kahoot / TicTacToe
LEUKOTRIENE INHIBITORS Report any increase in _________________ attacks or allergic symptoms to your healthcare provider.
- asthma
Throughout the week, a newly admitted resident to the rehabilitation center experiences shortness of breath and has a dry, hacking cough. These incidents seem to occur every 3 to 4 days. What is this?
- asthma
_________________ is a long-term condition of the airways that cause muscle constriction and inflammation of the airways and lungs. Symptoms are intermittent.
- asthma
Ipratropium and tiotropium What type of drug?
- cholinergic antagonists (anticholinergics)
Which of the following information indicates that a client who is taking theophylline needs further instruction? A. the client drives a school bus every day B. the client drinks 8oz of wine with dinner C. the client exercises 1 hr each day D. the client drinks two cups of coffee each morning
D. the client drinks two cups of coffee each morning
The beta2 receptor sites are found on what organ?
Lungs
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking prednisone for an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)." B. "Rinse your mouth after taking the medication to prevent a yeast infection." C. "Stop taking the medication if you become nauseous." D. "Change position slowly when standing up."
A. "Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)."
MUCOLYTIC AND ANTITUSSIVE DRUGS Do not take opioid antitussives with _________________ or any other drugs that slow the central nervous system because the side effects will be intensified.
- alcohol
_________________ occur when a person comes into contact with a substance to which he/she is sensitive and has an excessive reaction that leads to an inflammatory response/
- allergies
A client who is recovering from bilateral knee replacement receives a bouquet of fragrant, blooming flowers. She immediately starts sneezing and her eyes begin to run. What is this?
- allergy
Fluticasone and triamcinolone What type of drug?
- decongestants
ANTIHISTAMINES Avoid _________________ until you know how antihistamines affect you because they cause drowsiness in many clients.
- driving
BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS AND ANTICHOLINERGIC ANTAGONISTS To prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm, use your reliever bronchodilator inhaler 15 to 30 minutes before starting to _________________.
- exercise
MUCOLYTIC AND ANTITUSSIVE DRUGS Notify your healthcare provider if the cough is present with a high _________________, rash, or persistent headaches, or if the cough returns once it has been under control.
- fever
A nurse is teaching a client about the adverse effects of pseudoephedrine. Which of the following should the nurse include? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) A. restlessness B. bradycardia C. insomnia D. muscle pain E. anxiety
A. restlessness C. insomnia D. anxiety
A nurse is monitoring plasma drug levels in a client who is taking theophylline. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to see if the client's drug level indicates toxicity? A. seizures B. constipation C. normal sinus rhythm D. somnolence
A. seizures
You should advise a client who is using a beclomethasone oral inhaler to watch for which of the following possible indications of an adverse effect of this drug? A. white coating in the mouth B. abdominal pain C. muscle twitching D. palpitations
A. white coating in the mouth
A nurse is teaching a client about ipratropium. The nurse should include that this drug has which of the following adverse effects? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) A. muscle tremors B. urinary retention C. dry mouth D. insomnia E. tachycardia
B. urinary retention C. dry mouth
DECONGESTANTS Do not use sympathomimetic nasal spray for more than _________________ days because rebound stuffiness and congestion are likely to occur.
- 3-5
Your client seems to continually suffer from a chronic cough that produces clear, white, yellow or green sticky mucus, wheezing, and shortness of breath, and complains of chest tightness. What is this?
- COPD
_________________ is a progressive disease that obstructs air flow passages in the upper and lower airways. Constant inflammation produces large amounts of sticky mucus.
- COPD
What is the therapeutic blood range for the xanthines (aminophylline or theophylline)?
10-20 mcg
Which statement by a patient who has a prescription for nebulizer treatments needs further teaching? A. "I should keep medication in my nebulizer at all times." B. "I will seal my lips around the mouthpiece and take slow, deep breaths." C. "I should wash the mouthpiece with warm, soapy water each day." D. "I will store my nebulizer at room temperature."
A. "I should keep medication in my nebulizer at all times."
When teaching about two inhalations from an albuterol metered-dose inhaler, what does the nurse include? A. "I will hold my breath at least 10 seconds after inhaling the medication." B. "I will wait 10 min between each inhalation." C. "I will hold the inhaler with my non-dominant hand." D. "I will tilt my head forward while inhaling the medication."
A. "I will hold my breath at least 10 seconds after inhaling each medication."
You should instruct a client who is taking zileuton to report which of the following possible indications of a serious adverse effect of this drug? A. abdominal pain B. dysphagia C. blurred vision D. bradycardia
A. abdominal pain
Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate for a client who is having an acute asthma attack? A. albuterol via jet nebulizer B. budesonide via jet nebulizer C. oral montelukast D. cromolyn via nebulizer
A. albuterol via jet nebulizer
You should recognize that which of the following is a contraindication for taking codeine? A. emphysema B. cataracts C. hyperthyroidism D. nonproductive cough
A. emphysema
Antitussives A. relieve or suppress coughing B. can work by peripherally anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory tract C. capsules that are not swallowed whole can anesthetize the throat D. prevent mast cells and WBCs from releasing mediators of inflammation
A. relieve or suppress coughing B. can work by peripherally anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory tract C. capsules that are not swallowed whole can anesthetize the throat D. prevent mast cells and WBCs from releasing mediators of inflammation
The nurse should explain that expectorants treat coughs by which of the following mechanisms? A. stimulates secretions B. suppress the urge to cough C. reduces inflammation D. dries mucous membranes
A. stimulates secretions
A medication that competes with the histamine H1 receptor sites is called what?
Antihistamines
What class of medications should not be given to clients with a chronic or productive cough?
Antitussives
Name the most common reversible obstructive air disease.
Asthma
Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the child to use to abort an ongoing asthma attack? A. cromolyn B. albuterol C. montelukast D. fluticasone
B. albuterol
A nurse is teaching an adult client about diphenhydramine. The nurse should inform the client to expect which of the following adverse effects while taking this drug? A. muscle tremors B. drowsiness C. excitation D. insomnia
B. drowsiness --diphenhydramine is a
Legal restrictions apply to the purchase of pseudoephedrine because of which of the following risks? A. respiratory depression B. drug abuse C. drug tolerance D. rebound congestion
B. drug abuse
A nurse is caring for a patient with asthma and is taking fluticasone. Which adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? A. hypoglycemia B. oral candidasis C. polyuria D. hypertension
B. oral candidasis
What class of medications are beclomethasone (Beconase) and fluticasone (Flonase)?
Corticosteroids
You are obtaining a health history from a client who is to start using a new ipratropium inhaler. Which of the following information from the client's history alerts you to take further action? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) A. seizure disorder B. urinary retention C. depression treated with an MAOI D. hyperthyroidism treated with synthetic thyroid hormone E. glaucoma
B. urinary retention E. glaucoma
Which inhaler should be administered first: a corticosteroid or a bronchodilator?
Bronchodilator
Which of the following statements by a parent indicates an understanding of the teaching of montelukast chewable tablets? A. "I will give this medication at the start of an asthma attack." B. "This medication will take a few weeks to begin working." C. "I will have my child take this medication every evening." D. "I will make sure my child eats when taking this medication."
C. "I will have my child take this medication every evening."
A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty mobilizing thick respiratory secretions. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer to the client? A. ipratropium B. beclomethasone C. acetylcysteine D. azelastine
C. acetylcysteine
A nurse is teaching a client about using intranasal glucocorticoids. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give? A. start at a low dose and gradually increase it B. take the drug as needed for nasal congestion C. allow at least 2 weeks for the full therapeutic effect D. use the drug prior to exercise
C. allow at least 2 weeks for the full therapeutic effect
The nurse should instruct the patient to monitor for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of theophylline? A. drowsiness B. oliguria C. tachycardia D. constipation
C. tachycardia
What adverse effects do you monitor for when taking zileuton? A. tinnitus B. blurred vision C. diarrhea D. abdominal pain
D. abdominal pain
You are instructing a client who has a new prescription for cetirizine. Which of the following information should you be sure to include? A. restrict fluids to minimize the drug's adverse effects B. take the drug in the morning to reduce adverse effects C. take the drug on an empty stomach to increase absorption D. administer the drug prophylactically during allergy seasons
D. administer the drug prophylactically during allergy seasons
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to a patient taking salmeterol? A. you can take an extra dose of salmeterol if an asthma attack begins B. salmeterol is an anti-inflammatory medication that decreases mucous secretion C. once your symptoms have improved, you should discontinue use of this medication D. this medication will provide long-term control of your asthma symptoms
D. this medication will provide long-term control of your asthma symptoms
What 2 lung disorders make up what we classify as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis
What class of medications is Robitussin (guaifenesin)?
Expectorant or mucolytic
The beta1 receptor sites are found on what organ?
Heart
Decongestants are not recommended for clients with what chronic diseases? Name two.
Heart disease, hypertension, glaucoma, BPH
Name two side effects of oral corticosteroids.
Hyperglycemia, weight gain, fluid retention, hypertension, gastric ulcers
What is the #1 complication with using nasal decongestants?
Rebound congestion
Cetirizine (Zyrtec) and fexofenadine (Allegra) are two antihistamines used to treat what condition?
Seasonal allergies and allergic rhinitis
What is the #1 side effect of promethazine (Phenergan) and hydroxyzine (Vistaril), which are both antihistamines?
Sedation and drowsiness
What type of inhaler has a capsule inserted that is punctured to release a powder when the client inhales?
Spinhaler or Handihaler
- turn the device to the next dose of drug - never exhale into your inhaler - never shake your inhaler - never wash or place the inhaler in water - place your lips over the mouthpiece and breathe in forcefully (there is no propellant in the inhaler; only your breath pulls the drug in) - exhale fully away from the inhaler
TRUE ABOUT A DRY POWDER INHALER
- insert the mouthpiece of the inhaler into the non-mouthpiece end of the spacer - fully exhale and then place the mouthpiece into your mouth, over your tongue - breathe in slowly and deeply - remove the mouthpiece from your mouth; keeping your lips closed, hold your breath for at least 10 seconds and then breathe out slowly - wait at least 1 full minute between puffs - at least once a day, clean the case and cap of the inhaler
TRUE ABOUT A METERED-DOSE INHALER
Name two side effects of the sympathomimetic bronchodilators.
Tachycardia, hypertension, nausea, heart attack, dysrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia
Brompheniramine and fexofenadine What type of drug?
antihistamines
DECONGESTANTS Contact your healthcare provider is _________________ patches develop in the nose or mouth while taking corticosteroid nasal sprays.
- white
BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS AND ANTICHOLINERGIC ANTAGONISTS After using your inhaler, rinse your mouth with _________________ to decrease dry mouth and bad taste.
- water
MUCOLYTIC AND ANTITUSSIVE DRUGS Take the drug with at least one full glass of _________________.
- water
ANTIHISTAMINES Do not drink _________________ while taking antihistamines because the CNS depressant effects of antihistamines may be increased.
- alcohol
ANTIHISTAMINES Unless you must restrict your _________________ intake because of another health problem, drink extra fluids to help prevent respiratory tract dryness.
- fluid
DECONGESTANTS If you have _________________ or cataracts, check with your healthcare provider before using corticosteroid nasal sprays.
- glaucoma
MUCOLYTIC AND ANTITUSSIVE DRUGS Use a _________________ and drink at least 2 quarts of water daily while taking a mucolytic unless there is a medical reason for fluid restriction. These actions will help get the mucus out.
- humidifier
BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS AND ANTICHOLINERGIC ANTAGONISTS Contact your healthcare provider if bronchial _________________, dizziness, chest pain, insomnia, or any changes in symptoms occur.
- irritation
Montelukast and zafirlukast What type of drug?
- leukotriene inhibitors
Arformoterol and formoterol What type of drug?
- long-acting beta2 agonists (for asthma attacks)
Guaifenesin What type of drug?
- mucolytic
BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS AND ANTICHOLINERGIC ANTAGONISTS Drinking lots of fluid -- especially water -- makes the _________________ thinner and helps the drug work better.
- mucous
LEUKOTRIENE INHIBITORS Consider not taking these drugs if you are _________________ or breastfeeding.
- pregnant
Albuterol and levalbuterol What type of drug?
- short-acting beta2 agonist (for asthma attacks)
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for albuterol via inhaler and fluticasone via inhaler for asthma management. For which of the following reasons should the nurse instruct the client to use the albuterol inhaler before using the fluticasone inhaler? A. albuterol will increase the absorption of fluticasone B. albuterol will decrease inflammation C. albuterol will reduce nasal secretions D. fluticasone will reduce the adverse effects of albuterol
A. albuterol will increase the absorption of fluticasone
A nurse is preparing to administer phenylephrine to a client. The nurse should identify that which of the following manifestations is an adverse effect of this drug? A. headache B. sleepiness C. hypotension D. constipation
A. headache
How does albuterol help a patient with asthma to breathe? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) A. it helps to decrease coughing episodes B. the medication prevents wheezing C. it reduces inflammation D. the medication opens airways
A. it helps to decrease coughing episodes B. the medication prevents wheezing D. the medication opens airways
You should instruct a client using phenylephrine spray for nasal congestion to do which of the following to avoid rebound congestion? A. limit the drug's use to 3 to 5 days B. add an intranasal glucocorticoid C. taper the dose before discontinuation D. restrict the drug's use to one nostril at a time
A. limit the drug's use to 3 to 5 days
For which of the following reasons should a client attach a spacer to a metered-dose-inhaler? A. to increase the amount of drug delivered to the lungs B. to increase the amount of drug delivered to the oropharynx C. to increase the amount of drug delivered on exhalation D. to increase the speed of drug delivery into the mouth
A. to increase the amount of drug delivered to the lungs
Mucolytics A. shrink swollen nasal membranes B. may cause fungal infection in the nose or throat C. prevent bronchoconstriction in asthma D. decrease the thickness of respiratory secretions and aids in their removal
D. decreases the thickness of respiratory secretions and aids in their removal
You should monitor a client taking dextromethorphan because of the potential for which of the following? A. tachycardia B. fluid retention C. blurred vision D. drug abuse
D. drug abuse
A nurse is teaching a patient who has a new prescription for codeine. Which of the following information does the LPN include? A. limit alcohol intake to 12oz daily B. diarrhea is an expected adverse effect C. orthostatic hypotension is a side effect of this medication, so change positions slowly D. take on an empty stomach to prevent nausea
C. orthostatic hypotension is a side effect of this medication, so change positions slowly
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of antihistamines to treat allergic rhinitis. The nurse should explain that these drugs are effective because they perform which of the following actions? A. decreases viscosity of nasal secretions B. block H2 receptors C. prevent histamine from binding to receptors D. reduce nasal congestion
C. prevent histamine from binding to receptors
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking codeine. The nurse should identify that which of the following assessments is priority to make? A. blood pressure B. apical heart rate C. respirations D. level of consciousness (LOC)
C. respirations
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a mucolytic to treat a cough. The nurse should include that a mucolytic has which of the following therapeutic effects? A. suppresses the cough stimulus B. reduces inflammation C. thins and loosens mucus D. dries secretions
C. thins and loosens mucus
What adverse effects should the LPN teach the patient to report to their HCP when taking beclomethasone metered-dose inhaler (MDI)? A. tremors B. nausea C. white coating of the mouth D. dry mucous membranes
C. white coating of the mouth
What is a common narcotic medication used as an antitussive?
Codeine sulfate
For a child who is having an acute asthma attack, which of the following medications should the nurse administer first? A. methylprednisone B. montelukast C. fluticasone D. albuterol
D. albuterol
A nurse should recognize that using pseudoephedrine to treat allergic rhinitis requires cautious use with clients who have which of the following conditions? A. peptic ulcer disease (PUD) B. a seizure disorder C. anemia D. coronary artery disease
D. coronary artery disease
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for zileuton. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. check apical pulse before taking the drug B. take the drug only as needed before exercising C. rinse mouth after using the drug D. have laboratory tests performed at regular intervals
D. have laboratory tests performed at regular intervals
A nurse is teaching a client about albuterol. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following as an adverse effect of this drug? A. fever B. bruising C. polyuria D. palpitations
D. palpitations
ANTIHISTAMINES If the drug causes _________________ upset, take it with meals or milk to decrease this problem.
- gastric
Short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (SABAs) A. relax smooth muscles almost immediately B. effects wear off quickly C. common side effects include depression D. may cause tremors
A. relax smooth muscles almost immediately B. effects wear off quickly D. may cause tremors ***EMERGENCY USE ONLY***
A nurse should identify that dextromethorphan can have which of the following effects when combined with morphine? A. reduced antitussive effect of dextromethorphan B. potentiation of depression of CNS actions C. increased renal reabsorption of the dextromethorphan D. delayed analgesic effect of the opioid
B. potentiation of depression of CNS actions
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an expectorant to treat a cough. The nurse should include that an expectorant has which of the following therapeutic effects? A. suppresses the cough stimulus B. reduces surface tension C. reduces inflammation D. dries mucous membranes
B. reduces surface tension
Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) A. may cause rising intraocular pressure B. taken daily to prevent bronchospasms C. orally inhaled and bind to beta2-adrenergic receptors D. dry mouth and bad taste are common side effects
B. taken daily to prevent bronchospasms C. orally inhaled and bind to beta2-adrenergic receptors D. dry mouth and bad taste are common side effects ***EVERY-DAY USE ONLY***
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of beclomethasone to treat asthma. The nurse should explain that the drug has which of the following therapeutic effects? A. thins mucus B. relaxes bronchial smooth muscle C. decreases inflammation D. increases the cough threshold
C. decreases inflammation
Benzononate, promethazine, codeine What type of drug?
- antitussives
LEUKOTRIENE INHIBITORS Because these drugs are used to prevent (rather than stop) an _________________ attack or allergic response, do not suddenly stop the drugs or decrease the dose.
- asthma
Decongestants A. reduce the swelling of nasal passages B. used to relieve or suppress coughing C. overuse can cause insomnia D. use daily for extended periods of time
A. reduce the swelling of nasal passages C. overuse can cause insomnia
DECONGESTANTS If you have high blood pressure or heart problems, check with the pharmacist before using _________________ cold preparations because they may contain Tylenol.
- OTC
You are instructing a client about using cromolyn via inhalation to treat exercise-induced bronchospasm. You advise the client to take the drug... A. 15 mins before exercising B. if needed to stop bronchospasm C. after strenuous activity D. once in the evening at bedtime
A. 15 mins before exercising
Leukotriene inhibitors A. block histamines to prevent inflammation B. decrease the thickness of respiratory secretions and aid in their removal C. long-term use could lead to liver dysfunction D. used to reduce symptoms of allergies and asthma
D. used to reduce symptoms of allergies and asthma
Antihistamines A. could cause blindness B. increase air flow through the bronchial tubes C. reduce symptoms of sneezing, itching, and runny nose D. could cause increase blood pressure E. could cause slight nosebleed F. drowsiness is an expected side effect
A. could cause blindness C. reduce symptoms of sneezing, itching, and runny nose D. could cause increase blood pressure F. drowsiness is an expected side effect
Faith Delacroix is a 40-year-old woman who came to the clinic stating she has been having difficulty breathing with a dry, nonproductive cough. She states she has been wheezing and short of breath even while talking. She was diagnosed with asthma several years ago but is presently not being treated. After discussing her asthma with the healthcare provider, you decide Faith should be assessed to determine if she needs a bronchodilator. What would be included when assessing whether a patient with asthma needs a bronchodilator? A. is the client pregnant? B. does the client have a history of liver disease? C. take a baseline set of vital signs D. is the client breastfeeding? E. obtain a stool sample F. check for any history of hyperthyroidism, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma, seizures, or psychoneurotic disease G. MRI of the lungs H. history of any allergies I. list of other drugs the client takes in case they would interact with a bronchodilator
A. is the client pregnant? C. take a baseline set of vital signs D. is the client breastfeeding? F. check for any history of hyperthyroidism, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma, seizures, or psychoneurotic disease H. history of any allergies I. list of other drugs the client takes in case they would interact with a bronchodilator
Cholinergic antagonists A. orally inhaled controller drugs B. relax the muscles around the airway C. allow more of the body's own adrenalin to activate beta2 receptors D. may cause constipation
A. orally inhaled controller drugs B. relax the muscles around the airway C. allow more of the body's own adrenalin to activate beta2 receptors D. may cause constipation
For which of the following reasons should a nurse instruct a client to avoid taking guaifenesin with combination over-the-counter cold products? A. over-the-counter cold products can also contain guaifenesin B. blood glucose levels are increased C. rebound congestion is likely D. drug tolerance is likely
A. over-the-counter cold products can also contain guaifenesin
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning fluticasone propionate / salmeterol therapy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. take the drug as needed for acute asthma B. follow a low-sodium diet C. use an alternate-day dosing schedule D. increase weight bearing activity
D. increase weight-bearing activity
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of cromolyn sodium to prevent bronchospasms. The nurse should explain that the drug has which of the following therapeutic effects? A. increases leukocyte activity B. blocks muscarinic receptors C. causes bronchodilation D. reduces inflammation
D. reduces inflammation --cromolyn sodium is a
A nurse is teaching a client about ipratropium. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. do not drink anything for 30 min after using the drug B. wait 5 min between using the drug and another inhaled drug C. this drug is used to thin respiratory secretions D. check pulse rate after inhaling the drug
B. wait 5 min between using the drug and another inhaled drug
A nurse is teaching a client about montelukast. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. use a spacer to improve inhalation B. take the drug at the onset of bronchospasm C. rinse mouth to prevent an oral fungal infection D. take the drug once a day in the evening
D. take the drug once a day in the evening
Which of the following information should you include when teaching a client about the use of an albuterol inhaler for asthma management? A. use it every 12 hours B. use it periodically to prevent exercise-induced asthma C. store the drug canister in the refridgerator D. watch for an oral yeast infection
B. use is periodically to prevent exercise-induced asthma
