Pharmacology

A nurse is on a medical-surgical unit preparing to administer medications to a client. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask the client to verify the client's identity? A. "What is your name and date of birth?" B. "What is your room number and bed number?" C. "What is your doctor's name?" D. "What is your diagnosis?"

A. "What is your name and date of birth?"

A nurse is preparing to administer phenobarbital 3 mg/kg PO twice a day to a school-age child who weighs 44 lb. Available is phenobarbital elixir 20 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse plan to administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do NOT use a trailing zero.)

15 mL

A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin 1 g in 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride to infuse over 30 minutes. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do NOT use a trailing zero.)

50 gtt/min

A nurse is reviewing a client's medical hx before administering hydromorphone for postoperative pain. The nurse should notify the provider of which of the following findings before administering this medication? A. Benign prostatic hyperplasia B. hx of hypertension C. Rheumatoid arthritis D. Allergy to aspirin

A Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A nurse in a community health clinic is preparing to administer the varicella vaccine to a young female client who has not previously had chickenpox or its vaccine. The nurse should withhold the vaccine and collect additional data when the client makes which of the following statements? A. "I am allergic to neomycin." B. "I am taking antibiotics for my acne." C. "My irritable bowel syndrome has been acting up the last few days." D. "I have been taking an oral contraceptive for the last 6 months."

A. "I am allergic to neomycin."

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and is to start therapy risperidone. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor to determine whether the tx is effective? A. Improved social interactions B. Decreased obsessive-compulsive thoughts C. Decreased hand tremors D. Improved urinary control

A. Improved social interactions

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following manifestations as adverse effects of this medication? (Select all that apply.) A. Muscle Pain B. Fatigue C. Weight gain D. Constipation E.Metallic taste

A. Muscle pain B. Fatigue E. Metallic taste

A nurse is collecting data from a client who recently began taking niacin to treat hyperlipidemia. The client reports experiencing facial flushing after taking the medication. The nurse should expect to make which of the following recommendations? A. Take aspirin 30 minutes before taking the medication B. Lie down for 30 minutes after taking the medication C. Take the medication on an empty stomach D. Avoid caffeine while taking this medication

A. Take aspirin 30 minutes before taking the medication

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving methylpredisolone. Which of the following lab values should the nurse plan to monitor? (Select all that apply.) A. WBC count B. Serum potassium C. Creatine phosphokinase D. Blood glucose E. Amylase

A. WBC count B. Serum potassium D. Blood glucose

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hyperthyroidism and a new prescription for propylthiouracil. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Sore throat B. Metallic taste C. Mania D. Urinary retention

A. sore throat

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for timolol eye drops to treat glaucoma. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will rub my eyes for 10 seconds after putting in the medication." B. "I will look up when putting the medication into my eyes." C. "I will clean my eyes from the outer edge toward the nose before putting in the medication." D. "I will close my eyes tightly after putting in the medication."

B. "I will look up when putting the medication into my eyes."

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking exenatide to treat diabetes mellitus. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the exenatide dose and notify the provider immediately? A. Loss of appetite B. Abdominal pain C. Muscle weakness D. Heartburn

B. Abdominal pain

A nurse is caring for a client who has genital herpes. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? A. Levofloxacin B. Acyclovir C. Ceftriaxone D. Metronidazole

B. Acyclovir

A nurse is caring for a client who is having an acute asthma attack. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first? A. Beclomethasone B. Albuterol C. Cromolyn D. Prednisone

B. Albuterol

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has bacteria pneumonia and is taking ceftraxone. Which of the following findings indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication? A. WBC count 10,500/mm^3 B. Clear, bilateral breath sounds C. HR 110/min D. Tolerates small meal servings

B. Clear, bilateral breath sounds

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking amoxicillin to treat a respiratory infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of the medication? A. Hearing loss B. Diarrhea C. Bruising D. Tendonitis

B. Diarrhea

A nurse is reviewing the medical administration record of a client who has a history of Stevens-Johnson syndrome when taking sulfamethoxazole-trimethroprim. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as contraindicated for this client? A. Prednisone B. Furosemide c. Lansoprazole D. Digoxin

B. Furosemide

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is in preterm labor and is receiving magnesium sulfate by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates magnesium toxicity? A. Urinary output 60mL/hr B. Hyporeflexia C. Respirations 14/min D. Tachycardia

B. Hyporeflexia Magnesium sulfate depresses neuromuscular activity, causing muscle weakness and paralysis. Therefore, the nurse should identify hyporeflexia as an indication of magnesium toxicity and report it to the charge nurse.

A nurse is caring for a client who has kidney failure and has been taking epoetin alfa. Which of the following is a therapeutic effect of this medication? A. Decreased BUN B. Increased Hgb C. Decreased leukocyte production D. Increased platelet production

B. Increased Hgb

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about immunizations with a client who is pregnant. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse include in the teaching as safe to administer during pregnancy? A. Herpes zoster B. Tetanus and diphtheria (Td) C. Varicella D. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)

B. Tetanus and diphtheria (Td)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for vitamin B12 intranasal to treat malabsorption syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Take this medication once per day." B. "Drink a hot liquid after administering the medication." C. "Massage your nose gently after medication administration." D. "Store this medication in the refrigerator."

C. "Massage your nose gently after medication administration."

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a prescription for a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Wait for 15 seconds between each puff of the same medication." B. "Hold your breath for 5 seconds after inhaling the medication." C. "Take a slow deep breath lasting about 3 to 5 seconds after releasing the medication." D. "Roll the canister between your hands for 10 to 15 seconds to mix the medication."

C. "Take a slow deep breath lasting about 3 to 5 seconds after releasing the medication."

An older adult client who has terminal cancer reports pain at a level of 5 using a 1 to 10 pain scale. The client has a prescription for morphine 15 mg orally every 4 hours. The client's children express concern that the client is receiving too much of the medication. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Clients who receive this medication orally have a lower risk for addiction." B. "Additional doses will not be needed because this medication is given on a fixed schedule." C. "The dose should remain constant to prevent breakthrough pain." D. "We can switch from oral administration to rectal administration."

C. "The dose should remain constant to prevent breakthrough pain."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about nicotine palocrilex gum with a client who smokes three packs of cigarettes per day. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You can drink caffeinated beverages while chewing the gum." B. "You can chew two pieces of gum when you have the urge to smoke." C. "You should chew the gum for a full 30 minutes before discarding." D. "You should wait 5 minutes after eating to chew the gum."

C. "You should chew the gum for a full 30 minutes before discarding." The nurse should instruct the client to chew the gum slowly for a full 30 minutes before discarding. The full dose of nicotine from the gum occurs within 15-30 minutes.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for dimenhydrinate to treat motion sickness. Which of the following disorders in the client's medical record should the nurse report to the provider? A. Major depressive disorder B. Diabetes mellitus C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia D. Meniere's disease

C. Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who experiences migraine headaches and has a new prescription for sumatriptan. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following manifestations to the provider as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Insomnia B. Photophobia C. Chest tightness D. Respiratory depression

C. Chest tightness

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for baclofen. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Diarrhea B. Weight loss C. Drowsiness D. Hypertension

C. Drowsiness

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has angina and has a new prescription for SL nitroglycerin. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Shortness of breath B. Bradycardia C. Headache D. Double vision

C. Headache

A nurse is collecting data form a client who is taking tobramycin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately? A. Report of nausea B. Fever C. Oliguria D. Report of headache

C. Oliguria Oliguria indicates the client is at greatest risk for nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider immediately.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for a fluticasone inhaler. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will administer two puffs of the medication consecutively." B. "I will use this inhaler if i feel an asthma attack coming on." C. "I will avoid intake of dairy products in my diet." D. "I will rinse my mouth after I use the inhaler."

D. "I will rinse my mouth after using the inhaler."

A nurse is monitoring a client who is 2 hours postoperative and has a prescription for opiod analgesics. Which of the following actions provide the nurse with the priority data to determine the client's need for analgesia? A. Observe the client for signs of restlessness B. Monitor the client for facial grimacing C. Watch the client for indications of decreased mobility D. Ask the client to rate her pain level

D. Ask the client to rate her pain level

A nurse erroneously administered zolpidem to the wrong client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when documenting the medication error? A. Document the completion of the incident report in the medical record of the client who received tho zolpidem B. Administer a dose of naloxone to reverse the effects of the medication C. Keep a copy of the incident report on the unit D. Document the notification of the client's provider

D. Document the notification of the client's provider

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is receiving enalapril 20 mg PO daily. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? A. Hypokalemia B. Blurred vision C. Tremors D. Dry cough

D. Dry cough

A nurse is evaluating a client who is receiving amphotericin B via intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse reaction to this medication? A. Serum potassium 5.6 mEq/L B. Hematocrit 55% C. Ployuria D. Hypotension

D. Hypotension

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a new prescription for methotrexate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Avoid grapefruit juice B. Increase salt intake C. Avoid aged cheese D. Increase fluid intake

D. Increase fluid intake

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking disulfiram and consumes alcohol 12 hours ago. Which of the following adverse reactions is the priority finding to report to the provider? A. Hyperemesis B. Severe headache C. Palpitations D. Respiratory depression

D. Respiratory depression

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and is learning to self-administer NPH insulin. Which of the following client actions indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. The client shakes the insulin vial prior to drawing up the dose B. The client uses the tip of the plunger to measure the correct dose C. The client injects air into the vial after inverting it D. The client wipes the cap with alcohol prior to filling the syringe

D. The client wipes the cap with alcohol prior to filling the syringe

The nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking digoxin for 1 month. The nursed should immediately identify which of the following findings as a manifestation of digoxin toxicity. A. Pulse rate 100/min B. BP 140//90 mm Hg C. Wheezing D. Vomiting

D. Vomiting The nurse should identify vomiting as an early manifestation of digoxin toxicity.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with a nitroglycerin transdermal patch. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "While using the patch, I will be careful when rising from a chair." B. "I should leave the patch in place for 24 hours." C. "I should apply the patch to the same location with each application." D. "I will apply a new patch if i have chest pain."

A. "When using the patch, I will be careful when rising from a chair."

A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has a new prescription for tobramycin to treat a pulmonary infection. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as increasing the risk for ototoxicity while taking tobramycin? A. Furosemide B. Propranolol C. Gabapentin D. Guaifenesin

A. Furosemide

A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who reports muscle aches and pains associated with construction work. The provider suggests taking acetaminophen. The nurse should notify the provider about which of the following information obtained from the client? A. Hx of hepatitis B B. Cigarette smoker C. Hx of hypertension D. Allergy to sulfonamides

A. Hx of hepatitis B

A nurse is collecting data from a client who haws been taking levodopa/carbidopa. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? A. The client is able to wash his face B. The client experiences fever seizures C. The client reports decreased heartburn D. The client is able to sleep through the night

A. The client is able to wash his face

A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who has a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching as an appropriate food choice? A. Yogurt B. Avocado C. Smoked salmon D. Pepperoni

A. Yogurt

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the immunization records of a 12-month-old infant who is immunocompromised. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse identify as contraindicated for this client? A. HepA B. MMR C. PCV13 D. Hib

B. MMR

A nurse is caring for a client who has a 10-year hx of alcohol use disorder and is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal. The nurse should identify which of the following interventions as the priority? A. Suggest the client attend a support group B. Administer naltrexone C. Implement seizure precautions D. Assist the client to identify triggers of alcohol use

C. Implement seizure precautions

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension and is taking metoprolol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following manifestations to the provider as an adverse effect of this medication? A. Tachycardia B. Tinnitis C. Peripheral edema D. Urinary retention

C. Peripheral edema

A nurse is monitoring a client who has just returned to the unit following a surgery. The client received an initial dose of morphine 5 mg IV bolus for pain relief. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse report immediately to the provider? A. Emesis B. Sedation C. Respiratory rate 11/min D. BP 100/74 mm Hg

C. Respiratory rate 11//min

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking lithium to treat bipolar disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Bloating B. WBC count 8,500/mm^3 C. Slurred speech D. Sodium 140 mEq/L

C. Slurred speech

A nurse is collecting data prior to administering digoxin to a client. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold this medication and notify the provider? A. Digoxin level 0.9ng/mL B. BP 142/80 mm Hg C. Potassium 4.4 mEq/L D. Apical pulse 52/min

D. Apical pulse 52/min The nurse should check the clients apical pulse prior to administering digoxin because it decreases the HR and improves contractility. If the clients HR is below 60/min, the nurse should withhold the dose and notify the perscriber.

A nurse is performing the third check before administering hydromorphone to a client. After opening the unit-dose packet, the client tells the nurse he does not want to take the medication now. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Complete an occurrence report of the incident. B. Encourage the client to take the medication C. Leave the medication at the client's bedside in case he changes his mind. D. Dispose of the medication with a secondary nurse as a witness.

D. Dispose of the medication with a secondary nurse as a witness.