Pharmacology chapter 6

a patient receiving antibiotics for the treatment of a bacterial wound infection develops a secondary fungal infection. the patient asks you to explain why the fungal infection developed. what is your best response?

"Antibiotics can upset the balance of normal flora and allow yeast or fungus to grow."

a patient is being prescribed with metronidazole for an amebiasis infection after recent travel to south america. before being discharged, the LPN/LVN will instruct the patient about how to properly take this drug. list the correct nursing instructions (select all that apply)

-Your urine may be darker than usual, which is expected -This drug should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals to ensure best absorption -You should take this drug with a full glass of water to support excretion by the kidneys

a homeless 34 year old male with suspected tuberculosis presents to the local free clinic with a fever, chills, night sweats, and a cough with bloody sputum. a chest x-ray confirms this diagnosis and he is prescribed with the first line therapy of isoniazid(INH), rifampin(rifadin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol(myambutol). which instructions should be part of the teaching plan for all patients receiving treatment with anti tubercular drugs?(select all that apply)

-report weight loss to your healthcare provider -avoid alcohol for the duration of this treatment -report the appearance of dark colored urine and light colored stools -you will need to have weekly blood draws to assess for neutropenia

the LPN/LVN is taking care of a diabetic patient with a patient with a candida infection in the mouth. the patient has been prescribed nystatin oral suspension. the LPN/LVN is preparing the drug for administration. which of the following actions should the LPN/LVN remember when giving this drug?

-the LPN/LVN should instruct the patient to keep the suspension in her mouth for several minutes before swallowing -the LPN/LVN should instruct the patient to take half the dose in each side of the mouth so that the drug reaches all of the oral mucosa

you are teaching a patient a patient prescribed rifampin for the treatment of tuberculosis. what instruction should be included in the treatment plan?

avoid taking acetaminophen and alcohol while taking this drug

which class of anti fungal drugs works by altering the cell wall of the fungus?

azoles

you are providing instructions regarding drug therapy with oral antifungal lozenges to a patient with an oral Candida infection. which statement should be included as part of this patients teaching plan?

brush your teeth and tongue before using the lozenge

a patient is being treated for pinworms with anthelmintics. you have completed teaching this patient about the drug therapy. which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of the side effects of this treatment?

I may have diarrhea and abdominal pain while taking this drug

a female patient with a vaginal fungal infection is reviewing the teaching plan for using a vaginal antifungal cream. which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I will place the cream into the vagina before bedtime

a patient with a confirmed active tuberculosis(TB) exposure asks how the first line drugs such as isoniazid(INH) work to prevent infection. what response demonstrates your understanding of the action of isoniazid?

INH inhibits enzymes need for reproduction and growth of TB

a patient newly diagnosed with tuberculosis(TB) asks how this infection is transmitted. what is your best response?

TB is transmitted by inhaling droplets from coughing or sneezing

a patient who is planning to visit a tropical country asks you about taking drugs for malaria. what is your best response?

anti malarials are taken prophylactically when traveling to areas where malaria is common

a 43 year old patient with a fungal infection is prescribed griseofulvin. what symptoms should you monitor that would indicate an adverse effect of the drug?

jaundice and dark colored urine

which type of treatment would you expect to be used for a patient with active tuberculosis?

long term treatment with several anti tubercular drugs

for which condition would a patient receive the drug primaquine as treatment?

malaria

your patient has been prescribed a course of fluconazole for the treatment of a fungal infection. which symptoms would indicate an adverse reaction to the drug resulting in a medical emergency?

painful red or purple rash and blisters

a 5 year old child who is seen at the homeless clinic has a case of active tuberculosis. the healthcare provider has prescribed rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. which of the following side effects of ethambutol would prompt the nurse to discuss the prescription with the healthcare provider?

patient needs to report vision changes