Module 18 Learn Smart

six sigma aims to limit defects to _____ per million occurences

3.4 defects

intrafirm trade accounts for about _____ of exports of goods in the united states

30-40%

the most popular standard for quality in europe is _____

ISO 9000

which standard is required of most companies that want to do business in europe?

ISO 9000

When a company offers a standard product that users can modify themselves, the company is engaging in a ______ approach to mass customization.

adaptive

defect-free components ______ requirements for JIT to work efficiently

are

an arrangement in which facilities are stablished to manufacture inputs used in the production of a firm's final product is known ass ______

backward vertical integration

as compared to synchronous manufacturing, a JIT system is _____

balanced

_______ refers to the operations in a manufacturing system whose output sets the limit for the entire system's output

bottleneck

general purpose machines require operators to have a ______ skill set that might be necessary for a special purpose machine

broader

under six sigma, the individual who is responsible for the project's success. and who provides the necessary resources and breaks down organizational goals is called a ______

champions

which of the following does not characterizes an effective JIT system?

companies must maintain a wide stock of customized products to quickly meet customer preferences

which type of manufacturing allows the economic batch quantity to be reduced to one?

computer-intergrated manufacturing

what is the biggest advantage of six sigma?

cost savings

companies like dell and starbucks are increasingly turning to _____ for input on product design

customers

_____ _____ refers to the purhcasing of goods and services that are not part of finished goods

define improve measure

which of the following accurately characterizes supply chain management?

effective supply chain management can enhance a company's ability to manage regulatory, social, and other environmental pressures performance assesment of supply chain management shoul dbe aligned with strategic objectives a typical measure of supply chain performance is the number of times inventory turn over in a year

control is _____ by standardization

facilitated

compared to traditional manufacturing, mass customization ______ customer responsiveness

facilitates

which type of costing approach includes all costs associated with foreign sourcing

full

suppose a factory includes both machine welding to ensure quality, but semimanual equiptment for painting and packaging. this design can best be described as ___

hybrid

which global sourcing arrangement involves a production plant in the home country or another nation sending components to be machined and assembled by an independent contractor?

in-bound plant contractor

in the synchronous manufacturing system, a ______ at the bottleneck means _____ for the entire production system

increase an increase

_____ _____ refers to the purhcasing of goods and services that are not part of finished goods

indirect procurement

production methods between capital and labor intensive methods are called ______ _____

intermediate technology

in situations where it is necessary to ensure a supply of raw materials, a foreign subsidiary _____ likely to be vertically integrated

is

job creation in developing countries favors _______ intesnisve processes

labor

which type of costing includes future salvage value?

life-cycle

managerial functions associated with the movement of materials such as raw materials, work in progress, or finished goods is referred to as ______

logistics

for small companies, e-procurement exchanges _____ barriers to market opportunites

lower

______ materials costs are associated with unified processes, while _____ materials costs are associated with specialized processes

lower higher

division of production among a number of production units, thus enabling each to produce only a limited number of components for all of a firm's assembly plans is called ______ ______

manufacturing rationalization

the use of flexible manufacturing systems to produce and deliver customized products and services for different customers worldwide is known as _____ _______

mass customization

under six sigma, individuals who have worked on many projects, have knowledge of advanced tools, and have teaching experience callled _____

master black belts

a key to zara's success in managing its inventory is using textile manufacturers that are located _____ ____ headquarters

near to

a company's decision to relocate some or all of its activities or processes to a foreign location is called ____

offshoring

hiring others to perform some of the noncore activities and decision-making in a company's value chain, rather than having the company and its employees continue to perform those activities is called ______

outsourcing

which of the following are factors facilitating the use of global sources?

plummeting cost of communications widespread use of standardization inferfaces increasing pace of automation

the ultimate goal of effective supply chain management is to _____

reduce inventory

engineering time required to plan and design new facilities is ______ in a standardized operation

shorter

manufactring firms that use process organization will set up a ______ structure in their foreign affiliate

similar

denise provided robert with a list of technical specifications that needed to be adhered to when developing the new line of projection screen.s Tese technical specifications are an example of ______

standards

the rapid development in e-procurement means that in many firms, purchasing is now considered to be a _______ function

strategic

which of the following demonstrate the effect of global standardization of a firm's manufacturing system?

supply and logistics avtivities are more efficient keeping production specifications current is facilitated fewer labor hours are needed for plant design

the process of coordinating and integrating the flow of materials, information, finances, and services within and among companies in the value chain from suppliers to the ultimate consumer is called ______ ______ ______

suppy chain management

an entire manufacturing system with unbalanced operations that emphasizes total system performancec is called _____ manufacturing

synchronous

a key problem with global sourcing is _____

that initial prices may be much lower than the actual price

a key benefit to developing counties from the use of intermediate technology is ______

the creation of more jobs

why were early efforts at developing e-procurement systems failures?

they were made in isolation of the company's oerall business system

all of the following except _____ are reasons why companies source globally

to create buffer stock

______ _____ _____ refers to a company-wide management approach in which the entire organization is managed so that it excels on all dimensions of products and services that are important to the customer

total quality management

true or false: catalog procurements are an example of a transaction that can occure over electronic purchasing exchanges

true

ture or false: reduced concept-to-market time has created a need for suppliers that can respond quickly

true

in contrasst to traditional industry practices zara changes out product lines every ____ in order to better respond to customers

two weeks

cultural factors such as education and training influence a firm's ability to standardize because after a short training period, attending to specialized machines requires ______ employees

unskilled

to avoid exhange rate risk, a us importer should require that exporters quote prices in

us dollars