Pharmacology Exam 2 Chapter 9-11 PrepU Questions

The nurse is teaching a male client with HIV about his new antiviral drug regimen. Which client statement would suggest that the teaching plan was effective?

"I should expect some nausea and vomiting."

The nurse is working with a client with a cutaneous fungal infection. The client was prescribed a topical antifungal ointment. The client tells the nurse, "I went ahead and bought a steroid ointment at the drugstore because I read it might help with my skin infection." What is the nurse's best response?

"It's best to check with your health care provider before applying any of the steroid ointment."

A 16-year-old has come to the clinic and asks to talk to a nurse. The nurse asks the teen what she needs and the teen responds that she has become sexually active and is concerned about getting HIV. The teen asks the nurse what she can do keep from getting HIV. What would be the nurse's best response?

"Other than abstinence, only the consistent and correct use of condoms is effective in decreasing the risk of getting HIV."

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with HIV. The client tells the nurse that he is considering supplementing his antiretroviral drug therapy with an herbal regimen that he read about recently. What should the nurse say in response?

"Some herbal supplements could interfere with your medication, so talk with your physician first."

A client who is using a topical antifungal agent to treat mycosis calls the clinic to report a severe rash that is accompanied by blisters. What should the nurse instruct the client to do?

"Stop using the drug immediately."

A nurse is teaching an 82-year-old client about amphotericin B, an antifungal ordered by the health care provider. Which client statement would suggest that teaching has been effective?

"Taking this drug could damage my kidney functioning."

A client has been taking oral amoxicillin to treat otitis media for the past 6 days. The client has told the nurse that "my ear is now back to normal" and asks about stopping the antibiotics. How should the nurse respond?

"That's excellent that you're feeling better, but it's important to keep taking the antibiotics until they're all finished."

A client is being treated with amphotericin B. Which statement indicates that the client has understood the client teaching?

"The medication may cause kidney damage."

The nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with hepatitis B. The family comes to visit and a family member asks the nurse if it is safe to visit. What is the nurse's best response?

"There is no risk unless you come in contact with blood and body fluids."

The nurse is reviewing the medication instruction for the client taking acyclovir. Which statement by the client would indicate the need for additional teaching?

"This medication will maintain the symptoms and cure my disease."

A 15-year-old female client is receiving tetracycline for the treatment of severe acne. Which statement would the nurse make when teaching the client about this drug?

"When taking tetracycline, wear extra sunblock and watch for discoloration of your teeth."

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a woman who has been prescribed tetracycline and also uses oral contraceptives. What is the most important instruction the nurse will give to this client?

"You should use alternative means of contraception while you are taking tetracycline."

A client states, "My provider said that I had mycosis, but I thought I had a fungal infection." Which response would be most appropriate?

"You're both correct because mycosis means a disease is caused by a fungus."

The nursing instructor is giving memory aids to the students to help them to better remember the different drug classifications. When learning about antivirals the nurse instructs the students to look for which syllables?

-vir

The health care provider has ordered levofloxacin 500 mg orally. The drug is available in 250-mg tablets. The nurse administers how many tablets?

2

The nurse is caring for several clients who have fungal infections. Which client should the nurse prioritize for informing the provider?

A client receiving amphotericin B whose torso appears jaundiced

The health care provider has ordered penicillin V for a client. What should the nurse instruct the client to take with the medication?

A full glass of water

A nurse is assessing a 66-year-old man who is HIV-positive. The patient has been prescribed didanosine (Videx). It would be most important to question the patient about which of the following?

Alcohol use

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a life-threatening systemic fungal infection that is not responding to treatment with an azole. What medication should the nurse anticipate the provider may order next?

Amphotericin B

Which statement regarding antiviral medications is true?

Antivirals do not eliminate existing viruses from tissues.

What can the nurse do to maximize a patient's adherence to the medication regimen?

As an advocate of the patient, discuss benefits and risks of antiretroviral therapy as well as administration.

A nurse is preparing to give a client an initial dose of a penicillin preparation. What should the first action be for the nurse?

Ask the client if there is a history allergy to a penicillin.

Antibiotic drugs are commonly used in the pediatric population. Why would the tetracyclines be contraindicated in children younger than 8 years of age?

Because of the drugs effects on teeth and bone

A nurse is required to administer an anti-infective drug to a patient. The nurse knows that which of the following tests need to be conducted before administering the first dose of an anti-infective drug to the patient?

Culture tests

A client for whom antiretroviral therapy has been prescribed informs the nurse that the client is taking oral contraceptives. What should the nurse inform the client is one of the effects of combining birth control pills with antiretroviral therapy?

Decreases effectiveness of birth control pills

A client taking an oral antifungal agent reports gastrointestinal upset. Which would be most appropriate to suggest?

Having the client take the drug with food

The nurse admitted a client diagnosed with a systemic fungal infection. Before administering ketoconazole as prescribed, what should the nurse confirm?

Hepatic function

Antivirals are used to treat infections caused by viruses. In particular, acyclovir is useful to treat which infection?

Herpes zoster

The nurse is caring for a 62-year-old who has orders to receive gentamicin . The client reports difficulty hearing. What should the nurse do?

Hold the dose and notify the health care provider immediately.

Amphotericin B is given by which route?

IV

An elderly client is admitted to the medical floor with a fever, body aches and cough. What virus should the nurse suspect this client to have?

Influenza

Which statement would be correct for a client regarding the administration of an antifungal medication?

Instruct the client to complete the entire drug therapy even if a dose is missed.

When discussing cephalosporins with the nursing class, the pharmacology instructor explains that this classification of drug is primarily excreted through which organ?

Kidney

What serious adverse effect is most associated with amphotericin B?

Nephrotoxicity

A group of students are reviewing material for a test on antibiotics. They demonstrate an understanding of the material when they identify what as the first antibiotic introduced for clinical use?

Penicillin

An 80-year-old woman is receiving treatment with oral fluconazole for a fungal infection Following yesterday's and today's dose, she reports an upset stomach to the charge nurse. How should the nurse at the facility best respond to the woman's report?

Provide food along with the fluconazole when administering it in the future

A client who is hospitalized and receiving antiretroviral therapy has a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Injury related to weakness and dizziness. Which would be appropriate for the nurse to do?

Provide for frequent rest periods.

A patient being treated for HIV with saquinavir informs the nurse they he has been "suffering from depression" and taking St. John's wort to help. What is important for the nurse to discuss with this patient?

Refraining from use of St. John's wort, which can cause decreased effectiveness of saquinavir

A 70-year-old man is being treated for herpes zoster virus. He has been prescribed acyclovir (Zovirax). The clinic nurse should prioritize assessments of which of the following?

Renal function

The nurse is administering an antifungal medication. What is the most relevant testing required for the client taking this medication?

Renal testing

A patient is being discharged from a health care facility. The patient is, however, required to continue with antiviral therapy at home. Which point should the nurse include in the teaching plan to educate the patient?

Report adverse reactions to the primary health care provider.

The clinic nurse is providing health teaching to a client who has been prescribed doxycycline. What is a priority teaching point for this client?

Stay out of the sun.

While calculating the drug dose of anti-viral medications for children who have AIDS a pediatric nurse uses what?

The child's weight

A client is being treated for histoplasmosis with amphotericin B. The nurse has completed a comprehensive assessment of the client and should report what assessment finding?

The client's urine output is 75 mL over six hours

The client is diagnosed with a Candida infection of the mouth. How will the nurse document this finding?

Thrush

True or False: A topical antifungal cream should be gently rubbed into the affected area that has been washed with soap and water and patted dry.

True

True or False: Ketoconazole is available in oral form, a shampoo, and a cream.

True

A health care center is conducting a seminar on cephalosporins drugs. During the question-and-answer period, the audience wants examples of conditions that can be treated by cephalosporins. Which of the following infections should the nurse state as examples?

Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

What client is most vulnerable to infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV)?

a client being treated for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A nurse is explaining the use of griseofulvin to a patient. It will be important for the nurse to assess for the patient's use of:

alcohol

The ability of bacteria to produce substances that inactivate or destroy the antibiotic is known as which of the following?

bacterial resistance

A man is prescribed ciprofloxacin to treat a sexually transmitted infection. The nurse will instruct the patient to:

complete the entire course of drug therapy.

A client is diagnosed with an infection. What would the nurse anticipate being used to determine the best drug to treat the infection?

culture and sensitivity (C&S)

A young adult client who has no significant prior health history has been prescribed antibiotics for the first time. What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for this client?

deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy

A client has been admitted to the critical care unit with a diagnosis of peritonitis that has necessitated treatment with gentamicin. As a result, the care team should be cautious when concurrently administering other medications that may cause which?

ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity

A critical care nurse is caring for a client taking aminoglycosides. The dosage may need to be adjusted if the nurse finds monitored changes in what system?

renal function

When fighting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the nurse knows that the drug regimen usually includes which?

several medications, which combined are the most effective treatment.

A nurse is explaining the use of acyclovir therapy to a 72-year-old man. Nephrotoxicity is discussed as a major adverse effect in older patients. To minimize the risk of the patient developing this adverse effect, the nurse will advise him to

stay well hydrated by drinking at least eight 8-oz glasses of water daily.

Based on a physical assessment, the nurse suspects that a client was given tetracycline as a young child. What physical characteristic led the nurse to this conclusion?

tooth color

A nurse is instructing a 19-year-old female patient on the use of fluconazole for candida vaginitis. A teaching priority will be to:

use an alternative form of birth control, if taking an oral contraceptive.