Pharmacology Exam 4: Quiz Questions

An intravenous piggyback (IVPB) antibiotic needs to infuse over 90 minutes. The IVPB bag contains 150 mL. Calculate the setting for the infusion pump.

100 mL/hr

The order for a child reads, "Give furosemide (Lasiz) 2 mg/kg IV STAT." The child weighs 33 pounds. Identify how many milligrams will the child receive for this dose.

30 mg

A patient will be receiving mannitol (Osmitrol), 1.5 g/kg IV 1 hour before ocular surgery. The patient weighs 110 pounds. The medication is avilable as a 25% solution. Based on this patient's dose, calculate how many milliliters of mannitol this patient will receive, using the 25% solution.

300 mL

A child has been diagnosed with bacterial otitis externa and will be receiving eardrops. Which of these eardrops are appropriate for this infection? (Select all that apply.) A. Cipro HC Otic B. Cortic C. Floxin Otic D. Acetasol HC E. Debrox

A. Cipro HC Otic C. Floxin Otic

The nurse is assessing a child with otitis media. Which statement about otitis media is correct? A. Common symptoms include pain, fever, malaise, and a sensation of fullness in the ears. B. It is treated with over-the-counter medications. C. Hearing deficits are associated only with inner ear infections, not with otitis media. D. In children, it commonly follows a lower respiratory tract infection.

A. Common symptoms include pain, fever, malaise, and a sensation of fullness in the ears.

A patient is being discharged to home on a single daily dose of a diuretic. The nurse instructs the patient to take the dose at which time so it will be least disruptive to the patient's daily routine? A. In the morning B. With supper C. At noon D. At bedtime

A. In the morning

Mannitol (Osmitrol) has been ordered for a patient with acute renal failure. The nurse will administer this drug using which procedure? A. Intravenously, through a filter B. Through a gravity intravenous drip with standard tubing C. By mouth in a single morning dose D. By rapid intravenous bolus

A. Intravenously, through a filter

The nurse is teaching a patient's wife about administering eardrops to her husband. The nurse will use which technique when demonstrating the skill? A. Pull the pinna of the ear up and back. B. Pull the pinna of the ear down and back. C. Pull the pinna of the ear down and forward. D. Pull the pinna of the ear up and forward.

A. Pull the pinna of the ear up and back.

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who is to receive wound care with topical silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene). Which finding, if noted, would be a potential contraindication? A. The patient is allergic to sulfonamide drugs. B. The patient is allergic to shellfish. C. The patient has an open wound from a burn on her arm. D. The patient's burn wound has been debrided.

A. The patient is allergic to sulfonamide drugs.

During diuretic therapy, the nurse monitors the fluid and electrolyte status of the patient. Which assessment findings are symptoms of hyponatremia? (select all that apply) A. Decreased urination B. Red, flushed skin C. Lethargy D. Hypotension E. Stomach cramps F. Elevated temperature

C. Lethargy D. Hypotension E. Stomach cramps

When reviewing the health history of a patient, the nurse will note that a potential contraindication to potassium supplements exists if the patient has which problems? A. Diarrhea B. Burns C. Renal disease D. Cardiac tachydysrhythmias

C. Renal disease

The nurse will be giving ophthalmic drugs to a patient with glaucoma. Which drug is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure when other medications are not successful? A. Tobramycin (Tobrex) B. Mannitol (Osmitrol) C. Bacitracin (AK-Tracin) D. Ketorolac (Acular)

B. Mannitol (Osmitrol)

The preoperative nurse is ready to perform a skin prep with povidone-iodine (Betadine) on a patient who is about to have abdominal surgery. Which allergies, if present, would be a contraindication to the Betadine prep? A. Latex B. Shellfish C. Adhesives D. Peanuts

B. Shellfish

The nurse will monitor a patient for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia if the patient is taking which of these diuretics? A. Acetazolamide (Diamox) B. Spironolactone (Aaldactone) C. Furosemide (Lasix) D. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)

B. Spironolactone (Aldactone)

When reviewing the mechanisms of action of diuretics, the nurse knows that which statement is true about loop diuretics? A. They are very potent, having a diuretic effect that lasts at least 6 hours. B. They have a rapid onset of action and cause rapid diuresis. C. They work by inhibiting aldosterone. D. They are not effective when the creatinine clearance decreases below 25 mL/min.

B. They have a rapid onset of action and cause rapid diuresis.

The nurse is working with a graduate nurse to prepare an intravenous dose of potassium. Which statement by the graduate nurse reflects a need for further teaching? A. "The infusion rate should not go over 10 mEq/hr." B. "The intravenous potassium will be diluted before we give it." C. "We will need to monitor this infusion closely." D. The intravenous potassium dose will be given undiluted."

D. "The intravenous potassium dose will be given undiluted."

A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema. Which class of diuretic is used to reduce intracranial pressure? A. Loop diuretics B. Vasodilators C. Thiazide diuretics D. Osmotic diuretics

D. Osmotic diuretics

A patient is about to undergo ocular surgery. The preoperative nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for local anesthesia? A. Dipivefrin (Propine) B. Oral glycerin C. Timolol (Timoptic) D. Proparacaine (Alcaine)

D. Proparacaine (Alcaine)

A patient asks about using minoxidil (Rogaine) for hair thinning. Which statement about minoxidil is accurate? A. Systemic absorption of topically applied minoxidil is rare. B. Results may be seen as soon as 2 weeks after beginning therapy. C. The product is applied once daily in the morning. D. Systemic absorption may cause tachycardia, fluid retention, and weight gain.

D. Systemic absorption may cause tachycardia, fluid retention, and weight gain.

The nurse is administering ophthalmic drops. Place the following administration steps in the correct order. A. Have the patient tilt the head back and look up at the ceiling. B. Apply gentle pressure to the inner canthus/lacrimal sac for 1 minute. C. Remove excess medication gently from around the eyes. D. Place drops into the conjunctival sac. E. Close the eye gently. F. Clean debris from the eye as needed.

F. Clean debris from the eyes as needed. A. Have the patient tilt the head back and look up at the ceiling. D. Place drops into the conjunctival sac. E. Close the eye gently. B. Apply gentle pressure to the inner canthus/lacrimal sac for 1 minute. C. Remove excess medication gently from around the eyes.