Pharmacology Quiz 8.1

Agents that act on the peripheral and central cough centers to reduce coughing are ___.

Antitussives

All of the following are TRUE about opioid antitussive medications except: The opioid antitussive mechanism of action is to reduce the cough reflex both peripherally and centrally. Opioid antitussives can produce adverse effects related to CNS depression and concomitant use with alcohol, sedatives, muscle relaxants, and opioid analgesics is to be avoided. Opioid antitussive should not be used with in patients with COPD or asthma. Dosage for opioid antitussives is the same as required for opioid analgesia.

Dosage for opioid antitussives is the same as required for opioid analgesia.

Antibiotics should always be prescribed for individuals who have frequent colds to prevent secondary bacterial infection.

False

Patients benefit from the use of antitussives to decrease oropharyngeal irritation from productive coughs.

False

The liquid form of dextromethorphan or cough drop lozenges are more effective when a full glass of water is taken both before and after administration.

False

Which of the following is/are true about colds? Select all that apply.

You can be infected with a cold by touching a contaminated surface. Cold viruses may cause a fever (particularly in young children) and symptoms are often treated with OTC medications. The viruses that cause colds are airborne droplets which can be transmitted in a variety of ways.

Oral decongestants should NOT be taken within 2 hours of ___.

bedtime

Which of the following is a non-opioid antitussive?

benzonatate

Inspiration of oxygen from the environment is caused by contraction of _______. This results in expansion of the dimensions within the thoracic cavity and ____ lung air pressure causing air to fill the lungs.

external intercostals and diaphragm; decreased

Mac, age 2, has a cough and nasal congestion due to an upper respiratory infection. Mac visits Dr. Merry because he has begun to wheeze. Mac's mother is concerned that he might have asthma and require corticosteroids. After assessment, Dr. Merry ordered pseudoephedrine liquid 5cc PO q4-6h prn. He instructs Mac's mother to call if her child develops any of the following side effects _______ (mark all that apply).

insomnia blurred vision nervousness, restlessness nausea and/or vomiting

Prolonged daily use of topical nasal decongestants may cause ____________, which is a reflex response of nasal congestion due to nasal airway dependence on the medication to maintain blood vessel constriction. A/An Prolonged daily use of topical nasal decongestants may cause , which is a reflex response of nasal congestion due to nasal airway dependence on the medication to maintain blood vessel constriction. A/An ___________ develops that results in more medication required to produce the same effect, and eventually the medication becomes ineffective.develops that results in more medication required to produce the same effect, and eventually the medication becomes ineffective.

rebound congestion tolerance

The usual volume of air inhaled/exhaled in one breath is called the ________. The maximum volume that can be exhaled during forced breathing is called the _________.

tidal volume vital capacity