PHI 241: The Life-Span Perspective

The term toddler is often used to describe a child that is about ______ of age.

18 months to 3 years

Which of these illustrates the multidirectional nature of human development?

As children age, they may spend more time playing games with rules, but less time engaging in creative play.

Which of the following statements about ethnicity are true?

Ethnicity can include race and religion. There can be diversity within ethnic groups. Cultural heritage and language are aspects of ethnicity.

True or false: The life-span perspective involves sociocultural and individual factors, but not biological factors.

FALSE

True or false: Life-span development focuses mostly on the rapid growth and development that occurs during childhood.

False

True or false: Research using the life-span perspective is not relevant to social policy issues.

False

refers to the characteristics of people as males and females.

Gender

Which of the following statements about gender are true? (Choose every correct answer.)

Gender is one of the most important influences on our identity and relationships. Gender refers to the characteristics of being male or female.

Which of the following characterizes the middle adulthood period of development?

It is a period of expanding personal and social involvement, career achievement, and responsibility.

Which of the following are characteristics of the life-span perspective of development? (Choose every correct answer.)

It is multidimensional. It is lifelong. It is multidirectional.

Which of the following correctly describe life span in the study of human development? (select all that apply)

It occurs throughout life. It involves growth and change.

Which two of the following facts heighten the concerns over the well-being of older U.S. adults?

Many of America's older population are going to need society's help. The number of older adults in the United States is growing dramatically.

status refers to a person's position within society based on occupational, educational, and economic characteristics.

Socioeconomic

True or false: Developmental science is multidisciplinary because researchers from different disciplines are interested in studying development across the life span.

TRUE

Which statement about the human life span is TRUE?

The maximum human life span has not changed since the beginning of recorded history.

True or false: Health and well-being is heavily influenced by lifestyle and psychological state.

True

A central focus in developmental research is plasticity, which refers to

a person's capacity for change.

Amanda is engaging in much more logical and abstract thought than she used to, and she has become quite idealistic. She is far more interested in spending time with her friends than with her family. Amanda is most likely in the developmental period of

adolescense

The ______ period of development is the period of transition from childhood to early adulthood. It begins at approximately 10 to 12 years of age and ends at 18 to 21 years of age.

adolescent

When does the prenatal period of development begin?

at conception

The ______ processes refer to the changes in an individual's physical nature.

biological

If a study is "cross-cultural," this means that it

compares multiple cultures

A(n) ______ is a setting where development occurs, such as in the family, peer group, or place of employment.

context

Life-span development is considered to be a _____ process and does not end at any particular age.

continuous

cultural studies compare aspects of two or more cultures.

cross culture

What term describes the beliefs, customs, and general behavior patterns of a group of people?

culture

encompasses the behavior patterns and beliefs that are passed from generation to generation.

culture

Life-span ______ is the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through the human life span.

development

period refers to a time frame in a person's life that is characterized by certain features.

developmental

David is establishing economic independence, pursuing a career, and is considering getting married in the near future. David is very likely in the adulthood stage of life.

early

Sharon is becoming more self-sufficient and can follow instructions. She is even learning to identify letters. She is in the ______ period of development.

early childhood

Which developmental period in childhood involves learning to be self-sufficient, caring for the self, developing school readiness skills, and playing with peers?

early childhood

Rajiv is 21 years old, and is very much still exploring and experimenting with his identity. He is most likely in the stage of adulthood, a term used to refer specifically to the transition from adolescence to adulthood.

emerging

The term ______ comes from the Greek word for "nation."

ethnicity

Which four of the following concepts are particularly useful when studying the sociocultural context?

ethnicity socioeconomic status culture gender

Life is the average number of years a person born in a particular year can expect to live.

expectancy

The traditional approach to the study of development emphasizes the

extensive changes that occur from birth to adolescence.

Current health professionals recognize the power of lifestyles and psychological states in individual

health and well-being.

By studying life-span development we learn information about ourselves, including which of the following?

how we will age how we came to be this way who we are

Waylon is extremely dependent on his parents and is just beginning to develop language and symbolic thought. Waylon is in which developmental period? Multiple choice question.

idk

What developmental period lasts from birth to approximately 18 to 24 months?

infancy

Melissa is intrigued by how people change from infancy through late adulthood. She would learn about this subject by studying the field of human development called development.

life-span, lifespan, life span, or life-span development

In the life-span perspective, no age period dominates development. This highlights the view that development is considered to be

lifelong

Compared to decades past, older Americans today are more likely to

live alone.

Development is ______, which means that researchers in many different fields have an interest in understanding the many aspects of development.

multidisciplinary

A ______ life event is an unusual occurrence that has a major influence on a person's life and may not occur for other people at the same time.

nonnormative

Both individuals and contexts are always changing and are influenced by which of the following?

normative age-graded influences nonnormative life events influences normative history-graded influences

Events or trends (such as social or economic trends) that are common to members of a particular generation are known as ______ influences.

normative history-graded

Select all of the following that are a focus of life-span development.

parenting education social policy

The periods of development in the human life span are

produced by an interplay of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes.

What of the following characteristics would be most likely to increase the odds of resilience in children? Multiple choice question.

relationship with a caring parent

Which of the following may include the contextual settings that affect our development?

school family mosque

What are some characteristics that tend to increase the odds of resilience?

self confidence higher social economic status religious faith

policy is a government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens.

social

Culture, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status are ______ components of life-span development.

sociocultural

The period of development is a time of transition between infancy and early childhood.

toddler

The term describes someone whose gender identity is different from the one they were assigned at birth.

transgender

Which of the following are examples of biological processes that affect development?

weight gain genes inherited from parents cardiovascular decline hormonal changes of puberty brain development

Life expectancy in the United States is approximately ______ years of age. Multiple choice question.

79

Which of the following contemporary topics is the most recent and has had a dramatic influence at all points in human development?

technology

What term describes someone whose gender identity differs from the gender assigned to them at birth?

transgender

Normative history-graded influences are

common to members of a particular generation.

Dr. Xiong is comparing aspects of Uganda and Denmark. Her research is best described as

cross-cultural.

The ______ period is the developmental period from about 6 to 11 years of age, approximately corresponding to the elementary school years.

middle and late childhood

Julie has mastered the basic skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic, and very motivated to do well in school. Julie is most likely in the developmental period of

middle childhood

Developmentalists believe that life-span development is ______ because it consists of interactions of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional factors.

multidimensional

Because development is ______, the capacity of most individuals to acquire second or third languages as they age decreases.

multidirectional

The idea that development is ______ refers to the fact that some dimensions or components of a dimension expand and others shrink throughout the life span.

multidirectional

As adolescents develop romantic relationships, their time spent with friends may decrease. This is an example of the ______ of development. Multiple choice question.

multidirectionality

Development is _______, which means that researchers in many fields share an interest in unlocking the mysteries of development through the life span.

multidisciplinary

Developmental science is ______ because researchers from many fields, including psychologists, sociologists, and anthropologists, are interested in studying development through the life span.

multidisciplinary

Which of the following are factors in which ethnicity is rooted? (Choose every correct answer.)

nationality cultural heritage race

life events are unusual occurrences that have a major impact on an individual's life, but do not occur to every individual and do not always influence people in the same way.

nonnormative

A ______ age-graded influence is one that is similar for people of a particular age group.

normative

Most children in the United States start school when they are 5 or 6 years of age. This occurrence is an example of a

normative age-graded influence.

In lifespan development, which term refers to the capacity for change?

plasticity

The term ______ in development refers to the capacity for change.

plasticity

The period of development is the time from conception to birth. (Watch your spelling!)

prenatal

A government's social policy is the course of action taken by the government to

promote the welfare of the country's citizens.

If two people earn similar incomes and have about the same educational background, they share the same

socioeconomic status.

Which aspects listed are part of the multidimensional characteristic of life-span development?

cognitive socioemotional biologica

The upper boundary of the human life span (based on the oldest age documented) is _____ years.

122

Which of these would be an example of a cross-cultural study?

A U.S. researcher compares the labor and delivery experiences of women in the United States versus Nigeria.

True or false: Technology influences human development and is used at all points in human development.

True