PHIL 103 HONORS World Religion

"Among the Navajo, a number of colors balance their universe. These are"

"Black, white, yellow, blue"

The traditional Chinese character for sage has 3 components

"Ear, mouth, ruler"

"Like many heroes, Mahavira is anointed on a ___ called ___"

"Mountain, Mt Mer"

becomes therewith a revelation of the inhumanity of the order of the universe.

"Sudden, monstrous, death"

Henotheism is

"The belief that there are many gods, but only one in whom you believe"

"The five elemental forces in Confucianism are metal, -- & --, water, soil"

"Wood, fire"

The Three Marks of Existence in Buddhism.

1. Anatta (no self) 2. Anicca (impermanence) 3. Dukkha (suffering)

The rise of the Bhakti Movement was between ____ and ____

1200-1750 CE

The approximate date of the birth of Nanak is

1469

The Pre-Vedic period of Hinduism ended approximately in

1750 BCE

Ahura Mazda utters __ which fortell all that will happen till the end time

21 words

The Adventists have __ Fundamental Beliefs

28

Virtually every hero crosses the first threshold between the ages of

29-32

"Like most heroes, Mahavira was __ when he left to pursue his fate"

30

__ years of the life of Jesus are unaccounted for.

30

Mahavira preached for some __ years and died at __.

30 & 72

The Intertestamental Period

300 BCE - 300 CE

The Golden Age of Hinduism was between ___ and ___.

320-650 CE

"In Sikhism, all living things fall into one of _ categories depending upon where they are born"

4

"In life affirmative cultures, it seems that the number 3 is replaced by the number"

4

Zoroastrians pray __ times per day.

5

"In Jain, there are _ ages of history each __ years long"

6/21000

Mohammed conquered Mecca in

630

"According to this Jain tradition, there are 5 eternal substances"

?v?t?mbara

"In 1920, Rutherford declared that they would be resurrected in 1925."

Abraham and Isaac

Another name for Hebraic Judaism

Abrahamic

The gnostic term for the demi-urges

Aeons

The first day of each month in the Zoroastrian calendar is dedicated to

Ahura Mazda

The supreme diety in Zoroastrianism is

Ahura Mazda

An ancient Indian religion called Follower of the Way of Life

Ajivika

"In Zoroastrianism, this is the great mountain that took 800 years to grow"

Alburz

"According to this tribe, corn grows from the body of a buried human"

Algonquin

"In all religions, a return to fundamentalism is a response to"

All of these

"In Jain, this is the realm outside the universe"

Aloka

"When Augustine listened to this man's sermons, he converted to Pauline Christianity"

Ambrose

"In 1978, this law allowed Native Americans to practice their religion"

American Indian Religious Freedom Act

The creator god among the Dogon

Amma

The Sikh rite of passage for a male

Amrit Sanshar

The ideals of Sikhism are spelled out in the

Anah Piare

He was with Buddha when he died

Ananda

The Zoroastrian demi god of evil

Angra Mainyu

"Among the Navajo, he plays the role of Trickster."

Angry Coyote

"Among the Navajo, he teaches humans that death is necessary."

Angry Coyote

"An ________ is a universal, archaic patterns and images that derive from the collective unconscious and are the psychic counterpart of instinct."

Archetype

He convened the Third Council in Buddhism

Ashoka

"Of the 3 types of sacred fire in Zoroastrianism, this is the highest"

Atash Behram

For the Yorubam this means reincartaion

Atunwa

"Among the Zuni, this god created the world from his own breath and body"

Awonawilona

The physical realm in Yoruba religion

Aye

A early gnostic group that practiced baptism

Barbeloites

An early gnostic group that practiced baptism

Barbeloites

He founded the Branch Davidians

Benjamin Roden

Most scholars believe Sikhism's roots can be found in this movement.

Bhakti

"In Jain, these are the demi-gods who live in hell"

Bhavanpati

The older sister of Nanak who is often considered his first disciple.

Bibi Nanki

She becomes pregnant when a skull placed in a tree spits in her hand

Blood Maiden

"__ is anyone who, motivated by great compassion, has generated bodhicitta"

Bodhisattva

"According to Gash, his essential teaching was liberation from suffering"

Budda

Mahavira lived around the time of __

Buddha

The creation story in Zoroastrianism is called

Bundahishn

___ signifies that destiny has summoned the hero and transferred his spiritual center of gravity from within the pale of his society to a zone unknown.

Call to adventure

"he said Whenever one moves out of the transcendent, one comes into a field of opposites. "

Campbell

This was one of the most developed Neolithic towns in Anatolia.

Catal-Huyuk

This Daoist movement identified 5 classes of women.

Celestial Masters

"According to this African tribe, humans descended to earth on a Gossomer thread from a spider web."

Chagga

"In Zoroastrian myth, this is the bridge to the Other World"

Chinvat

This law led to establishing boarding schools for Native Americans

Civilization Fund Act

"If God made the natural laws, why could he not violate them when it was a particularly significant moment for him to do so?"

Collins

He argued that God is the answer to all of those How must it have come to be questions.

Collins

"For him, human religion and society can be described in 3 stages"

Comte

This book details Augustine's spiritual journey

Confessions

"In 1881, he became the president of the Watch Tower Society"

Conley

She mirrors the health of the dead person's soul

Daena

The untouchables often refer to themselves as

Dalit

He argued that as organisms become more complex the need to adapt increases

Darwin

"He cited Ezekiel 9 as proof only 144,000 would be saved"

David Houteff

"In 1934, he founded the Universal Publishing Association"

David Houteff

His theology focused on Isaiah 54-66

David Houteff

The Davidians were founded by

David Houteff

He changed his name to David Koresh

David Koresh

He wrote The God Delusion

Dawlins

This was the prototype in Sikhism of the gurdwara

Dharamsala

"The idea that Jesus never had a body, only the appearance of one"

Docetism

"This religious text begins with the words ""What Tian has ordained is called human nature"

Doctrine of the Mean

"This religious text begins with the words "What Tian has ordained is called human nature"

Doctrine of the Mean

The focus of this religious text is self-betterment or cultivation.

Doctrine of the Mean

A religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things.

Durkeim

Of the four sources in Genesis this is the oldest

E

They believed Jesus was the last of the prophets

Ebionites

This was the name given the Church at Jerusalem

Ebionites

"In this tribe, Olokun has is god of fertility"

Edo

The Canaanite goddess who called Abraham

El Shaddai

"As a teenager, he was given this name which means 'one you can trust.'"

El-Amin

"In Judaism, he ascended into heaven in a fiery chariot"

Elijah

Founder of the Seventh Day Adventists

Ellen White

He once owned all the cattle on earth.

Enkai

The son of Isaac who should have received the covenant

Esau

"Orisha of chance, accident and unpredictability"

Eshu

Jesus may have been a member of this sectarian group who lived in the Dead Sea area

Essenes

This prophet apparently had mystical visions

Ezekiel

He argued that intention and consequence don't matter - only the moment does

Fletcher

In 1959 she gathered her followers at Mt. Carmel

Florence Houteff

Director of the National Human Genome Research Institute

Francis Collins

"At death, the soul is united with its"

Fravashi

The Zoroastrian term for guardian angel.

Fravashi

He argued that humans experience themselves as both a part of and apart from the physical world

Fromm

"A better translation of ""Vanity of Vanities"" could be "

Futility of futilities

This African tribe believes death is the result of the anger of the first woman.

Gikuyu

This tribe recognizes several categories of the spirits of the dead.

Gikuyu

Gobind Singh was born

Gobind Rai

"Killed by Angra Mainyu, its seed became the moon & plants"

Goshorun

In the 17th Century he compiled the Adi Granth

Guru Arjan

He found mystical significance in the letters of the alphabet

Guru Nanak

He argued that the art of war develops only late in human evolution.

H. H. Turney-High

These are reports about the life of Mohammed collected by those close to him

Haddith

Sarah's handmaiden who gave Abraham his first son

Hagar

"As was the custom, Mohammed was raised by a wet nurse named"

Halima

This biblical story was used to justify racism

Ham

"According to the Navajo, this enters through human breath to direct human actions and thoughts. "

Holy Wind

They believed that humans in this life are imperfect but will find perfection after death

Hopi

He is NOT one of the major prophets

Hosea

"Born in Bulgaria, he would break from the Adventists over biblical interpretation"

Houteff

"Among the Quiche Maya, the heart of heaven, called ___ prepared the earth for humans."

Huracán

"Among the Quiche Maya,the heart of heaven, called ___ prepared the earth for humans."

Huracán

Peniel means

I have seen the face of god

The Yoruba system of divination

IFA

In Jain there are a number of references to this god who predates Jain and whom we know little about

Indra

The name given to the period from 300 BCE to 300 CE

Intertestamental

Earth of the Day of the Fish

Izubay Minne

His blood falls to earth as clouds of rain

Izubay Minne

"In 1931, he was the one who changed the name of the Watchtower Society to Jehovah's Witnesses"

J.F. Rutherford

He was the last of Mahavira's disciples to achieve Kavala

Jambu

He assassinated Gobind Singh

Jamshed Khan

In 1919 the leaders of this group were jailed for sedition.

Jehovah's Witnesses

"This word mean ""Holy War"" in Islam"

Jihad

His question is never answered

Job

This gospel is an apologia to the Mandeans

John

He founded the Yoruba Christian Church.

Josiah Oshirelu

He believed humans share a common collective unconscious.

Jung

He believed that there are common psychological symbols which can be found in all human cultures.

Jung

This plague effected the life & times of Mohammed

Justinian's

"In Jain, these are the luminous demi-gods who live above the earth"

Jyotishka devas

"In Hebrew, this word means ""received tradition"""

Kabbala

The point of this Jewish document is to reconnect heaven and earth

Kabbala

The Hindu word for time and death is the same - it is

Kala

In Jain, the current age is called

Kali Yuga

These two aims of life in Hinduism apply to the householder stage

Kama and Artha

In Sikhism was is the word for Abode of Faith

Katarpur

"Eventually, Mohammed married a wealth widow whose name was"

Khadija

The avatar that is the end of time

Khalki

"Before hunting, according to Campbell, he saw a great heart."

King Arthur

The Great Ark of the Pure Earth

Kora Na

The eighth avatar of Vishnu is

Krishna

The High God of the Dinka is called

Kwoth

"Among this tribe, at puberty, boys take a vision quest"

Lakota

Confucius' mentor

Lao Tzu

He is reputed to be the author of the Dao de Jing

Lao Tzu

"According to this law, a male relative had to provide a deceased male with a son"

Law of Onan

"In Confucianism, this term means ritual, virtue."

Li

In 1978 she became the leader of the Branch Davidians

Lois Roden

The Daoist divine patron of business owners.

Lord Guan

In Hinduism Nataraja

Lord of the Dance

He is credit with starting the Protestant Reformation

Luther

"In Jain, the place where liberated souls go in the lower spokes of time"

Mahavideha

Tantrik developed from

Mahayana

This form of Buddhism believed Buddha to be the earthly expression of ultimate reality

Mahayana

This form of Buddhism is called the Great Vehicle

Mahayana

Zen developed from

Mahayana

This African rebellion was against German colonial interests

Maji Maji

They believed Jesus was the Prophet of Lies

Mandeans

They believed that the Logos was god's active force

Mandeans

"Largely because of the influence of this group, Mary had to be a virgin"

Manicheans

The oldest of the four gospels

Mark

This gospel originally ended with an empty tomb

Mark

Mohammed was born in this city which was already a religious center

Mecca

He believed every human has the inherent ability to be a sage

Mencius

He reaffirmed moral cultivation to be a religious calling.

Mencius

This class or family held the position of Ministry of Works

Meng

This idea changed from military to spiritual over a 300-year period

Messiah

This transformation occurred during the Intertestamental Period

Messiah becomes a religious figure

The final stage of conversion to Judaism involves immersion in a pool called

Mikveh

Confucius eventually held this position

Minister of Crime

"When the First Man and First Woman mate with these people, various groups of humans were created"

Mirage People

At the core of the Torah tradition lies the concept of

Mitzvot

"According to this tribe, there is a special relationship between humans and grizzlys"

Modoc

This caused the schism in Islam that survives today

Mohammed left no clear successor

Release or liberation in Hinduism

Moksha

This is recited in Sikhism at the beginning of Amrit Sanshar

Mul Mantra

This location proved to be the remains of a major gnostic community

Nag Hamadi

"In Jain, this is the realm of hellish creatures"

Naraka

This tribe believes illness results from social conflict.

Ndembu

In this culture a boy and girl are killed when having intercourse

New Guinea

These two great councils ultimately defined Pauline Christianity

Nicean & Chalcedon

The ?j?vika school is known for its

Niyati (Fate )

This Zoroastrian holiday honors Amesha Spenta

Nowruz

The Mountain God in Maasi religion

Ol Doinyo Lengai

Goddess of the Moon in Maasi Religion

Olapa

"In Confucianism, from the Dao comes the"

One

Two pillars of Maasi culture

Oodo Mongi and Orok Kiteng

"In the Navajo creation myth, he brings the First Man and First Woman back together"

Owl Man

Third wife of Shango

Oya

They were the first five disciples of Nanak

Panj Piare

Monist Hinduism is

Pantheistic

This was Houteff's call to Adventists to reform

Partial List of Abominations

He argued science and religion will always clash.

Paul Bloom

At that this Jacob changed his name to Israel

Peniel

This name means 'I have seen the face of god and lived'

Peniel

"In Greek myth, she is the great serpent's bride"

Persephone

This Jewish group believed in the immortality of the soul

Pharisees

The 'Image of the Womb of Amma'

Po Tolo

This position argues that the death of God on the cross can only mean god is dead

Protest Theism

The sky came from his head - according to Hinduism

Purusha

The god often depicted as a featured serpent among the Aztecs.

Quetzalcoatl

The god-king of the south Indian province of ____ had to sacrifice himself at the end of the length of time required by the planet Jupiter for a circuit of the zodiac - roughly 12 years.

Quilacare in Malabar

This Jewish mystic taught god withdrew into itself

Rabbi Isaac Lauria

The avatar of bravery and chivalry

Rama

He wrote The Myth of the Birth of the Hero

Rank

"In Confucianism, this term means benevolence, virtue, humanness."

Ren

Seeing things as they are in Buddhism is called

Right View

This story shows how Christians reappropriated Hebrew Scripture

Road to Emmaus

"In Hinduism, this is the cosmic regularity of time"

Rta

Confucianism is also called

Ruism

"In 1916, he died unexpectedly at age 64."

Russell

He believed that 1914 would mark the end of a 2520 year period & usher in the end of time

Russell

He believed that 1914 would mark the end of a 2520-year period & usher in the end of time

Russell

He believed that in 1874 Christ had returned as an invisivble spirit

Russell

The concept that 'ultimate reality' has form and attributes.

Saguna Brahman

This is the word for promoting concentration in Buddhism

Samadhi

"In this African religion, they believe god is found in mountains, rivers, streams."

Samburu

"The continuous cycle of birth, death, and rebirth in Buddhism"

Samsara

The cycle of birth and death in Hinduism is

Samsara

The prophet who opposed Saul

Samuel

"First king of the Jews, he was ineffective."

Saul

This council was called to address issues surrounding discipline of Buddhist monks

Second

"According to Sethian Gnostics, he married his sister"

Seth

Sethian Gnostics claims this biblical person as their founder

Seth

Who was Azura?

Seth's wife & sister

"According to Fromm, he showed to what degree social scientists distort the picture of societies under their observation by judging them from what seems to be the ""nature"" of economics, just as they come to conclusions about the nature of man from the data, if not of modern man, at least of man as we know him through most of his civilized history."

Shalins

This word refers to the conservative Islamic law

Sharia

The Davidians were originally called

Shepherd's Rod

"Among the ____, the priests, who were the only ones knowing the will of God (whom they called Nyakang), saw to it that the king was killed after a term of seven years"

Shilluk

Ceremony that reaffirms the earth's connection to Sirius

Sigui

Performed every 60 years

Sigui

When the sun and Sirius come together

Sigui

This religion believed there were no Hindus or Muslims.

Sikhism

This first century religious leader is often cited as the Father of Gnosticism

Simon Magus

"In some forms of Gnosticism, she is associated with the creation of evil"

Sophia

The wise man who returns in Yoruba religion is called

Sotunde

The caretaker of the souls of the dead in Zoroastrianism

Sraosha

The reuniting of the two placentas in Dogon religion is called

Taba Tolo

This Jewish text is a collection of oral traditions

Talmud

The actual meaning of Ha Satan

The Accuser

Unlike Christian Scripture which is open to interpretation

The Quran means what it says

Buddha means

The awakened one

Kshatriya in Hinduism refers to

The caste of warriors

This distinguishes the hero from the shaman

The hero is more human

___ emotionally disturbing glimpse of death as the life of the living is the fundamental motivation supporting the rites around which the social structure of the early planting villages was composed.

The interdependence of death and sex

"Among the Dogon, Ogo becomes"

The pale fox

He was a 19th century advocate of Zionism

Theodor Herzl

This is called The Way of the Elders

Theravada

This Greek festival was exclusively for women.

Thesmophoria

"According to this Adventist Doctrine, only 144.000 will be saved"

Three Angels Message

This is one of the basic Adventist doctrines

Three Angels Message

The exercise of Dao in Confucianism is one way of thinking about

Tianming

He believed religion is ultimate concern

Tillich

"According to Gash, this Buddhist text provides a rich ethics."

Tripitaka

"This group of Hindu texts means ""sitting down near (a teacher)"""

Upanishads

David had him killed in order to take Bethshaba

Uriah

He waged war against syncretism of Islam & indigenous religions in Africa

Usman dan Fodio

Valentine's Day comes from this Gnostic-Christian group

Valentinians

Mahavira's birth name was

Vardhamana

Jain may have been established when this period was ending.

Vedic

Nine of the ten avatars of the avatar of Brahman have appeared

Vishnu

"Ahura Mazda creates Good Thought, also called"

Vohuman

"In 1890, at this place, Lakota were killed doing the Ghost Dance"

Wounded Knee

"In 1890, he established a second Ghost Dance,"

Wovoka

Jesus' name was

Y'hosua ben Yosef

"Though we have been taught to perceive this god as good, Gnostics believed it was evil"

Yahweh

"In Gnosticism, he created Eve to get power stolen from Sophia back"

Yaldabaoth

"In Hinduism, time is personified in the god of death "

Yama

This tribe throws the placenta of a baby into a river at birth.

Yansi

"During this ritual, 72 chapters of the Avesta are read."

Yasna

"Among the Yoruba, Mother of Waters, Nurturer of Water Resources."

Yemoja

"According to this tribe, the Jump Dancel was taught to them by Immortals"

Yurok

This form of Buddhism stresses practice over doctrine.

Zen

"In the 11th Century, he establish 4 goals for his life."

Zhang Zai

"According to this text, the ultimate person is spirit-like."

Zhuangzi

"This Confucian text is divided into 3 sections - inner, outer and miscellaneous"

Zhuangzi

In Confucianism this term means spontaneity.

Ziran

They regarded the Navajo and the Hopi as their young siblings.

Zuni

Mohammed received his first revelation in

a church

In Navajo myth this is used to bring women and men back together

a raft

"In Gnosticism, creator of the physical universe"

a rebellious demi-god

"In the 1880s, this was a reaction to the rise of science"

a rebirth of fundamentalism

"From the time he was 10 until he was 14, Mohammed worked as "

a shepherd & caravan merchant

A life __ culture is not likely to create technology

affirmative

The opening chapter of the Quran is called

al-fatihah

"In Gnosticism, at the end of time this will happen"

all of these

"In a life negative culture, this is always true"

all of these

"Thinking about Navajo myth, this is true"

all of these

Mohammed's grandfather was

all of these

The three jewels of Jain faith include

all of these

This is the cup of immortality in Sikhism

amrit

"In Gnosticism, the demi-gods are created by"

an unknowable god

Brahman can only be described via general attributes: infinite being (sat) infinite awareness (chit)

and infinite bliss (Ananda)

"Among the Quiche Maya, the first creation is the creation of"

animals that can't talk

Most African religions are __ that is they see humans as the center of the cosmos.

anthropocentric

This Greek word means revelation

apocalypse

"According to Jung birth, death, separation from parents, initiation, marriage, the union of opposites are examples of ______."

archetypal events

"The great mother, father, child, devil, god, wise old man, wise old woman, the trickster, the hero, are all examples of ______."

archetypal figures

"History, culture and personal context shape these _____ thereby giving them their specific content."

archetypal images

In Gnosticism to achieve salvation one must

attain knowledge

The Pali canon is divided into three divisions or

baskets

She created the first Navajo people from her own body.

blood maiden

"In Navajo myth, the second world is colored"

blue

"In West Africa, this is the name for spirits who possess people"

bori

Rabbinic Jews argued that Jesus was

born out of wedlock

The ascent of humans from the underworld is symbolically

breaking the hymen

The most important event in Solomon's reign

building of the temple

"This first stage of the mythological journey which we have designated the ""____"" signifies that destiny has summoned the hero and transferred his spiritual center of gravity from within the pale of his society to a zone unknown."

call to adventure

In the Mahayana Trikaya there are five __

celestial buddhas

"Among some Native American cultures, they connect the sacred & the earth"

certain dwellings

Religion fulfills the need for

certainty

Ritual chanting and singing that takes place over days

chantways

"According to Jung, this is one of the primordial images"

circle

In many Native American cultures time is

circular not linear

"According to Fromm, ___ is institutionalized, organized by permanent chieftains, and aims at conquest of territory and/or acquisition of slaves and/or booty."

civilized war

"In the creation myth of the Hopi, humans are led from the underworld by"

clowns

"From a Jungian perspective, Mary"

completes the Quaternio

The kara in Sikhism symbolizes

connection to God

For Darwin __ is a function of the need to adapt.

consciousness

"According to the Quiche Maya, humans are created from"

corn meal and water

Among the Cherokee she produced corn through the trickery of her son & his friend

corn woman

This chemical is released in our bodies when we feel threatened

cortosol

This chemical shuts down the immune system

cortosol

A woman who is virtuous but not obedient to her husband cannot

cross into heaven

In myth time is primarily

cyclical

"In this Maasi ritual, the recently dead are helped into the afterlife."

dama

"In Chinese folk religion, these are the 3 central nodal points in the body"

dantian

"In the Popul Vuh, the gods introduce this to keep humans from being like them"

death

The Apostles' Creed was intended to

define the orthodox expression of faith

Darwin failed to see that the rise of science would

demythologize humans

"Thinking about Comte, the whole of human evolution can be described as"

demythologizing ourselves and the world

"In larger mythological terms, the innermost cave is like"

descending into the underworld

"In Buddhism, the cause of suffering is "

desire

"In Jain, unlike Hinduism, Krishna is a "

devious trickster

The kirpan in Sikhism symbolizes

devotion to truth

"As if to stress his connection to ordinary humans, the hero"

dies

In Sikhism Kirat Karna

doing good things

The flat earth was believed to be covered by

dome of the heavens

The main body of the Arabian Nights was written between the ___ centuries C.E.

eighth and fourteenth

This Greek word means end of time

eschaton

"Earth, air, fire and water in Sikhism all come from "

ether

"According to the book, Judaism can be described as"

ethical monotheistic

This literary genre is designed to give us an idea of how things came to be as they are.

etiology

"In most life negative religions, the earth or physical body is identified with"

evil or corruption

"This person often attempts to distract the hero from his fate, only to fail."

father

"Animism belongs to this stage, according to Comte"

fetishism

The seventh stage of creation in Zoroastrianism

fire

"Where science seeks to demythologize the world, this seeks to re-mythologize it"

fundamentalism

Qoheleth means

gatherer

"According to Campbell, the ultimate word in our language for that which is transcendent is ____."

god

"Prior to Bruno, ___ was the center of the universe"

god

The Akal Parakh is the Sikh term for

god

In Pauline Christianity this had to be true in order to fix our relationship with God

god had to enter history

"This word in Sikhism is used in multiple contexts, one of which is as a reference to god"

guru

"According to Russell, 1874 was supposed to begin"

harvest of the Golden Age

"In Gnosticism, the creator god"

has a plan that includes defeating evil

"If it weren't for Constantine, Christianity might"

have disappeared

"In these Gnostic texts, god is envisioned as "

having male & female elements

"Paul's answer to the questions ""If he were the messiah why did he die this way"""

he had to

"In the Navajo creation myth, the first set of twins were"

hermaphrodites

"According to Campbell, ____ is someone who has given his life to something bigger than himself or other than himself."

hero

The manifestation of the sacred is called ___

hierophany

He is Sidhartha's first mentor

his charioteer

Much of Mohammed's knowledge of politics came from this man

his grandfather

Who did Seth marry according to some Gnostics?

his sister

"In Gnosticism, the Messiah had to be"

human and divine

"This doctrine argues that Mary was created free from original sin, specifically to mother Jesus"

immaculate conception

"In this phase, the hero experiences radical doubt about who he is and what he is to do"

innermost cave

"As this diminishes, the need to adapt increases according to Darwin"

instinct

A scientifically worded attempt to show that blanks in the evolutionary narrative are more meaningful than its very convincing totality

intelligent design

The Buddhist idea that all things are somehow related.

interdependent origination

"According to Smart, NOT one of the 7 dimensions of religion."

introspection

"As if to stress the importance of the hero, his mother"

is impregnated by a god or divine being

"By comparison to the Navajo, death in Mayan mythology"

is not natural

"In Gnosticism, the end of history"

is the defeat of evil

"Among the Pueblo, the ancestral spirits are known as"

kachinas

In Jain this frees the jiva from the effects of karma.

kavala

Navajo rite of passage for a girl.

kinaalda

The central human figure in Maasi religion

laibon

Religions which use dualism to explain the nature of humans are usually

life negative

The journey to the inner most cave can also be thought of as

like Jonah going into the belly of the whale

"In Sikhism, Kamm is"

lust

"In Apache mythology, ___ faces downward while ___ faces upward."

male/female

"A __ is the period during which the earth is ruled by a particular Manu, the father of man."

manavantara

"In the Vedas, this word refers to the magical powers of the gods"

maya

The spiritual half of the universe in Zoroastrianism is called

menog

Penentheism is also known as

monistic monotheism

"The ____ of the Neolithic religion is not only the mistress of wild animals. She is also the patroness of the hunt, the patroness of agriculture, and the mistress of plant life."

mother goddess

"According to Campbell, ___ are clues to the spiritual potentialities of the human life."

myths

A life __ culture is inherently aggressive.

negative

"For those who have ___, the first encounter of the hero-journey is with a protective figure (often a little old crone or old man) who provides the adventurer with amulets against the dragon forces he is about to pass."

not refused the call

"The creator of the (material) universe is, according to Gnosticism"

not the supreme god

Human spiritual consciousness in the physical realm

ori-inu

In evil in the physical world in Zoroastrianism is not the fault of

original sin

Bhakti Marga is

piety

Circumcision in Jerusalem symbolically stood for

possession by god

Quran means

recitation

"In Yoruba religion, this occurs within families."

reincarnation

Navajo healing ritual is called

sand painting

In Zen this is the spontaneous realization of Enlightenment

satori

This archetype is often used to explain Mary's role in salvation history

second eve

Religion has very little policy influence and science garners great support in a

secular

"According to the Manicheans, Adam & Eve didn't sin, they were"

seduced by an evil demi-god

Haumi in Sikhism is

self-centeredness

The shura refers in Hinduism to the ___ caste.

servant

Islam has been present in Africa since

seventh century CE

"According to the Manicheans, however pleasurable this might be, it weakens the soul"

sex

"Often male, this person stands at the intersection of all axes of the Quaternio"

shaman or hero

"In Jain there are two types of jivas, these are"

stationary and mobile

This is caused when we try to hold on to what cannot be held on to.

suffering

"In Native American religions, creation is often attributed to"

super humans

Cross cultural pollination

syncretism

"When a religion does not identify a single founder, this is often true."

syncretism shaped the religion

Jung rejected this theory of human psychological development.

tabula rasa

This is the term for reality or truth in Jain

tattva

Augustine belonged to this Manichean group

the Hearers

The Manichean community was divided into two groups the Elected and

the Hearers

The path between suffering and liberation in Buddhism

the Middle way

Most Gnostics identify the figure of Christ with

the Son of Man

The world Bible comes from the Latin Biblica meaning

the books

"From the Hebrew perspective, the fall occurred because "

the gods felt threatened

The myths and folk tales of the whole world make clear that ___ is essentially a refusal to give up what one takes to be one's own interest.

the hero's refusal to heed the call

"In Hindi cosmology, Purusha's mind became"

the moon

The two original schools of Buddhism disagreed about

the nature of the soul

in Hinduism Grihastha is

the second Ashrama

"Aversion, attachment and ignorance are called"

the three poisons

"In a life negative culture, humans emerge from"

the underworld

"Symbolically, the whole of creation in Apache myth takes place in"

the womb of the earth

Why do bad things happen to good people?

theodicy question

A possible reason why Jain has never focused on preserving its history

time is cyclic

"Among nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes, memories are attached"

to places

The name Mohammed is from Arabic Hamada which means

to praise or glorify

The blood maiden becomes pregnant when she

touches the skull

"In Islam, the Sunnah is "

tradition or way of life of the prophet

This character is often an animal who has adventures & engages in mischief.

trickster

"Jains believe them to be humans, not demi-gods or avatars of the gods"

trithankaras

Many Native American religions recognize a third gender called

two-spirit

"When his grandfather died, Mohammed was given to his"

uncle

The Zoroastrian term for soul.

urvan

The catalyst for the hero's confrontation with his fate

usually is unaware of what he is doing

It became doctrin in Christianity that Mary even though she might have had other children

was forever a virgin

"In Navajo myth, monsters are the product of"

women masturbating with objects