Philosophy of Mind

software vs hardware

software is the mind programming of a function; hardware is the material or body (like a robot) that performs the software.

phantom limb

The sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached to the body and is moving with other body parts, causing pain, tingling, or creating sensation.

intentionality

behavior with the intention of accomplishing a goal

mind-body problem

The difficulty in understanding how the mind and body influence each other - so that physical events can cause mental events, and so that mental events can cause physical ones; The mind-body problem in philosophy examines the relationship between mind and matter, and in particular the relationship between consciousness and the brain.

qualia

The feeling of emotions; the internal and subjective component of sense perceptions, arising from stimulation of the senses by phenomena; , the qualitative aspects of the mind (e.g. what it's like to be in pain or see the color blue), -describes properties of our subjective experiences, such as perceptions of thing

clear and distinct ideas

an idea that is present to an attentive mind and is neither confused in itself nor with any other idea.

searle's biological naturalism

consciousness emerges at certain levels of anatomical organization.

macro elements

context - questions, culture, religion, society

Judy Foreman and chemical love

dopamine plays a big role in the excitement of love and that oxytocin is key for the calmer experience of attachment. Judy Foreman is the journalist who wrote the article in 2009 in the Los Angeles times

explanatory gap

gap in trying to explain connection between the mind/body; human experience cannot be explained by running tests on the brain

problem of interaction

how can the intellect be immaterial when no one can imagine how the immaterial can interact with the material?, mind-body interaction problem, how can a spiritual thing interact with a material?

micro elements (lower level)

immediate surroundings such as family, school, peer group you daily interact with.

unity of consciousness

invented by Kant to describe the fact that the thoughts and perception of any given mind are bound together in a unity by being all contained in one consciousness-my consciousness

materialism

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that matter is the only reality

physicalism

(philosophy) the philosophical theory that matter is the only reality

pain

-unpleasant sensory & emotional experience associated w/ actual or potential tissue damage; mental and/or physical pain

functionalism

An approach to psychology concerned with the adaptive purpose, or function, of mind and behavior

indivisible things vs. divisible things philosophy

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unextended things vs. extended things

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Cartesian body

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aspect of familiarity

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Henry and Henryetta

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center vs. periphery

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anti-reductionism

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Holism

A concept that considers the whole person; the whole person has physical, social, psychological, and spiritual parts that are woven together and cannot be separated.

simulation

A method that is used to study and analyze the characteristics of an actual or theoretical system.

consciousness

A person's subjective experience of the world and the mind.

cortisol

A stress hormone released by the adrenal glands that helps the body prepare for fight or flight by promoting the release of glucose and lipids in the blood for energy metabolism

artificial intelligence

A sub- discipline of computer science that attempts to simulate human thinking

Turing test

A test proposed by Alan Turing in which a machine would be judged "intelligent" if the software could use conversation to fool a human into thinking it was talking with a person instead of a machine.

subjectivity

A treatment of subject matter that uses the interior or personal view of a single observer and is typically colored with that observer's emotional responses.

Capra's syndrome

Also known as Capras Delusion - a misidentification syndrome a person believes that someone close to them has been replaced by an imposter who looks identical to the real person. It most commonly occurs in patients also suffering from paranoid schizophrenia

monism vs dualism

Mind-Body Problem:

David Chalmers

Australian philosopher and cognitive scientist specializing in the area of philosophy of mind and philosophy of language.; Chalmers is best known for his formulation of the notion of a hard problem of consciousness in both his 1996 book and in the 1995 paper "Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness".He makes a distinction between "easy" problems of consciousness and the single hard problem, which could be stated "why does the feeling which accompanies awareness of sensory information exist at all?"

the puzzle of consciousness

Book by David Chalmers in which he examines the "hard problem". The hard problem is the question of how physical processes in the brain give rise to subjective experience. This puzzle involves the inner aspect of thought and perception: the way things feel for the subject.

binding problem

Definition: refers to the process used by the brain to combine the results of many sensory operations into a single preception

Cartesian dualism

Descartes's view that all of reality could ultimately be reduced to mind and matter.

UCSB study

Dopamine, oxytocin, vasopressin, serotonin ????????? read study

dualism

How mental activity can be reconciled and coordinated with physical behavior., Descartes theory that the body and mind exist as separate entities

reality

In Freudian Theory, the governing principle of the ego that takes into account what is practical and acceptable in satisfying basic needs.

reductionism

Involves reducing complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study

semantics vs syntax

Meaning vs Structure (rules)

monism vs. dualism

Monism: mind & body are connected; Dualism is the idea that the mind and body are separate yet intertwined. Monism is the idea that man is made of no more than his biology; he has no mind or soul.

emergent properties

New properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases

system features

Properties of a complex thing which are not possessed by any of its individual parts (e.g. water)

dualistic inter-actionsim

René Descartes, The view that there are two types of substances or realities in conscious beings, mind and matter, and that these interact with each other, the body producing mental events and the mind leading to physical actions.

dualistic interactionism

René Descartes;, The view that there are two types of substances or realities in conscious beings, mind, and matter, and that these interact with each other, the body producing mental events and the mind leading to physical action

role of God

To connect our human world with God

argument from indivisibility

Two arguments for the separation of mind and body

robots

a form of artificial intelligence - invented by Lycan??????

Cartesian mind

a mental substance that is a part of a larger, mixed-substance object, that has purely physical substance (a body) as a part; A Cartesian mind is responsible for that body's mental life: its feelings, thoughts, and intentional actions

first person vs. third person perspective

a narrative method using the point of view (including opinions, thoughts, and feelings) of only of the narrator, and no other characters vs. a method of storytelling in which the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in the story

boundary conditions

an assumption on which rests the validity or effect of something else

The hard problem of consciousness

read text on Chalmers and his theories of easy and hard problems

Chinese Room argument

the man inside is just the room is manipulating symbols to produce Chinese language behavior; he does not understand Chinese since his rule book is in English; because the Turing Test doesn't specify how the machine can trick the person, it doesn't work

simulation vs. reality

the theoretical vs. the practical and acceptable

prairie voles and monogomy

these animals, male and female, were found to release dopamine during mating; When a monogamous prairie vole mates, vasopressin is released and it activates receptors in certain areas of the brain that are involved in pleasure and reward. And they're actually the same areas of the brain that amphetamines and cocaine act on to produce addiction.