Philosphy Unit 1 Quiz

Physical Impossibility

A thing is physically impossible if it violates the laws of nature. Ex. Bench pressing the titanic

sufficent condition

All that has to occur before something happens (guarantee)

A shape having four sides is a sufficient condition for it being a rectangle.

False

It is physically possible for humans to be immortal.

False According to our biology, immortality is not conceivable.

Since magic violates the laws of physics, Harry Potter's powers are not logically possible.

False. Magic is not physically possible since it breaks the laws of physics, but it is logically possible. Something can be logically possible but not physically possible. Since magical powers don't involve a contradiction, they are logically possible.

If an argument is valid, then that means that all of its premises have to be true.

False. Validity has to do with the structure of an argument, not with whether any of the premises are true or false. An argument can be valid, which means it involves proper reasoning, but still have a false premise.

If an argument is invalid, it means that it has at least one false premise.

False. Validity has to do with the structure of an argument, not with whether any of the premises are true or false. If an argument is invalid, then it does not involve proper reasoning. But it's possible for an argument to jump to a conclusion even if all of its premises are true.

nessasary condition

Has to occur for something to happen. Ex. To be president of the united states you have to be at least 35 years old

Cartesian Dualism

He believed that there were two kinds of substance: matter, of which the essential property is that it is spatially extended; and mind, of which the essential property is that it thinks. (Mind and body)

Selena will buy some shampoo or perfume. She bought perfume. Therefore, Selena didn't buy shampoo.

Selena's purchase of perfume doesn't unequivocally exclude the possibility of her also acquiring shampoo. The argument's assumption doesn't align with the premise, making it invalid.

David will buy a smoothie or an energy bar. He bought an energy bar. Therefore, David won't buy a smoothie.

This argument is invalid.

If Tyra plays Fortnite, then she plays video games. Tyra does not play Fortnite. Therefore, Tyra does not play video games.

This argument is invalid. The argument jumps to a conclusion. Fortnite is not the only video game. So Tyra could play games on her phone or on a console and still not play Fortnite.

If Lionel works in Florida, then he works in the United States.Lionel does not work in the United States.Therefore, Lionel does not work in Florida.

This argument is valid.

If an animal is snake, then it is a mammal. Cobras are snakes. Therefore, cobras are mammals.

This argument is valid.

A shape having four sides is a necessary condition for it being a rectangle.

True

Something being logically impossible is a sufficient condition for it being physically impossible.

True

It is logically possible for humans to be immortal.

True There is no logical reason to reject the idea that people are immortal.

X being a falcon is a sufficient condition for X being a bird.

True because a Falcon can be a bird

Being a player for the Miami Dolphins is a necessary condition for being an NFL player.

True that in order to play in the NFL, you must represent a club, such as the Miami Dolphins.

If Kendrick cursed out his boss, then he will get fired. Kendrick didn't curse out his boss. Therefore, Kendrick didn't get fired.

Valid because Kendrick didn't curse out his boss. He didn't do anything.

Logically Impossible

something is logically impossible if and only if it violates a law of logic ex. square triangle