Phlebotomy Practice Exams Missed Questions

Inappropriate sites for venipuncture include:

-Arm on side of mastectomy -Edematous areas -Arm where blood is being transfused -Scarring -Fistulas or vascular grafts -Sites above IV

Test that require immediate chilling include

-Arterial gases -Ammonia -Lactic acid -Pyruvate -ACTH

Compilations for capillary sampling include

-Collapse of veins -Osteomyelitis of the heel bone -Nerve damage -Hematoma -Loss of access to venous branch -Scarring -Necrosis

Cause for rejection of a specimen

-Incorrect or unlabeled samples -Collection in improper container -Presence of an inappropriate preservative -QNS -Incomplete documentation of chain of custody -Unsuitable specimen for required analysis

How long should a tube be pre-warmed in an incubator prior to collecting a warmed specimen, such as Cold Agglutinins?

30 mins.

RBC, WBC, and platelets make up what percent of blood volume

45%

There are ____ types of white blood cells in human blood

5

ACD stands for

Acid Citrate Dextrose

CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) is used for

Digestive system testing

Types of connective tissue

Fat, blood, cartilage, bone

GTT stands for

Glucose Tolerance Test

Peak and trough is completed to determine whether a medication

Has reached therapeutic drug levels

Hct stands for

Hematocrit

Failure to allow alcohol to completely dry during sit preparation can lead to

Hemolysis

Anticoagulant for ABG specimens is

Heparin

Osteomyelitis

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow caused by bacterial infection

Osteochondritis

Inflammation of bone and cartilage

Phlebitis

Inflammation of the walls of a vein

Arthritis

Inflammatory condition of the joints

A failure to fast can impact a blood sample by

Increasing its turbidity, will produce lipemic sample

LH stands for

Leutinizing Hormone

A safe area for capillary puncture in infants is the

Median or lateral plantar surface of the heel

In the blood count, a "shift to the left" usually refers to an increased number of immature

Neutrophils (type of white blood cell)

An individual with this blood type can donate to individuals w/ any of the four blood types

O, lacks antigens, is universal donor

PSA stands for

Prostate Specific Antigen

Abnormal bone function caused by a lack of vitamin D in the diet is known as

Rickets

If patient grabs arm and complains of a severe, shock-like shooting pain

Struck nerve, remove needle & apply pressure

What can reduce your risk of infection after being exposed to a bloodborne pathogen such as Hep B or HIV?

Taking a post-exposure prophylaxis

PSA is used to

Test for prostate cancer

ABG test commonly measures

pH, CO2, O2

Plasma

-Liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension -Contains fibrinogen (clotting protein)

Serum is

-Neither a red or white blood cell -Plasma w/ the clotting proteins removed -Liquid that separates out when blood coagulates

For infants, what is the maximum length lancet that should be used for a fingerstick?

.85mm

Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) samples need to be run within how long of collecting?

15 min.

If a blood specimen is to be obtained for the trough level of a drug, the best time to draw blood is usually

15 min. before next scheduled dose

For adult patients, what is the maximum length lancet that should be used for a fingerstick?

2.2mm

How long does it take for the body to replace 500ml of blood?

6-8 weeks

How long does it take for blood to circulate your body?

60 sec.

Blood accounts for how much of total body weight

7-8%

A group of blood tests is known as

A profile or panel

When a patient exhibits symptoms of herpes zoster (measles), these precautions should be taken

Airborne

What can be done to make drawing easier on a patient with rolling veins?

Anchor the vein

Agglutination of RBC results from a reaction between

Antigens and antibodies

What may still occur during arterial puncture even when using good technique and proper procedures?

Arteriospasm, because it is a reflex

BT stands for

Bleeding Time

D-dimer tests assess

Blood clotting issues

Septicemia can be detected by

Blood culture

Hematuria

Blood in the urine

Septicemia

Blood poisoning caused by bacteria

CK stands for

Creatine Kinase

Increased levels of ___________ are associated w/ heart attack

Creatine Kinase

The nerve most often injured w/ venipuncture is ths

Median nerve

Potassium EDTA combines to what element in the blood?

Calcium

In what location are nutrients and gasses exchanged in the body?

Capillaries

This blood bank test is used to check for unsuspected antibodies and antigens in the recipient's and donor's blood that could cause severe reactions during transfusion

Compatibility testing

What color tube is used for trace metal analysis?

Dark Blue

Transfer of an infectious agent via droplets larger than 5micrometers in diameter is known as

Droplet transmission

ESR stands for

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

A sign w/ a picture of fall leaves may be used to indicate

Fall precautions

Inanimate object that can transmit infectious agents from one individual to another

Fomite

Wearing artificial nails especially increases the risk of harboring

Gram-negative bacteria

What color tube is used for an electrolyte panel?

Green; centrifuge within 45 min

One of the reasons serum is more often used for tests than plasma

It contains more antigens, so it can carry out a wider variety of tests. Additionally, anticoagulants found in plasma may interfere with some tests.

A hydrogen breath test can be used to detect

Lactose intolerance

What color tube is used for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate?

Lavender

What color tube is used for a Reticulocyte Count?

Lavender

What color tube contains Sodium Polyanethenol Sulfonate (SPS)?

Light Yellow

What tube contains the reversible anticoagulant citrate?

Light blue

Hematoma

Localized collection/swelling of blood outside vessels

HbA1c is used to

Monitor diabetic patients

What test can be conducted using either serum or plasma specimens?

Mono test

What tube contains Thrombin for STAT serum testing?

Orange or Grey/Yellow Tiger Top

Small red or purple spots on the body, caused by a minor hemorrhage

Petechiae

What color tube is used for blood banking?

Pink

55% of blood is?

Plasma

Thrombocyte

Platelet

PLT stands for

Platelets

POCT stands for

Point of Care Testing

What does PP stand for

Post prandial

Use of povidone iodine for site preparation can result in a false increase of

Potassium, phosphorous, or uric acids

QNS stands for

Quantity Not Sufficient

XDP stands for

Serum Crosslinked Fibrin

Lipemic blood refers to a condition where

Serum is milky white

Medical Asepsis

State of being free of pathogenic microorganisms

Edema

Swelling caused by fluid retention

The "lubb" or first sound of the heartbeat is caused by

The closing of the AV valves

When preparing to draw a gentamycin peak and trough, what element should the phlebotomist pay particular attention to?

The timing instructions

TSH stands for

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

This substance can interfere with coagulation tests by activating the extrinsic coagulation pathway

Tissue thromboplastin

Blood agent

Toxic chemical that affects the body by being absorbed into the blood

Albumin is used in

Urinary system testing

NOT a cause of hemolysis

Using a larger-than-needed needle

Proper technique for needle insertion includes

Using an L hold

Eosinophil count is a blood test that measures the number of

White blood cells

Having shoulder length hair _____ a violation of general laboratory safety rules

is not