Phlebotomy Practice Exams Missed Questions
Inappropriate sites for venipuncture include:
-Arm on side of mastectomy -Edematous areas -Arm where blood is being transfused -Scarring -Fistulas or vascular grafts -Sites above IV
Test that require immediate chilling include
-Arterial gases -Ammonia -Lactic acid -Pyruvate -ACTH
Compilations for capillary sampling include
-Collapse of veins -Osteomyelitis of the heel bone -Nerve damage -Hematoma -Loss of access to venous branch -Scarring -Necrosis
Cause for rejection of a specimen
-Incorrect or unlabeled samples -Collection in improper container -Presence of an inappropriate preservative -QNS -Incomplete documentation of chain of custody -Unsuitable specimen for required analysis
How long should a tube be pre-warmed in an incubator prior to collecting a warmed specimen, such as Cold Agglutinins?
30 mins.
RBC, WBC, and platelets make up what percent of blood volume
45%
There are ____ types of white blood cells in human blood
5
ACD stands for
Acid Citrate Dextrose
CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) is used for
Digestive system testing
Types of connective tissue
Fat, blood, cartilage, bone
GTT stands for
Glucose Tolerance Test
Peak and trough is completed to determine whether a medication
Has reached therapeutic drug levels
Hct stands for
Hematocrit
Failure to allow alcohol to completely dry during sit preparation can lead to
Hemolysis
Anticoagulant for ABG specimens is
Heparin
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow caused by bacterial infection
Osteochondritis
Inflammation of bone and cartilage
Phlebitis
Inflammation of the walls of a vein
Arthritis
Inflammatory condition of the joints
A failure to fast can impact a blood sample by
Increasing its turbidity, will produce lipemic sample
LH stands for
Leutinizing Hormone
A safe area for capillary puncture in infants is the
Median or lateral plantar surface of the heel
In the blood count, a "shift to the left" usually refers to an increased number of immature
Neutrophils (type of white blood cell)
An individual with this blood type can donate to individuals w/ any of the four blood types
O, lacks antigens, is universal donor
PSA stands for
Prostate Specific Antigen
Abnormal bone function caused by a lack of vitamin D in the diet is known as
Rickets
If patient grabs arm and complains of a severe, shock-like shooting pain
Struck nerve, remove needle & apply pressure
What can reduce your risk of infection after being exposed to a bloodborne pathogen such as Hep B or HIV?
Taking a post-exposure prophylaxis
PSA is used to
Test for prostate cancer
ABG test commonly measures
pH, CO2, O2
Plasma
-Liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension -Contains fibrinogen (clotting protein)
Serum is
-Neither a red or white blood cell -Plasma w/ the clotting proteins removed -Liquid that separates out when blood coagulates
For infants, what is the maximum length lancet that should be used for a fingerstick?
.85mm
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) samples need to be run within how long of collecting?
15 min.
If a blood specimen is to be obtained for the trough level of a drug, the best time to draw blood is usually
15 min. before next scheduled dose
For adult patients, what is the maximum length lancet that should be used for a fingerstick?
2.2mm
How long does it take for the body to replace 500ml of blood?
6-8 weeks
How long does it take for blood to circulate your body?
60 sec.
Blood accounts for how much of total body weight
7-8%
A group of blood tests is known as
A profile or panel
When a patient exhibits symptoms of herpes zoster (measles), these precautions should be taken
Airborne
What can be done to make drawing easier on a patient with rolling veins?
Anchor the vein
Agglutination of RBC results from a reaction between
Antigens and antibodies
What may still occur during arterial puncture even when using good technique and proper procedures?
Arteriospasm, because it is a reflex
BT stands for
Bleeding Time
D-dimer tests assess
Blood clotting issues
Septicemia can be detected by
Blood culture
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
Septicemia
Blood poisoning caused by bacteria
CK stands for
Creatine Kinase
Increased levels of ___________ are associated w/ heart attack
Creatine Kinase
The nerve most often injured w/ venipuncture is ths
Median nerve
Potassium EDTA combines to what element in the blood?
Calcium
In what location are nutrients and gasses exchanged in the body?
Capillaries
This blood bank test is used to check for unsuspected antibodies and antigens in the recipient's and donor's blood that could cause severe reactions during transfusion
Compatibility testing
What color tube is used for trace metal analysis?
Dark Blue
Transfer of an infectious agent via droplets larger than 5micrometers in diameter is known as
Droplet transmission
ESR stands for
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
A sign w/ a picture of fall leaves may be used to indicate
Fall precautions
Inanimate object that can transmit infectious agents from one individual to another
Fomite
Wearing artificial nails especially increases the risk of harboring
Gram-negative bacteria
What color tube is used for an electrolyte panel?
Green; centrifuge within 45 min
One of the reasons serum is more often used for tests than plasma
It contains more antigens, so it can carry out a wider variety of tests. Additionally, anticoagulants found in plasma may interfere with some tests.
A hydrogen breath test can be used to detect
Lactose intolerance
What color tube is used for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate?
Lavender
What color tube is used for a Reticulocyte Count?
Lavender
What color tube contains Sodium Polyanethenol Sulfonate (SPS)?
Light Yellow
What tube contains the reversible anticoagulant citrate?
Light blue
Hematoma
Localized collection/swelling of blood outside vessels
HbA1c is used to
Monitor diabetic patients
What test can be conducted using either serum or plasma specimens?
Mono test
What tube contains Thrombin for STAT serum testing?
Orange or Grey/Yellow Tiger Top
Small red or purple spots on the body, caused by a minor hemorrhage
Petechiae
What color tube is used for blood banking?
Pink
55% of blood is?
Plasma
Thrombocyte
Platelet
PLT stands for
Platelets
POCT stands for
Point of Care Testing
What does PP stand for
Post prandial
Use of povidone iodine for site preparation can result in a false increase of
Potassium, phosphorous, or uric acids
QNS stands for
Quantity Not Sufficient
XDP stands for
Serum Crosslinked Fibrin
Lipemic blood refers to a condition where
Serum is milky white
Medical Asepsis
State of being free of pathogenic microorganisms
Edema
Swelling caused by fluid retention
The "lubb" or first sound of the heartbeat is caused by
The closing of the AV valves
When preparing to draw a gentamycin peak and trough, what element should the phlebotomist pay particular attention to?
The timing instructions
TSH stands for
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
This substance can interfere with coagulation tests by activating the extrinsic coagulation pathway
Tissue thromboplastin
Blood agent
Toxic chemical that affects the body by being absorbed into the blood
Albumin is used in
Urinary system testing
NOT a cause of hemolysis
Using a larger-than-needed needle
Proper technique for needle insertion includes
Using an L hold
Eosinophil count is a blood test that measures the number of
White blood cells
Having shoulder length hair _____ a violation of general laboratory safety rules
is not