Physics Chapter 1

A theory in the field of science is a)an educated guess b)less than a fact c)a synthesis of a large body of well tested knowledge d)unchangeable

c)a synthesis of a large body of well tested knowledge

Pseudoscience is best characterized as being a)new age b)an alternate view to be take seriously c)fake d)all of the above

c)fake

When we see a half Moon in the sky, the lines between Earth, Moon, and Sun a)are equal in length b)are parallel to one another c)form a right triangle d)all of the above

c)form a right triangle

Science, art, and religion normally need not contradict one another because a)all three involve different domains b)choosing the right means no need to heed the other two d)choosing religion and art means no need to heed science c)choosing science means no need to heed religion and art.

a)all three involve different domains

which of the following is a scientific statement? a)candy bon bons contain no sugar b)there are things we will never know about c)matter is filled with undetectable particles d)there are parts of the universe that will never be discovered by humans e) none of the above

a)candy bon bons contain no sugar

Eratosthenes first learned about the position of the Sun in mid-summers by a)consulting library information b)setting up a stick at syene c)setting up a stick at alexandria d)setting up sticks at both syene and alexandria e)none of the above

a)consulting library information

An educated scientific guess is a a)hypothesis b)theory c)either of these d)neither of these

a)hypothesis

Spots of sunlight on the ground cast through openings between leaves in trees above are actually a)images of the sun b)part of a solar eclipse c)due to refraction of sunlight d)all of the above

a)images of the sun

the language of science is a)mathematics b)latin c)chinese d)arabic

a)mathematics

science is concerned mainly with the a)natural world b)spiritual world c)difference between right and wrong d)search for eternal truths

a)natural world

a scientific hypothesis can be disproved with a)one reproducible experiment b)disapproval of other scientists c)many tests by many scientists d)philosophical reasoning

a)one reproducible experiment

the most basic of the sciences of physics, chemistry, and biology is a)physics b)chemistry c)biology d)none of the above

a)physics

Success in science is linked to emphasis on a. experiments. b. luck. c. trial and error. d. philosophical discussions.

a. experiments.

In science, the idea of prediction is a. part of the scientific method. b. not as useful as when gambling or testing your luck. c. now outmoded. d. contradictory to making scientific hypotheses.

a. part of the scientific method.

Eratosthenes made measurements to calculate the a. size of Earth. b. size of the Earth, Sun, and Moon. c. distance between Earth and the Moon. d. All of these.

a. size of Earth.

The size of the Moon's shadow on Earth is a. smaller than the size of the Moon. b. about the same size as the Moon. c. larger than the size of the Moon. d. incapable of being observed.

a. smaller than the size of the Moon.

facts in the field of science a)are absolute b)are changeable c)mean very little d)are more important than theories

b) are changeable

technology is mainly a)a body of scientific knowledge b)a tool of science c)whats wrong with the world d)a solution to all of mankind's problems

b)a tool of science

a strength of science is that scientific theories are a)are fixed b)can change with new data c)are the hypotheses of brilliant people d)are verifiable

b)can change with new data

A simple method of measuring the distance between the Earth and the Moon is to place in your line of sight to the Moon a a)magnifying glass b)coin c)telescope d)meter stick

b)coin

the scientific method is most effective in a)making hypotheses b)gaining, organizing, and applying new knowledge c)discovering new things d)making theories e)performing experiments

b)gaining, organizing, and applying new knowledge

When a dishonest scientist reports false information, he or she a) as in many other professions, will be excused by the scientific community. b)gets no second chance in the scientific community c)is elevated in the scientific community

b)gets no second chance in the scientific community

Scientific equations in a conceptual course are mainly a)recipes for plugging in numerical data b)guides to thinking about the relationships between concepts c)for mathematical problem solving d)a confusing way of explaining ideas

b)guides to thinking about the relationships between concepts

The classic scientific method, espoused by Galileo and Bacon, is a)the method guaranteed to lead to scientific discoveries b)one of the many ways that scientific discoveries are made c)today outmoded and of little values d)required memorization in the very best schools

b)one of the many ways that scientific discoveries are made

the statement, "there are regions beneath earth crust will always be beyond the read of scientific investigation" is a)a fact b)speculation c)a hypothesis d)a scientific statement e)a theory

b)speculation

Great advances in science occurred with the invention of a)books b)the printing press c)devices of torture to encourage truth d)religious ways of looking at things

b)the printing press

For a scientific hypothesis to be valid, there must be a test for proving it a)right b)wrong c)conclusively one way or the other

b)wrong

A fact in science is something that a. is forever true. b. may change over time. c. cannot be denied. d. agrees with ancient records.

b. may change over time.

The safest way to view an image of the sun is to use a)a telescope b)binoculars c)a pinhole d)colored glasses

c) a pinhole

Science is an organized body of knowledge about nature and also a a)a guide to improving human behavior b)recipe for avoiding conflicts c)process for finding connections in nature d)handbook for establishing truth

c)process for finding connections in nature

more important than a test for proving a hypothesis right is a test for a)knowing full well that it is right b)proving more than one way that is right c)proving it wrong d)elevating it to a scientific theory

c)proving it wrong

The size of the images of the Sun on a sidewalk beneath a sunlit tree depends on a)the size of the openings between leaves above b)whether or not the openings between leaves are circular c)the distance between the sidewalk and the openings between leaves above d)how close the location is to the equator

c)the distance between the sidewalk and the openings between leaves above

the sizes of both the moon and the sun are the same in the sky, which indicates the a)both have the same diameters b)both are at the same distance from earth c)the smaller moon is closer to earth than the sun d)both the moon and the sun circle earth

c)the smaller moon is closer to earth than the sun

A person who says, "that's only a theory" likely doesn't know that a scientific theory is a a)guess that involves many facts b)hypothesis of sorts c)vast synthesis of well-tested hypotheses and facts d)guess that may or may not be factuals

c)vast synthesis of well-tested hypotheses and facts

Science is a body of knowledge that a)describes order in nature b)is an ongoing human activity c)condenses knowledge into testable laws d)all of the above e)none of the above

d) all of the above

Eratosthenes' measurements of Earth's size involved a)a deep well in syene b)a pillars shadow in alexandria c)surveying the distance between alexandria and syene d)all of the above

d)all of the above

To a fair approximation, early greeks knew the a)size of earth b)size of the moon c)earth-moon distance d)all of the above

d)all of the above

When the Sun shines on the Moon, the Moon casts a shadow a)at all times b)that is tapered c)that sometimes falls on earth d)all of the above

d)all of the above

a truly educated person is knowledgeable about a)science b)the arts c)religion d)all of the above

d)all of the above

technology is a tool that can a)be socially beneficial b)be socially harmful when abused c)lead to a better world d)all of the above

d)all of the above

which of the following involves passion, talent, and intelligence? a)art b)literature c)music d)science e)all of the above

d)all of the above

which of these can be a source of passion in daily life? a)art b)science c)religion d)art,science,religion

d)art,science,religion

science and technology are a)responsible for all the good in the world b)responsible for all the bad in the world c)actually one and the same d)fundamentally different from each other

d)fundamentally different from each other

the synthesis of a large collection of information that contains well tested and verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the world is known as a scientific a)fact b)hypothesis c)law or principle d)theory e)none of the above

d)theory