Physics Exam Review

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An absolute temperature of 110 K is the same as what Celsius temperature?

-163 degrees Celsius (110-273=-163)

The unit for unit of specific heat is _______.

J/kg * K

Which of the following is a unit of work?

Joule

Which scientist accurately determines the speed of light and won a Nobel Prize for the work?

Michelson

Mix some 70 degree water and some 40 degree water and you'll get water at ________.

a temperature depending on the masses (or volumes) of the water

A primary pigment and its complement _______.

absorb all light

Which wave is the shortest in the electromagnetic spectrum?

gamma rays

When a club hits a golf ball, the change in velocity of the ball is _____ that of the club.

greater than

If the momentum of an object changes and its mass remains constant, ______.

its velocity is changing, it is accelerating, and there is a force acting on it (all of the above)

The rate at which light energy is given off is luminous flux measured in _____.

lumen

An object that emits radiation is ________.

luminous

The temperature of a system ______ when heat energy is added.

may change phases

What is not an external force?

molecular force

Systems that are left alone tend to move toward a state of ________.

more entropy

Skelly the skater traveling at high speed needs a certain amount of force to stop. More stopping force will be needed if he has _______.

more mass, more momentum, and/or less distance in which to stop (all of the above)

The main problem with the Electromagnetic Theory of Light is _________.

photoelectric theory

When you throw a ball into the air, the total energy of the ball at any point in its flight can be expressed as kinetic ___ potential energy.

plus

What produces 3-D vision?

polarization

Work is not done when you _______.

support the box on your shoulder

When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in its _________.

temperature AND internal energy

The lowest possible temperature in nature is _________.

-273 degrees Celsius

How much heat must be removed from 0.15 kg of water to cool it from 95 degrees Celsius to 25 degrees Celsius? The specific heat capacity of water is 4182 K/kg * K.

-44000J (Q=m*c*triangle T Q= (.15)(4182)(25-95))

A person prevents a 7500 N car with its brakes released from rolling down the hill by pushing with a force of 250 N. How much work has the person done?

0 J

The kinetic energy of an object weighing 50 N perched on the edge of a cliff 25 m high is _____.

0 J

A baseball of mass 0.14 kg is thrown at a velocity of 40 m/s. Its kinetic energy is ___.

110 J (.5*.14*40)

The gravitational potential energy of an object weighing 450 N located 3 m above the ground is _____.

1350 J (450*3=1350)

The temperature of a 2kg metal block rises by 10 degrees Celsius when 8000 J is supplied to it. What is the specific heat of the metal?

400 J/kg degrees Celsius (Q=m*c*triangle T 8000=(2)(10)(c))

Covert 173 degrees Celsius to kelvins.

446 K (173+273=446)

Mix a liter of 70 degree water with 2 liters of 40 degree water and you'll have 3 liters of water at _______.

50 degrees (70+40+40=150/3=50)

If 1375 J of work is done on a mass of 20 kg, it can be raised _______.

7 m (1375=20*9.8*d 7=d)

Glass is transparent to visible light, but not to ______.

BOTH ultraviolet AND infrared light

Which temperature scale labels the freezing point of water at 0 degrees?

Celsius

Impulse can be represented by _________.

F*t

The unit for Kelvin is _____.

K

The unit for heat is _____.

Q

Who first determined the speed of light?

Roemer

The unit for entropy is _____.

S

What is true of blackbody radiation?

Stars are good examples of blackbody radiation.

The greatest change in momentum will be produced by __________.

a large force acting over a long time

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has ________.

a low specific heat capacity

Light exhibits ______.

additive properties

In a gas kept at constant temperature, all molecules move with _____ speed.

average

Temperature is related to the _________.

average molecular kinetic energy in a substance

If a red book is viewed in blue light, it would appear ____.

black

Getting burned by a hot stove is _______.

conduction

Weather patterns are ______.

convection

The pigments required for printing full color pictures are ___________.

cyan, magenta, yellow, and black

Holograms on a credit card are a result of _________.

diffraction

Any object that has energy has the ability to ______.

do work

An internal force _______ the total momentum of the system.

does not change

What is light?

dual nature

Heat is the ________.

energy transferred between objects because of a temperature difference

Two moving objects collide and move apart on paths that are 120 degrees apart. The total momentum of the objects after the collision is ________ the total momentum before the collision.

equal to

When a golfer hits a golf ball, the change in momentum of a golf ball is _____ the change in momentum of the club.

equal to

When a golfer hits a golf ball, the force exerted by the ball on the club is ____ that exerted by the club on the ball.

equal to

A moving freight car runs into an identical car at rest on the track. The cars couple together. Compared to the velocity of the first car, the velocity of the combined cars after collision is _______.

half as large

Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules would have ________.

high specific heat capacities

The momentum change of an object is equal to the _____.

impulse acting on it

According to Julius Sumner Miller, the two basic types of machines are _________.

inclined plane and lever

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy _______.

increases

The color voted out of the spectrum is _____.

indigo

Which is not a unit of power?

kilowatt hour

A hot object has more thermal energy than a similar cold object only because of greater _____ & _____ energy.

kinetic & potential

An object has energy caused by its motion. This is ______.

kinetic energy

Compared to the average speed of light in air, the average speed of light in water is ______.

less

If an object with a velocity of 50 m/s has the same momentum as that of a 10 kg mass having a velocity of 20 m/s, the mass of the object is _______.

less than 10 kg

If an object moving at 20 m/s collides with a stationary object and the two objects move away together, the velocity of the combined objects will be _______.

less than 20 m/s

Specific heat capacity is related to the amount of internal energy _______.

needed to change the temperature of one gram of substance one degree

A system is said to be closed if _________.

no net external force acts on it

Getting a sunburn is ______.

radiation

Heat travels from the Sun to the Earth by ______.

radiation

Which color of light has the longest wavelength?

red

The total amount of energy in an isolated, closed system ____.

remains constant

The reason the sky is blue is that air molecules _______.

scatter blue light

Entropy is closely related to the ________.

second law of thermodynamics

What is not needed to find the kinetic energy of an object?

shape

What is not an electromagnetic wave?

sound

Which property of light causes shadows?

straight line propagation

Entropy measures ________.

temperature as volume increases and messiness

The reason that solar eclipses are seen less commonly than lunar eclipses is that _________.

the Earth's shadow on the moon is larger than the moon's shadow on the Earth

Which has more momentum, a large truck moving at 30 mph or a small truck moving at 30 mph?

the large truck

Albert Einstein earned a Nobel Prize in physics for studying __________.

the photoelectric effect

A ping-pong ball gun is fired. Compared to the impulse on the ball, the amount of impulse on the gun is ______.

the same

The entropy of a system measures __________.

the state of disorder of the system

If no net force acts on a body, __________.

the velocity of the body is constant

A lamp shade is considered to be _________.

translucent

Electromagnetic waves are ______ waves.

transverse

The unit for energy change is _____.

triangle E

The unit for temperature change is _____.

triangle T

Compared to a sports car moving at 30 mph, the same sports car moving at 60 mph has _______.

twice the momentum

The medium through which light will travel but not sound is ______.

vacuum

Momentum can be calculated by multiplying mass by ____.

velocity

Which has the higher specific heat capacity, water or sand?

water

The reason an ocean's temperature doesn't vary much from one season to the next is that __________.

water has a specific heat capacity

What determines the color of light?

wavelength

Electric bills are paid on the basis of the kilowatt-hours of electricity used. The kilowatt-hour is a unit of _____.

work

The temperature of a bottle containing water rises when it is shaken vigorously since ______.

work is done

When red and green light shine on a white paper, the resulting color is ______.

yellow

The human eye is most sensitive to _________.

yellow-green

If two polarized filters are held with their axes at right angles to each other, the amount of light transmitted is ________.

zero


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