Physics Lesson 24
Use this equation to find specific heat capacity, which is the quantity of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C at constant pressure.
Cp=Q/M^T
The same amount of energy will raise all substances the same increment of temperature.
False
The specific heat capacity measures
how much the temperature is raised for a substance with a specified amount of heat.
A calorimeter is the device designed to find the specific heat capacity of a substance. The test material may be combusted or allowed to come to thermal equilibrium with a known substance, such as water. The temperature change is measured and then the specific heat capacity is calculated.
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A thermodynamic system is an object or set of objects considered to be a distinct physical entity to or from which energy is added or removed. The surroundings make up the system's environment. Energy can be transferred to or from a system as heat and/or work, changing the system's internal energy in the process. For gases at constant pressure, work is defined as the product of gas pressure and the change in the volume of the gas.
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Heat of vaporization is the quantity of energy required to evaporate 1 mol of a liquid at constant pressure and temperature.
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Latent heat is the amount of thermal energy absorbed or released by 1 mole of a substance during a phase change.
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Latent heat is the amount of thermal energy absorbed or released by a unit mass of a substance during a phase change. A phase change is the physical change of a substance from one state (solid, liquid, or gas) to another.
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Specific heat capacity is a measure of the energy needed to change a substance's temperature. By convention, the energy that is gained by a substance is positive, and the energy that is released by a substance is negative. Latent heat is the energy required to change the phase of a substance.
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Specific heat capacity, sometimes referred to simply as specific heat, relates mass, change in temperature, and energy transferred as heat.
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Specific heat is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 unit of mass of a substance 1°C, given constant pressure and volume.
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The heat of fusion is the difference between the energy needed to break bonds in a solid and the energy released when bonds form in a liquid.
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The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1° C at constant pressure. The function of a calorimeter is to measure the specific heat capacity of substances.
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A one-kg sample of Subtance X is heated with 1000 J of heat and the temperature rises in the substance 10 degrees C. What is its specific heat capacity?
100 J/kg-k
A 15 g sample was taken from the solid to the gaseous state. The temperature did not change as the sample melted, until 7.10 kJ more had been added, at which time the temperature began to rise again. What is the latent heat of fusion for the substance? (Express it as J/kg)
4.7 x 10^5 J/kg
A hot 0.200 kg brass cube is dropped into an insulated container that has 0.150 kg of water. The water is initially at a temperature of 12.0 degrees C. The final temperature of the water and brass is 20.0 degrees C. If the specific heat capacity of brass is 380.0 J/kg.C, and the specific heat capacity of water is 4186 J/kg.C, what is the initial temperature of the brass cube?
86 Degrees C
Use this equation to find latent heat, which is the energy per unit mass that is transferred during a phase change of a substance.
Q=mL
specific heat
The quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material 1 K or 1ºC in a specified way given constant pressure and volum
Which of the following is a reason that water is used as the heat receiver in a simple calorimeter?
The specific heat capacity of water is well-known.
The slopes of the lines in between the plateaus of the phase changes in a temperature vs. energy input graph for water are
all different, as each phase has its own specific heat capacity.
It is difficult to build a campfire with damp wood because
all the heat goes into evaporating the water, rather than combusting the wood.
The heat of vaporization measures the amount of heat required to
completely change a liquid to a gas.
At the melting point of ice, energy applied to the ice does not change its temperature. That is because the heat becomes the
latent heat of the change from a solid to a liquid.
Specific heat is the amount of heat required to _____________________.
raise the temperature of a kilogram of mass one degree K
latent heat
the heat energy that is absorbed or released by a substance during a phase change
The latent heat of melting is more commonly called
the heat of fusion.
When steam condenses into water, the energy that is released is
the latent heat of vaporization.
calorimetry
the measurement of heat-related constants, such as specific heat or latent heat
phase change
the physical change of a substance from one state (solid, liquid, or gas) to another
In a simple calorimeter, what would you have to know in order to calculate the amount of heat absorbed by the test material before it was dropped into the water of the calorimeter?
the specific heat capacity of water
Steam burns more severely at 100 degrees C than does liquid water at the same temperature because
there is much more latent heat in the steam than in the liquid.