Physiologic Integrity exam 1 review questions

The patient with acute pyelonephritis wants to know the possibility of developing chronic pyelonephritis. The nurse's response is based on knowledge of which disorder that most commonly leads to chronic pyelonephritis?

, Chronic pyelonephritis is usually the result of recurring infections involving the upper urinary tract

The nurse instructs a client with coronary artery disease about use of the short-acting nitrate, sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat). If chest pain occurs, the client should:

. Take one nitroglycerin tablet every 5 minutes for up to 3 doses, and call 911 if the pills are ineffective.

When developing a health teaching plan for a 60-year-old man with all of the following risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), the nurse should focus instruction primarily on the:

. elevated serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level.

A client who has had an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of left lower leg fractures continues to complain of severe pain in the leg after receiving the prescribed IV morphine. Pulses are faintly palpable and the foot is cool. Which action should the nurse take next?

1479 Compartment syndrome symptoms include pain out of proportion and not managed with opioids, pallor, or coolness, and pulselessness. Prompt treatment is necessary. notify health care provider

Which patient is at greatest risk for coronary artery disease

A 65 year old female who is obese with an LDL of 188 mg/dL.

What complication would nurses rely on a speech therapist to assess for in a patient with a tracheostomy?

Ability to swallow

The nurse teaches the parent of a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus about care of the child during acute illnesses if the child is vomiting. Which of the following statements indicate the parent understands the instructions?

Acute illness may evoke counterregulatory hormone response, resulting in hyperglycemia. Pts with diabetes should check BG at least every 4 hours during times of illness.

The client who has been hospitalized for surgery on a broken leg has a past medical history of chronic stable angina. The client reports feeling pressure in the middle of the chest. In addition to administering a dose of sublingual nitroglycerin, what should the nurse do?

Administration of oxygen by nasal cannula will increase the oxygen supply which will decrease the angina. The nurse does not need to call the rapid response team unless the sublingual nitro does not alleviate the pain. Chest compressions and antacid are not indicated in this situation.

A patient with bacterial pneumonia has rhonchi and thick sputum. What is the nurse's most appropriate action to promote airway clearance?

Assist the patient to splint the chest when coughing.

The nurse in post anesthesia care unit (PACU) notes that one of the patient's pupils is larger than the other. What should the nurse do next?

Check the patient's baseline data.

A client with diabetes mellitus has a finger stick blood glucose of 62 mg/dL at 0600. The client denies an unusual symptoms and states "I feel fine." What is the best response by the nurse?

Give the client juice and recheck the blood glucose in 15 minutes. B Rule of 15, hypoglycemia <70

The clinic nurse notes that the medical record states that a client has intermittent claudication. Which of these statements by the client is consistent with this information?

Intermittent claudication is pain experienced with activity for a client with peripheral artery disease "My legs cramp whenever I walk more than a block."

A patient who is receiving general anesthesia has a serum potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L. What should be the nurse's first response?

Notify the anesthesiologist.

The nurse is preparing a patient for abdominal surgery today. When the nurse asks if the patient understands, the patient replies, "No, not really; I talked about several different things with my surgeon, and I am just not sure." What action should the nurse take?

Notify the surgeon of the patient's expressed lack of understanding. surgeon is responsible for consent

Polycystic kidney disease

Polycystic kidney disease is the most common life-threatening genetic disease in the world

Rapid acting insulin has an onset of 15 minutes and should be injected within 15 minutes of mealtime.

Rapid acting insulin has an onset of 15 minutes and should be injected within 15 minutes of mealtime.

A client arrives at the ambulatory surgery center for a scheduled laparoscopic procedure in outpatient surgery. Which information is of most concern to the nurse?

The client is planning to drive home after surgery.

After being hospitalized for 3 days with a right femur fracture, a client suddenly develops shortness of breath and tachypnea. The client tells the nurse, "I feel like I am going to die!" Which action should the nurse take first?

The first priority action is based on ABCs: apply oxygen to address the dyspnea. Most likely this is fat embolism causing the dyspnea.

After surgery, the unconscious client is taken to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). In order to prevent aspiration, the nurse positions the client:

in a lateral "recovery" position. vomiting prevention of aspiration

The client with hypertension has been prescribed metoprolol (Lopressor). Which client comment indicates a need for further instruction?

metoprolol is a beta blocker, not a diuretic "This medication will cause me to pass a lot of urine."