Physiology Test 1: Cell physiology

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A hypertonic solution is one that contains:

a greater concentration of solute than the cell.

movement that requires cell energy is known as

active transport

the uphill movement of a substance through a membrane

active transport

A molecule or other agent that alters enzyme function by changing its shape is called

allosteric effector

which stage of mitosis do chromosome move to opposite end of the cell

anaphase

True or False: Facilitated diffusion is a metabolically expensive process:

false

True or False: The "lock and key" model is used to describe how DNA pairs align.

false

the concentration _ measures the difference form one area to another

gradient

The force of fluid pushing against a surface could be described as:

hydrostatic pressure

a saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than living red blood cel

hypertonic

a red blood cell swells as it entakes water

hypotonic

example of active transport

ion pump

correct order of mitosis

prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase

Transcription can be best described as the:

synthesis of mRNA

type of RNA that has an anticodon

tRNA

the synthesis of proteins by ribosomes using information coded in the mRNA molecule is called

translation

True or False: Cellular secretion can be achieved by exocytosis.

true

True or False: Protein anabolism is a major cellular activity.

true

True or False: Solutes are particles dissolved in a solvent.

true

True or False: Telophase is the "completion phase

true

True or False: The portion of an enzyme molecule that chemically "fits" the substrate molecule(s) is referred to as the active site.

true

True or False: The sodium-potassium pump is an example of an active transport process.

true

True or False: The three processes that comprise cellular respiration are glycolsis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.

true

True or False: normal mitosis results in daughter cells that are gentically identical to the parent cell.

true

example of a cell that performs phagocytosis

white blood cell

osmosis is the _ of water

diffusion

a cell with 46 chromosome is refered to as:

diploid

the process of _ traps extracellular material abd vrungs it into the cell

endocytosis

a chemical catalyst

enzyme

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane in the presence of at least one impermeant solute is referred to as:

osmosis

the term _ is known as the diffusion of water

osmosis

Movement of substance from a region of high concentrations to a region of low concentration is

passive transport

The trapping of bacteria by specialized white blood cells is an example of:

phagocytosis

the energy required for active transport process

ATP

True or False: It is during mitosis II that the number of chromosmes is halved

False

Metabolic agents that cause essential chemical reactions to occur are called:

catalysts

In the DNA molecule, a sequence of three base pairs forms a(n):

codon

type of RNA that carries information

mRNA

process of sex cell reproduction

meiosis

known as the sum of the chemical reactions in a cell

metabolism


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