PM test 2: Chapter 5
_____ uses highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholders—the sponsor, users, business analysts, programmers, and so on—to jointly define and design information systems.
JAD
_____ refers to the process of developing a working replica of the system or some aspect of the system.
Prototyping
_____ involves formal acceptance of the completed project scope by the stakeholders.
Scope validation
Scope refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them
T
In the _____approach for constructing a WBS, you use a similar project's WBS as a starting point.
analogy
The _____ technique for creating a WBS uses branches radiating from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas instead of writing down tasks in a list or immediately trying to create a structure for tasks. a.
mind mapping
The _____ should list and describe all of the deliverables required for the project.
scope statement
A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS.
t
Information from the project charter provides a basis for further defining the project scope.
t
Many information technology projects also require detailed functional and design specifications for developing software, which also should be referenced in the detailed scope statement.
t
Many organizations provide different guidelines and templates for developing WBSs.
t
Mind mapping allows people to write and even draw pictures of ideas in a nonlinear format.
t
Project scope management includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project.
t
Scope creep if not managed well can lead to the failure of information technology projects.
t
The project scope statement should reference supporting documents, such as product specifications that will affect what products are produced or purchased, or corporate policies, which might affect how products or services are produced.
t
The project scope statement, stakeholder requirements documentation, and organizational process assets are the primary inputs for creating a WBS.
t
The scope management plan can be informal and broad or formal and detailed, based on the needs of the project.
t
Scope creep refers to:
the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger.
Scope refers to:
the work involved in creating the products and the processes used to create them.
The _____ approach for constructing a WBS involves refining the work into greater and greater levels of detail.
top-down
The _____ approach for constructing a WBS starts with the largest items of the project and breaks them into subordinate items
top-down
A(n) _____ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project
work breakdown structure
A(n) ____ is a task at the lowest level of the WBS
work package
Which of the following is recommended for the creation of a good WBS?
A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS.
_____ involves defining and documenting the features and functions of the products produced during the project as well as the processes used for creating them.
Collecting requirements
_____ involves reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved.
Defining scope
_____ is a process for identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them.
Use case modeling
_____ involves formalizing acceptance of the project deliverables and during this phase the key project stakeholders, such as the customer and sponsor for the project, inspect and then formally accept the deliverables.
Validating scope
_____ refers to the difference between planned and actual performance.
Variance
Generating ideas by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products inside or outside the performing organization is known as _____.
benchmarking
In the _____ approach, team members first identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible and then aggregate the specific tasks and organize them into summary activities, or higher levels in the WBS.
bottom-up
The main technique used in creating a WBS is _____, which involves subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces.
decomposition
The term ______ describes a product produced as part of a project.
deliverable
A work package must always represent less than 80 hours of work.
f
Deliverables are only product-related, such as a piece of hardware or software.
f
Project scope statements must include the project boundaries, constraints, and assumptions.
f
The WBS is organized solely around project phases
f
The executing tasks of the WBS remain constant from project to project.
f
The format of the WBS dictionary is essentially the same for all projects.
f
The project's size, complexity, importance, and other factors do not affect how much effort is spent on collecting requirements for scope planning.
f
The scope baseline in a WBS consists of the requirements documentation and enterprise environmental factors.
f
The scope of a project is clear and specific from the start.
f
The tasks in a WBS must be developed as a sequential list of steps.
f
work package represents one component of the product that the project aims to deliver.
f
Creating the WBS is a subprocess associated with the _____ process in project scope management.
planning
The ______ documents how project needs will be analyzed, documented, and managed.
requirements management plan
A(n) _____ is a table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed.
requirements traceability matrix
