PN120 Prep U Chapter 1
Which is the preferred educational preparation for a psychiatric nurse?
Bachelor's degree
When comparing the theories of mental illness popular in ancient Greece with those popular in the Middle Ages, which is more applicable to the Middle Ages?
Belief in demonic possession and exorcism was common.
The major goal of the Community Mental Health Act of 1963 was what?
Build mental health centers that would provide mental health care within the local community.
A client with mental illness expresses interest in having a date with the nurse. Which would be the nurse's best response in this situation?
Set boundaries of a professional relationship.
How should the nurse best explain the purpose of the DSM-5 to the client recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder?
"It is used to assist in identifying the underlying causes of your disorder."
A nurse is providing community education about the prevention of mental illness. In response to the question, "What does it mean to be mentally healthy?" which is the nurse's best response?
"Mental health is marked by productivity, fulfilling relationships, and adaptability."
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA) estimates that more than what percentage of Americans aged 18 years and older has a diagnosable mental disorder?
18.6%
What percentage of adults requiring mental health services get the care they need?
25%
Approximately what percentage of homeless people suffer from a severe psychiatric illness of a chronic substance use disorder?
42%
Deinstitutionalization has reduced the number of public hospital beds by what percentage?
80%
Which is a result of deinstitutionalization?
A "revolving door" of repetitive hospital admissions
In the 1970s, state mental hospitals came under increasing scrutiny and many were closed. What was the end result of this trend?
A lack of suitable housing for persons with mental illness
Which individual has experienced the consequences of deinstitutionalization?
A woman who was transferred from a psychiatric hospital to the community because of the hospital's impending closure
The nurse is planning care for a client who has been newly diagnosed with a mental illness. Which should be the nurse's first step in managing this client's nursing care?
Assessment
Chlorpromazine is a drug in which classification?
Antipsychotic
During the moral treatment period, clients were routinely placed into which environment?
Asylums
Initially, the nurse should focus on successfully achieving which goal in order to effectively provide care for a client diagnosed with a mental illness?
Establishing trust and rapport with the client
Which are roles of the psychiatric-mental health registered nurse? Select all that apply.
Care plan implementation, Outcome identification
In the early Christian period, who treated clients thought to be possessed by demons causing their mental illness?
Clergymen
The psychiatric mental health nurse is planning the care of a client. What action best addresses the client's needs in the social domain?
Collaborating with the client's family to organize support
The nursing instructor asks the student to perform an assessment of a mentally ill client. What should the student do when executing this task?
Collect comprehensive data
Which activity is a function solely of the advanced practice psychiatric-mental health nurse?
Conducting individual psychotherapy
Which skill is in the psychiatric-mental health registered nurse's scope of practice?
Evaluating the effectiveness of psychiatric medications
In early Christian times, what was thought to cause mental illness?
Demonic control
The nurse has been unsuccessful in the psychiatric clinical placement and will be obliged to repeat it next semester. The criteria for passing or failing were based on the Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice, which are?
Descriptions of the responsibilities for which nurses are accountable
The nurse recognizes that public education is needed to erode stigma to prevent what?
Discrimination
Who was responsible for much of the reform of the mental health care system in the 19th century?
Dorothea Dix
Freud's personality theory was based on what?
Drives
What is the primary benefit of the DSM-5 to the student nurse's practice with the mentally ill population?
Encourages the building of a knowledge base about the nature of psychiatric illnesses.
How can a nurse best assure the management of personal long-term self-reflection that is associated with professional interaction with clients?
Engage in regular discussions with a formal clinical supervisor
The advanced practice registered nurse is planning interventions for clients in a mental health practice. Which are considered basic level?
Ensuring a therapeutic environment Improving client function and health
In terms of causing disability among people aged 15 to 44 years of age in North America, where does mental illness rank?
First
What is the best safeguard against becoming the focus of client violence for a student nurse?
Following the instructions of the staff regarding all interactions with a potentially violent client
Which is a difference between counseling and psychotherapy?
Generalist psychiatric nurses may perform counseling interventions, but psychotherapy is an advanced practice role.
When providing care to a client, the psychiatric-mental health nurse is implementing the therapeutic use of self. The nurse is applying the concepts based on the work of which individual?
Hildegard Peplau
Who was the first to introduce the concept of interpersonal relations and the therapeutic relationship?
Hildegard Peplau
Which provides the best definition for mental illness?
Inability to function in a manner that manages both external and internal stressors effectively
Which is the most influencing factor that complicates the treatment of people with mental illness in the Unites States?
Insurers' reimbursement decisions
What are the standards of professional performance that a nurse should implement when caring for a mentally ill client? Select all that apply.
Integration of research Collegial interaction Collaboration with clients and their families
Which is a true statement regarding Medicaid?
It covers individuals and families with low incomes.
Which is an inaccurate depiction of self-awareness?
It involves changing one's values or beliefs.
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia has recently become divorced and is living in public housing. How would the DSM-5 best help in planning this client's care?
It is used by the mental health team to identify the psychosocial and environmental factors currently affecting the client.
Until the onset of the Renaissance, the general population held which belief regarding the presence of sickness?
It was punishment for sins and wrongdoing.
Medical insurance coverage for medical illnesses is greater than for psychiatric illnesses. What term best describes this discrepancy?
Lack of parity.
Who opened the first training school for nurses in 1882?
Linda Richards
Who was the first trained nurse in the United States?
Linda Richards
A client refuses to interact with a student nurse during a clinical session. Which would be the most helpful in the immediate situation? Select all that apply.
Listen to the client Show genuine interest in the client's situation
Supporters of the Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act (1963) believed that institutionalization was contributing to what?
Mental Illness
Maintaining a therapeutic environment and promoting growth through role modeling are components of which basic level function?
Milieu therapy
The goal of the deinstitutionalization movement was to achieve which outcome?
Move psychiatric clients out of the hospitals and into the community in an effort to provide a better quality of life for them.
A nurse can accurately identify which personal characteristics that contribute to mental health? Select all that apply.
Sense of responsibility for one's own actions Personal self-awareness Relatively worry free Generally happy with life
The application of psychiatric mental health nursing theory to promote holistic client care in the therapeutic relationship is grounded in the work of which historical figure?
Peplau
Which sets professional standards of care?
Professional nursing organizations
Which intervention is appropriate for a psychiatric-mental health nurse at the basic level of practice?
Promoting symptom management
During the mid-20th century, the focus of treatment centered on treating neurotransmitter dysfunction in the brain. As a result hospital stays were shortened due to the introduction of which?
Psychopharmacology
Which is a clinical activity of only the advanced practice registered nurse?
Psychotherapy
Which mental health service is an advanced-level function?
Psychotherapy
The following events are important in the development of psychiatric-mental health nursing practice. Which event occurred first?
Publication of the first psychiatric nursing text, Nursing Mental Disease, by Harriet Bailey
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is asked to be a guest speaker at a community fund-raising event for mental health services. Which would the nurse emphasize as the primary goal of mental health services?
Recovery from mental illness
What nursing action demonstrates the intended impact of the American Nurses Association (ANA) standards of care on mental health nursing care?
Referring to the standards to determine if a particularly prescribed treatment falls within the scope of a nurse's practice.
A client demonstrates sexually inappropriate behavior toward a student nurse. What is an effective way for the student to respond while protecting and respecting the client?
Report the incident to staff and the clinical instructor so boundaries can be reenforced with the client.
A psychiatric-mental health registered nurse is studying the impact of factors like safety, effectiveness, and cost on the practice and delivery of nursing services. What is this process called?
Resource utilization
Which is a criterion for mental health?
Satisfaction with personal relationships and self
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on a committee that is developing programs that integrate the objectives for mental health and mental disorders, as identified in Healthy People 2020. Which type of program would be least appropriate?
Single substance abuse treatment programs
Dorothea Dix's solution to gain humane treatment for the mentally ill population included what?
State hospitals
A client with mental illness has come to an outpatient mental health clinical for a counselling session with the community mental health nurse. Which areas should be the focus of counselling for this client? Select all that apply.
Stress management, Behavior modification, Communication skills
Which is necessary as a defining feature in mental illness?
The individual must have difficulties in functioning that cause distress and/or impairment of some type.
Which is the greatest barrier to an individual's ability to obtain the most effective and safest psychiatric medication?
These medications are often not covered by the managed care system because they are expensive.
The nurse attempts to speak to a client; however, the client shows no interest in talking. What should the nurse do in this situation?
Understand the client may require the use of silence
What are the individual factors a nurse has to be aware of that may influence the mental health of a client with schizophrenia? Select all that apply.
Vitality, Self-esteem, Biological makeup
One of the primary reforms accomplished by Dorothea Lynde Dix was the ...
establishment or enlargement of state hospitals.
During the 1800s, Pinel believed that the cure for mental illness was ...
moral treatment.