Pol 101 final w/ out ch. 13

Which of the following statements is true about political participation?

African Americans and Latinos are less likely to participate in politics than whites.

Which of the following statements about partisan identification in the United States is most accurate?

Party identification varies significantly by income, race, and gender.

Which of the following statements concerning the representation of women and minorities in the U.S. Congress is true?

Representation of women and minorities has increased over the past two decades but is not comparable to their proportion in the general population.

All of the following are part of the incumbency advantage EXCEPT _________.

Two- Scoop Tuesdays

________ is the single most important political act for most Americans.

Voting

When members of the House and the Senate coordinate two versions of the same bill, they will often use a _______ committee to obtain a single unified bill.

conference

If one enjoys the benefits of a group's collective efforts but did NOT contribute to those efforts, one is called a ________.

free rider

What is the primary variable for predicting the likelihood of joining an interest group?

having a higher income and education.

A senator or representative running for re-election is called the _______.

incumbent

What is the most important and beneficial resource that lobbyists provide officials?

information

The best description of the ideal of pluralism is that

interests should be free to compete with each other for government influence.

What is the most common occupation among members of Congress before coming to Congress?

lawyer

The digital divide refers to the

line separating citizens with Internet access from those without.

State and local party organizations do all of the following EXCEPT

litigate against unfavorable policies.

Which three types of factors influence the decisions of voters at the polls?

partisan loyalty, issues, and the characteristics of candidates

A party's ______ contains it's philosophy, principles, and policy positions.

platform

Interest groups are concerned with the _______ of government, while political parties are concerned with the _____ of government.

policies; personnel

Third-party candidates are better off under

proportional representation

A U.S. senator has a _______ -year term.

6

Organized interest groups enhance American democracy by

representing the interests of large numbers of people and encouraging political participation.

Congressional leaders form _____ committees when they want to take up an issue that falls between the jurisdiction of existing committees, to highlight, or to investigate a particular problem.

select

Which of the following groups have had the highest levels of political participation?

senior citizens (65 and over)

Which of the following methods of political participation was an important part of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s?

sit-ins and marches

Third parties in the United States typically represent

social and economic interests that are disregarded by the two major parties for certain reasons.

Women in the United States are _____ the _____ Party.

somewhat more likely to support; Democratic

Men in the United States are _______ the _______ Party.

somewhat more likely to support; Republican

A political party is an origination

that tries to influence the government by getting its members elected to office.

Who is the incumbent?

the current officeholder, running for re-election

Which of the following foes NOT typically affect an individual's decision to run for elected office?

the individual's ability to meet the extensive list of educational requirements defined by local, state, and federal laws

When do incumbents have difficulty securing supporters and contributors?

when they have experienced negative publicity

What is the ultimate goal of a political party?

winning elections

Members of interest groups in the United States are typically people

with higher levels of income and education.

When did African Americans truly gain voting rights in the United States with feat of reprisal?

1965

On average, more woman vote for _______ candidates and more men vote for _______ candidates.

Democratic; Republican

Since the 1930s, African Americans have identifies as ________.

Democrats

Which of the following is the best definition of the constituent?

It is another name for voter.

Why is it important for interest groups to offer selective benefits?

It is necessary to limit the extent of the free-rider problem.

In contemporary American politics, solid support for the Republican Party comes from the ______.

South and Mountain West

What is one reason that political parties and politicians view Latinos as a critically important group?

The Latino population in the United States is large and rapidly growing.

Who is the Speaker of the House?

The elected leader of the majority party in the House is the Speaker.

Which of the following statement about contemporary American politics is most accurate?

While political elites are highly polarized, most Americans are moderate in terms of public opinion.

What was the main cause for dropping the legal voting age to eighteen?

Young American citizen effectively organized and protested for the right to vote.

Which of the following statement is true about political participation?

Young people are far less likely to participate than older people.

A iron triangle is made up of an alliance between

a legislative committee, an interest group, and and executive agency.

Lobbying is

an attempt by an individual or group too influence the passage of legislation by exerting direct pressure on members of Congress or a state legislature.

The process of allocating congressional seats among the fixits states is called ________.

apportionment

A proposed piece of legislation is a _______.

bill

How can a president's veto be overridden by Congress?

by a two-thirds vote in both chambers

Gerrymandering refers to the

manipulation of electoral districts to serve the interests of a particular group.

Party activists are _____ to contribute time, energy, and effort to part affairs and ______ to hold more extreme views than the party's rank-and-file voters.

more likely; more likely

The frequency with which they must seek re-election makes members of the U.S. House

more responsive to the needs of the local interest groups in the district they represent.

A party activist is an individual who

not only votes but also contributes time, energy, effort, and financial resources to party affairs.

Which of the following is NOT a key factor affecting one's level of political participation?

occupation

Which of the following groups is more likely to support the Republican Party?

the wealthy

Public interest groups differ from other types of interest groups in that

they claim to serve the common good, not just their own particular interests.

Which of the following is NOT a function of interest groups?

to get their members elected to political office.

Throughout its history, American politics has been dominated by _____ major political party/parties.

two

A bicameral legislature is one that has ______.

two chambers or houses

Which of the following is NOT a traditional form or political activity?

visiting a candidate's website

Which of the following is NOT a reform that has attempted to make voting easier?

voter ID laws