Post Module exercise 6 for Module 6
Using the diagram below, determine how much energy is required to take 1 gram from 0 ْC liquid water to 100 ْC water vapor? -180 Calories -720 Calories -640 Calories -100 Calories
-640 Calories
Water in the ocean combines with ______to form carbonic acid, which releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. -Carbondioxide -Carbon monoxide -Hydrogen
-Carbondioxide
Why does ocean temperature change little from day to night? -Fewer clouds over the oceans allows them to soak up more solar energy than land. -High heat capacity of water allows it to absorb a lot of solar energy without changing temperature very much. -Salts in ocean water absorb sunlight during the day and release it at night. -Marine ice caps keep ocean water from heating up too much.
-High heat capacity of water allows it to absorb a lot of solar energy without changing temperature very much.
Which statement best describes surface salinity variation in the global ocean and its causes: -Near the Tropic of Capricorn (23 degrees south) and the Tropic of Cancer (23 degrees N) salinity is highest, due to low precipitation and high evaporation. -In high latitudes, near the poles, salinity is highest, due to the large amounts of runoff from land. -Near the equator salinity is highest, due to high precipitation and low evaporation.
-Near the Tropic of Capricorn (23 degrees south) and the Tropic of Cancer (23 degrees N) salinity is highest, due to low precipitation and high evaporation.
The pycnocline in the ocean is best described as: -The drastic decrease of density of the water from 300-1000m depth, which is directly proportional to the thermocline. -The drastic decrease of density of the water from 300-1000m depth, which is inversely proportional to the thermocline. -The drastic increase of density of the water from 300-1000m depth, which is directly proportional to the thermocline. -The drastic increase of density of the water from 300-1000m depth, which is inversely proportional to the thermocline.
-The drastic increase of density of the water from 300-1000m depth, which is inversely proportional to the thermocline.
Many of the unique properties of water, such as cohesion and its reputation as a universal solvent, come from its atomic structure. What is the characteristic of water's atomic structure that gives it these properties? -Water is dipolar: water molecules are electrically polarized. -Water is covalently bonded: atoms within water molecules are stuck together with covalent bonds. -Water is atomic: atoms within water molecules are stuck together with atomic bonds. -Water is a substitutor: many other ions can substitute for the hydrogen (H) atoms in a water molecule.
-Water is dipolar: water molecules are electrically polarized.
Which of the following is NOT a property of the water molecule: -Water has a high surface tension. -The Hydrogen side of the water molecule has a slight positive charge. -Water has a relatively high boiling point for its mass. -Water has high solubility: it easily breaks down substances whose molecules are glued by ionic bonds. -Water's density drastically increases as it freezes.
-Water's density drastically increases as it freezes.
Water in the ocean combines with carbon dioxide to form carbonic acid, which releases ______ and hydrogen ions. -hydrogen -bicarbonate -carbonate
-bicarbonate
The amount of energy that is necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree C is called the: -latent heat of condensation -latent heat of evaporation. -boiling point elevation. -thermal capacity -calorie
-calorie
In the oceans, all of the following processes decrease local salinity except: -sea ice melting -river runoff -evaporation -precipitation
-evaporation
However, the ocean is not acidic because of a process called carbonate buffering. Carbonic acid can lose a ____________ to form the negatively charged bicarbonate ion. -hydrogen ion -carbonate ion
-hydrogen ion
Typically, salinity in the global ocean is roughly _____________, which can also be written as _______________
3.5% or 35o/oo
