PRD II Exam 2

nonmaleficence

twofold duty to (1) do no harm and (2) prevent harm. It encompasses actual harm, risk of harm, and intentional and unintentional harm. Both the physicians' Hippocratic Oath and the nurses' Nightingale Pledge state that care providers have a duty to cause no harm to patients. Example: When you are careful to prevent medication errors or use an ambulation belt for assisting patients to walk, you honor the nonmaleficence principle.

maladaptive coping

unhealthy choices

communicator

uses interpersonal and therapeutic communication skills to address the needs of the client (counseling, discussing staffing needs, providing HIV education)

counselor

uses therapeutic communication skills to advise clinet about health-related issues (counseling a client on weight loss strategies)

Diagnosis

using critical thinking skills, the nurse analyzes the assessment data to identify patterns in the data and draw conclusions about the clients health status, including strengths, problems, and factors contributing to the problems

ulitarianism/consequentialism

what are the consequences of a decision. ends justify the means

A practicing nurse is aware that continuing education courses are required for license renewal. Which organization can require nurses obtain a specified amount of continuing education (CE) credits? a. American Nurses Association (ANA) b. National League for Nursing (NLN) c. Student Nurses Association (SNA) d. state board of nursing (SBON)

state board of nursing.

patient advocate

supporting clients right to make healthcare decisions when they are able to voice their opinions and protecting client from harm when they are unable to (helping a client explain to his family he does not want anymore chemo)

neuman

systems model

beneficience

the duty to do or promote good. You can think of this principle as being on a continuum with nonmaleficence. At one end of the continuum is beneficence, the duty to bring about positive good; at the other end is the duty to do no harm.

fidelity

the duty to keep promises.

provision 2

the nruses primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, fmaily, gorup, community or population

provision 8

the nurse collabs with other health professionals and the public to protect human rughts, promote health diplomacy, and reduce health disparities

provision 4

the nurse has authority, accounatbility, and responsibility for nursing practices, makes decision, and takes action consistent with the obligation to promote health and provide optimal care

provision 7

the nurse in all roles and settings, advances the profession through research and scholary inquiry, professional standards development, an the genreation of both nrusing and health policy

provision 5

the nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsiblilty to promote health and safety, preserve wholeness of character and integrity, maintain competence, and ccontinue personal and professional growth

ana code of ethics provision 1

the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of every person

provision 3

the nurse promotes, advocates for, and prtects the rights, health, and safety of the patient

provision 6

the nurse through individual and collective effor, establishes maintains and iproves the ethical environment of the work setting and condition of employment that are conducive to safe quality health care

what does a nursing history focus on

the patients responses to and perception of the illness/injury or health problem, the patients coping ability, and the patients resources and support

benner model

the process by which a nurse acquires clinical skills and judgement

LCSC vision

to be recognized as a pioneering nursing program responsive to the needs and expectations of our students and other stakeholders

LCSC BSN Mission

to provide a supportive student-centered learning environment that prepares nursing graduates with the knowledge and skills to meet the nursing needs of the clients they serve, ability to become engaged citizens, advocates, and lifelong learners and competencies to be effective nurse leaders

madeline leninger

transcultural nursing

hean watson

science of human caring

orem

self care deficit

LCSC guiding principles

-we focus on patient safety and quality of care -we embrace the art of nursing as reflected through Professional values and ethical principles -we value partnerships, teamwork, and inter-professional collaboration -we emphasize the science of nursing through quality improvement and evidence-based practice -we create and inclusive environment that promotes diversity

Paternalism

Although viewed by some as beneficence, paternalism (treating others like children) can have negative consequences. For example, you will lose the client's trust if you coerce the client to act based on what you think is best, rather than what the client wishes. Saying, "Trust us; we know what is best for you to do in this situation," may seem to be beneficent because you are trying to support the client and relieve anxiety. However, this paternalistic behavior lacks respect for the patient's autonomy (and therefore represents harm).

What is always the initial action taken

Assessment

The department of nursing at a local hospital is considering changing to charting by exception (CBE). Which example would be a major disadvantage of CBE? Increases the time nurses spend on charting in narrative format Does not clearly identify deviations from normal expectations Requires all providers to document in the same sections of the chart Can increase the risk of omissions in patient care

Can increase the risk of omissions in patient care

.Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, rank the following nursing diagnoses in order of importance, beginning with the highest-priority diagnosis. (Enter using the following format: 1, 2, 3, 4) a. Anxiety b. Risk for infection c. Disturbed body image d. Sleep deprivation

D, B, A, C

Ethics

Ethics is the study of a system of moral principles and standards, or the process of using them to decide your conduct and actions. Ethics helps us to decide what is right or wrong and what actions should be taken in certain circumstances, using a set of well-defined principles and rules

The nurse is administering the 0900 dose of heparin (an anticoagulant) 5,000 units subcutaneously ordered every 6 hours to a patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). At 0800, the patient's laboratory values show partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and clotting times are four times the normal range. The nurse also observes scattered bruising on the patient's abdomen while completing his/her AM assessment. Which actions would the nurse take? Select all that apply. A. Notify the medical doctor/mid-level provider. B. Give subcutaneous heparin, as ordered, to avoid missing a scheduled dose. C. Hold the medication and chart reason in the eMAR. D. Administer an IV dose instead to prevent breakdown by digestive enzymes. E. Document abnormal findings in the health record.

Notify the medical doctor, hold the medication and chart reason in the eMAR, administer and IV dose instead to prevent breakdown by digestive enzymes, document abnormal findings in the health record

Each time the nurse comes into contact with a patient, a systematic observation is made. For which reason is this type of assessment performed? A. Time constraints support small portions of assessment at a time. B. Validating an absence of change eliminates documenting again. C. Critical changes are less likely to occur with frequent checks. Observations minimize the risk of missing an assessment area

Observations minimize the risk of missing an assessment area

provision 9

The profession of nursing, collectively through its professional organizations, must articulate nursing values, maintain the integrity of the profession, and integrate principles of social justice into nursing and health policy.

autonomy

The right to self-determination—to choose and act on that choice. Every competent person has the right to decide their own course of action.

During the initial assessment of a newly admitted patient, the nurse asks about use of nutritional and herbal supplements. For which reason is it important to obtain this information? A. To determine what type of therapies are acceptable. B. To identify if a nutritional deficiency may exists C. To understand the patient's cultural and spiritual beliefs. D. To consider potential interactions with prescribed medication

To consider potential interactions with prescribed medications

Value

Values are ideals, beliefs, customs, modes of conduct, qualities, or goals that are highly prized or preferred by individuals, groups, or society

The nurse is obtaining information from a newly admitted patient during the initial nursing assessment. What difference does the nurse recognize between the nursing history and the medical history?

a nursing history focuses on the effects the health problem has on the patient.

nursing ethics

a subset of bioethics. It refers to ethical questions that arise out of nursing practice. The first things to come to your mind may be the dramatic questions, such as, "Should we turn off the ventilator and allow this patient to die? Should this baby have surgery even though their quality of life will probably never be good?"

roy

adaptation model

direct care provider

addresses the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of the client (listening to lungs sounds, giving medications, client teaching)

change agent

advocated for change on an individual or community (working to improve nutrition at a school)

research consumer

apply ebp (reading journal articles and attending CE

client/family educator

assessing and diagnosing the teaching needs of the clinet, group, family or community. (preop teaching, prenatal education, community classes on nutrition)

3 ways you use nursing theory

assist us in finding meaning in our experiences, organize our thinking around an idea, devleop new ideas and insights into the work we do

what are the four interrelated componenets of self concept

body image, role performance, personal identiy, self esteem,

crisis

build up of stress to the point the person cant handle it anymore

stress

can be developmental, situational, time specific, anticipatory, phsyiological, psychosocial

case managere

coordinates the care delivered to the clinet (coordinator of servives for client with TB)

manageer

coordinating and managing the activies of all members of a team (charge nurse)

bioethics

refers to the application of ethical principles to every aspect of healthcare. Bioethics is concerned with every area of healthcare, including direct care of patients, allocation of resources, utilization of staff, and medical and nursing research.

deontology

right vs wrong, fair or equal (all people deserve equal treatment no matter what)

veracity

duty to tell the truth

secondary health care

early diagnosis and treatment, health restoration

Planning

encompasses identifying goals and outcomes, choosing interventions, and creating nursing care plans

florence nightingale

environmental therory

four factors that contribute to the frequency of nurses moral probles

experience, social issues, theories and ideas from others

justice

fairness

ana code of ethics are the law true or false

false

king

general systems framework

primary health care

health promotion and disease prevention

adaptive coping

healthy choices, reduces negative effects of stress

Staff on a surgical unit express to the manager concerns about not having enough time to complete all wound care while on shift. Which is the initial action the manager takes? a.. Immediately reduce the patient-to-nurse ratio. b. Offer an in-service to help with time-management strategies. c. Help set up a quality improvement committee to assess the issue. d. Report the concern the Nurse Director that shift

help set up a quality improvement committee to assess the issue

virginia henderson

humane and holistic care for patinets

leader

inspiring others by setting an example of positive health and willingness to improve (florence nightingale, walt whitman, harriet tubman)

hildegard peplaue

interpersonal relations

Assessment

involves gathering data about the patient and their health status

implementation

involves performing or delegating planned interventions, this is the step in which you carry out the care plan

What is another disadvantage of CBE

it does not capture the application of critical thinking by the nurse in the provision of care

teritary

long term rehab, care for the dying

morals

morals refers to private, personal, or group standards of what is good or bad, right or wrong

how is nursing practice regulated

nurse practice acts, sbon, ana

What is ADPIE

nursing process-assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation

evaluation

occurs as the last step of the process and involves making judgements about the clients progress towards the nursing care plan

two prominent nurses who propsed theories of caring

patricia benner (primacy of caring model) jean watson (science of human caring)

personal values vs morality from professional values

personal values and morality is what you believe is right or wronga nd professional values are ones that person must adhere to in their workplace

burnout

physical exhaustion, mental and emotional exhaustion

In maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the highest priority

physiological needs and safety.

patricia benner

primacy of caring model