PrepU Chapter 34

the nurse will monitor which clients at risk for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD)? Select all that apply

systemic lupus erythematosus, polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, diabetes

A client is suspected to have chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse will use which glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to aid in this diagnosis?

60 mL/min/1.73m2 or less for 3 months

A geriatric nurse is caring for several clients. Which alterations in health should the nurse attribute to age-related physiologic changes?

A 78-year-old woman's GFR has been steadily declining over several years

With the increased risk of drug toxicity among chronically ill older adults, which statement by the nurse explains why the older adult's kidney is vulnerable to toxic injury?

"the kidney is rich in blood supply and can concentrate toxins in high levels in the medullary portion of the kidney"

Accumulation of nitrogenous wastes such as urea in the circulatory system is an early sigh of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse knows that normal levels of urea in blood are approximately:

20 mg/dL (7.14 mmol/L)

Chronic kidney disease impacts many systems in the body. What is the most common hematologic disorder caused by CKD?

Anemia

Following kidney transplantation, the client is prescribed maintenance immunosuppressive therapy consisting of prednisone, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. While educating the client about the immunosuppressive therapy, which side effects should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

Cardiovascular complications, increased risk of developing cancer, development of metabolic dysfunction

A client is beginning to recover from acute tubular necrosis. During which phase of acute kidney injury will the nurse assess an increase in urine output?

Diuretic phase

The health care provider is reviewing laboratory results of a client. Select the diagnostic test that is considered the best measurement of overall kidney function.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

While assessing a peritoneal dialysis client in the home, the nurse notes that the fluid draining from the abdomen is cloudy, is white in color, and contains a strong odor. The nurse suspects this client has developed a serious complication known as:

Peritonitis

A client has been diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which drug category is usually administered to treat coexisting conditions that manifest early in CKD?

antihypertensive medications

The nurse is caring for a client who has had acute blood loss from ruptured esophageal varices. What does the nurse recognize is an early sign of prerenal kidney injury?

baseline urine output of 50 ml/hr that is now 10 mlk/hr

The nurse caring for four male clients recognizes which client is at highest risk for developing postrenal kidney injury?

client with prostatic hyperplasia

Which dermatologic problem most often accompanies chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

dry skin and pruritus

A nurse is assessing a client for early manifestations of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which would the nurse expect the client to display?

hypertension

The client with substance use disorder was found unconscious after overdosing on heroin 2 days prior. Because of prolonged pressure on the muscles the client has developed myoglobinuria, causing which complication?

obstruction of the renal tubules with myoglobin and damaged tubular cells

A client with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) is presenting with fever and chest pain, especially when taking a deep breath. The nurse detects a pericardial friction rub on auscultation. Which condition does the nurse suspect is common with this stage of kidney disease?

pericarditis

A client in acute kidney injury has marked decrease in renal blood flow caused by hypovolemia, the result of gastrointestinal bleeding. The nurse is aware that this form of acute kidney injujry can be reversed if the bleeding is under control. Which form of acute kidney injury does this client have?

prerenal kidney injury

Which symptom occurs in a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a result of elevated serum phosphate levels and the development of phosphate crystals that occur with hyperparathyroidism?

pruritus

A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is anemic. The nurse will attempt to alleviate the anemia in order to prevent which of the following? Select all that apply.

tachycardia, fatigue, decreased myocardial oxygen

which dermatologic problem most often accompanies chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

dry skin and pruritus

the nurse recognizes that acute renal injury is characterized by which of the following?

rapid decline in renal function

The GFR is considered to be the best measure of renal function. What is used to estimate the GFR?

serum creatinine