PrepU - Foundations Ch. 3

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

help them maintain independence.

A client experiencing symptoms of cold is referred to the specialist for diagnosis and consultation. Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of the health care system?

secondary care

A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with a walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client?

tertiary prevention

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms.

The nurse is addressing primary prevention with a group of college students. Which is an example of a primary prevention measure?

use of condoms and safer sex practices

The nursing instructor identifies the need for further instruction in regards to health and illness when a student makes which statement?

"Self-concept does not influences a person's health."

A 48-year-old client was just diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client has a BMI of 35 and leads a sedentary lifestyle. The nurse informs the client of risk factors for the diagnosis and the need to change diet and exercise behavior. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?

"There is nothing that can be done anyway; chronic diseases cannot be prevented"

What is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.

A client with Crohn's disease in remission is admitted to the nursing unit for follow-up care. The remission state is characterized by:

Disappearance of signs and symptoms associated with the disease

When caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a chronic illness, the nurse understands the importance of promoting health by highlighting which of the following concepts?

Focus on what is possible.

An woman 80 years of age has had a cerebrovascular accident. She has flaccidity of her right side with aphasia. For this client, which of the following activities constitutes tertiary prevention?

Gait training and speech therapy

The nursing instructor is teaching the students about health and wellness and identifies which of the following as the best definition for health?

Health is a state of complete well-being.

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

It focuses on what people believe to be true about their health.

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.

A nurse caring for patients with diabetes knows that this is a characteristic of a chronic illness:

It requires special patient education for rehabilitation.

A patient has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism. The patient states that he finds it nearly impossible to quit drinking because of the deep entrenchment of alcohol use in his circle of friends and line of work. As well, he claims that he thought limiting himself to beer and foregoing hard alcohol would prevent health problems. This patient is exhibiting health consequences rooted in which of the following human dimensions?

Sociocultural and intellectual

A nurse is caring for a patient who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The patient is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a patient with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experience

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?

The Agent-Host-Environment Model

A nurse observes that a patient who has pneumonia is in the recovery and rehabilitation stage of the illness. What statement describes the patient response that the nurse would expect at this stage of the illness?

The patient gives up the dependent role.

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

assisting with speech therapy for a client with a traumatic brain injury

A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp?

health promotion

The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:

high-level wellness

The nurse is working in an acute care setting and performs primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention Which activity performed by the nurse is classified as tertiary prevention?

instructing a client how to use crutches

The nurse is explaining primary and secondary care to the client. Which nursing activity reflects secondary care as provided by the nurse?

ordering a mammogram

The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. What level(s) of health promotion is this an example of?

primary

The nurse is holding a cholesterol screening at a local pharmacy this Saturday morning. What level(s) of health promotion is this screening an example of?

secondary

A woman over the age of 40 years has an annual mammogram. What level of prevention does this represent?

secondary prevention

A client enjoys eating high-calorie carbohydrate meals, but understands her blood sugar can increase sharply, ultimately causing the feeling of butterflies in her stomach as her blood sugar decreases. This is considered

self-concept

Research has shown that the incidence of chronic conditions is increasing. Which lifestyle factor is associated with chronic diseases?

smoking

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with nutritional deficits. Which is the priority intervention for this client?

teaching about intake of food and vitamins

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

tertiary

The definition of chronic conditions can be complex. Which factors would a nurse expect to be included in the definition of chronic conditions? (Select all that apply.)

• Diseases where complete cures are rare. • Diseases that do not resolve spontaneously. • Diseases that have a prolonged course.

Nurses are aware that there is a current trend of an increase in the number of older adults resulting in an increase in the incidence of chronic illnesses. The nurse recognizes that some of the things that are necessary in order for a person to successfully adapt to a chronic illness include which of the following? Select all that apply.

• One must learn to live as normally as possible. • One must maintain a positive self-concept. • One must maintain a sense of hope.

Nurses understand the importance of health promotion and illness prevention. They also know that it is just as important for them to care for their own health needs. Which of the following are reasons that nurses need to care for their health needs? Select all that apply.

• So that they are able to give effective nursing care to others • To enable them to practice more efficiently • To help them serve as role models for clients • To help clients acquire new behaviors by modeling those same behaviors

When providing holistic care to a client, the nurse recognizes that which of the following is necessary? Select all that apply.

• Understand and respect each person's definition of health. • Understand and respect each person's responses to illness.

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

modifiable

A client arrives at a health care facility complaining of pain in the abdomen and diarrhea. The physician diagnoses the client with colitis, an acute illness. Why is colitis considered an acute illness?

onset is sudden

The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which of the following dimensions is the nurse referring to?

physical dimension

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

primary

What is a dynamic state in which a person constantly adapts to changes in the internal and external environment?

health

An elderly patient has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because he lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, he has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of his care is characteristic of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role

A nurse is educating women on the need for calcium to prevent bone loss. What level of prevention does this represent?

primary prevention

What is the definition of wellness?

an active state of being healthy

A 90-year-old woman has a staphylococcus infection in her decubitus ulcer. Staphylococcus is the:

agent

An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation

chronic illness

To be an effective change agent for wellness, the nurse must:

consume a diet low in fat.

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

coronary artery disease

The nursing student who has diarrhea before every test and every clinical understands that this is not a healthy behavior. The student is aware that this negative effect can impact overall health. The nurse recognizes that this student needs to focus on which of the following dimensions of health?

emotional dimension

Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor?

environmental risk factor

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, a problem that was accompanied by a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dLm (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomena?

exacerbation

A nurse working in the ICU understands that illnesses affect both the client as well as the family members. What are some things that often cause stress in family members due to a hospitalization of a family member? Select all that apply.

• Alterations in roles • Economic problems • Alterations in lifestyle • Decrease in social interactions

After studying concepts of health and wellness, the nursing student realizes that many different things influence a client's personal perception of health. Which of the following influences should the student list as factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.

• Family • Culture • Community • Society

What level of prevention is noted when the nurse educates a group of mothers of school-age children on self breast examinations?

primary prevention

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by his personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating understanding of which health model?

Health Belief Model

What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

health