PrepU Nutrition

A nurse administers a continuous tube feeding via an NG tube. How often must the nurse check for residual?

4 to 6 hours

A client visits the nurse complaining of diarrhea every time he eats. The client has AIDS and wants to know what he can do to stop having diarrhea. What should the nurse advise?

Avoid fibrous foods, lactose, fat, and caffeine.

A nurse is teaching a young mother about meal preparation for good nutrition. What is one recommendation of the MyPyramid Food Guide?

Eat whole-grain foods with meals.

A patient scheduled to undergo an abdominal ultrasonography is advised to do which of the following?

Restrict eating of solid food for 6 to 8 hours before the test.

A 12-month-old seen at a walk-in clinic weighed 8 pounds 4 ounces (3.75 kg) at birth. Weight now is 20 pounds 8 ounces (9.3 kg). The nurse determines:

The child weighs less than expected for age.

An infant is to have a scalp-vein intravenous infusion begun. What is an advantage of this insertion site?

The scalp veins are easily visualized.

Which enzyme aids in the digestion of protein?

Trypsin

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

Vitamin E

A client who has bleeding tendencies has a deficiency in which vitamin?

Vitamin K

Which of the following factors is the focus of nutrition intervention for clients with type 2 diabetes?

Weight loss

The nurse is talking with the mother of a 6-month-old who was born at 32 weeks' gestation about nutrition-related concerns. The mother questions the nurse about when additional foods may be added to the diet. She remarks that her older child was started on additional foods between 4 and 6 months of age. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"The addition of foods to your baby's diet may be slightly delayed because of his prematurity."

A client develops chronic pancreatitis. What would be the appropriate home diet for a client with chronic pancreatitis?

A low-fat, bland diet distributed over five to six small meals daily

A patient tells the nurse "my heart is skipping beats again; I'm having palpitations." After completing a physical assessment, the nurse concludes the patient is experiencing occasional premature atrial complexes (PACs). The nurse should instruct the patient to complete which of the following?

Avoid caffeinated beverages.

Which foods should be avoided following acute gallbladder inflammation?

Cheese

During a routine assessment of a patient, the nurse notes that the nails are concave-shaped. Which of the following is indicated on this assessment?

Iron deficiency anemia

What part of the GI tract begins the digestion of food?

Mouth

Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care to ensure adequate nutrition for a very active, talkative, and easily distractible client who is unable to sit through meals?

Offer the client nutritious finger foods.

The nurse is teaching an adolescent with celiac disease about dietary changes that will help maintain a healthy lifestyle. Which of the following foods can the nurse safely recommend as part of the adolescent's diet? Select all that apply.

Potatoes Apples Corn

A patient with liver disease has developed jaundice; the nurse is collaborating with the patient to develop a nutritional plan. The nurse should prioritize which of the following in the patient's plan?

Reduction in sodium intake

At what period of life do nutrient needs stabilize?

adulthood

The nurse is planning care for a client with osteomyelitis. The client is taking an antibiotic, but the infection has not resolved. The nurse should advise the client to:

eat a diet high in protein and vitamins C and D.

A client with cancer of the stomach had a total gastrectomy 2 days earlier. Which indicates the client is ready to try a liquid diet? The client:

has frequent bowel sounds.

The most significant complication related to continuous tube feedings is

the potential for aspiration,

A patient with neurological disorder has difficulty swallowing. The nurse should take special care of the patient's diet because of a potential risk of imbalanced nutrition in the patient. Which of the following measures may be taken by the nurse to ensure that the patient's diet allows for easy swallowing?

Help the patient sit upright when eating and feed slowly

During a routine assessment of a patient, the nurse notes that the nails are concave shaped. Which of the following is indicated by this finding?

Iron deficiency anemia

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving epoetin alfa. What adjunct treatment will the nurse expect the health care provider to order for this client?

Iron supplement

What are the symptoms a nurse should assess for in a patient with lymphedema as a result of impaired nutrition to the tissue?

Ulcers and infection in the edematous area

The nurse is providing nutrition counseling for an obese adolescent. The most effective method for the nurse to obtain a nutrition history from this client is to:

ask her what she ate yesterday if it was a typical day.

The nurse is teaching a premenopausal client about dietary and lifestyle modifications that can reduce the risk factors for developing pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The nurse is describing which type of prevention?

primary

When instructing the client with severe burns about proper nutrition, the nurse should encourage the client to choose which menu for lunch?

roast beef sandwich, milkshake, and cottage cheese

A nurse is caring for a client who had a three-vessel coronary bypass graft 4 days earlier. His cholesterol profile is as follows: total cholesterol 265 mg/dl (6.845 mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) 139 mg/dl (3.603 mmol/L), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 32 mg/dl (0.829 mmol/L). The client asks the nurse how to lower his cholesterol. The nurse should tell the client that:

she'll ask the dietitian to talk with him about modifying his diet.

A mother who is breastfeeding and has known food sensitivities is asking the nurse what foods she should avoid in her diet. Which foods should the nurse advise the client to avoid? Select all that apply.

shellfish eggs peanuts

A patient tells the nurse that she often has a difficult time falling asleep at night. What suggestion offered by the nurse may assist the patient in achieving sleep?

A snack containing carbohydrates and protein

After reviewing the patient's chart, the nurse notes that the patient has been ordered a clear liquid diet. Which meal tray would the patient be allowed to eat?

After reviewing the patient's chart, the nurse notes that the patient has been ordered a clear liquid diet. Which meal tray would the patient be allowed to eat?

The nursing educator has completed an educational program for new nurses on eating disorders in teenagers. Which statement by a participant would indicate a need for further education?

"If they refuse to eat, we need to sit with them and not let them leave the table until they do eat something."

You are providing client teaching for a client undergoing chemotherapy. What dietary modifications should you advise?

Avoid spicy and fatty foods.

A nurse prepares to insert a nasointestinal tube to provide nutrition to a patient. Which of the following is a recommended guideline for this procedure?

Measure tube from the tip of the nose to the ear lobe and from the ear lobe to the xiphoid process.

Which nursing action associated with successful tube feedings follows recommended guidelines?

Check the residual before each feeding or every 4 to 8 hours during a continuous feeding.

The nurse is providing instruction to a patient with acne. The nurse promotes avoidance for which of the following foods? Select all that apply.

Chocolate Ice cream

The nurse is providing diet-related advice to a male patient following a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The patient wants to minimize the volume of food and yet meet all nutritional elements. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse give to the patient about controlling the volume of food intake?

Provide thickened commercial beverages and fortified cooked cereals.

The most common symptom of esophageal disease is which of the following?

Dysphagia

A nurse is discussing nutrition and weight control with clients during a class about diabetes. Which statement best reflects the purpose of nutritional management of diabetes?

To maintain blood glucose levels as close as possible to the normal range to reduce the risk for long-term complications"

The nurse has observed that a patient's food intake has diminished in recent days. What intervention should the nurse perform in order to stimulate the patient's appetite?

Try to ensure that the patient's food is attractive and sufficiently warm.

A client with severe and chronic liver disease is showing manifestations related to inadequate vitamin intake and metabolism. He reports difficulty driving at night because he cannot see well. Which of the following vitamins is most likely deficient for this client?

Vitamin A

When providing nutritional counseling to a pregnant woman with diabetes, the nurse would urge the client to obtain most of her calories from which source?

complex carbohydrates

A nurse is instructing a client who is breastfeeding for the first time that before her milk comes in she should expect to see colostrum, which is described as which color?

creamy yellow

Clients who are receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) are at risk for development of which complication?

fluid imbalances

A client is admitted with multiple pressure ulcers. When developing the client's diet plan, the nurse should include:

ground beef patties.

A patient seeking care because of recurrent heartburn and regurgitation is subsequently diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which of the following should the nurse include in health education?

"Instead of eating three meals a day, try eating smaller amounts more often."

A client is asking about dietary modifications to counteract the long-term effects of prednisone. What is the most appropriate information for the nurse to give the client?

"Increase your intake of calcium and vitamin D."

The parents of an 8 year-old state, "I am happy that our child is healthy," when the nurse says that the child falls into the 95th percentile for BMI. How should the nurse respond?

"For a child a BMI between the 85th and 95th percentile alerts us to the risk for being overweight. Let's talk about your child's diet and activity level."

A client diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia is learning about her prescribed iron supplement. Which additional information would the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?

"If constipation or diarrhea become severe, call your primary care provider."

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client of Muslim faith. Which action demonstrates an understanding of providing culturally competent care?

The client is asked if there are any meal preferences to be included in the care plan.

A nurse is measuring intake and output for a patient who has congestive heart failure. What does not need to be recorded?

Fruit consumption

A nurse is performing health education with a patient who has a history of frequent, serious dental caries. When planning educational interventions, the nurse should identify a risk for what nursing diagnosis?

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements

In the development of a nursing diagnosis for a client who has cachexia and decreased weight, what would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis?

Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

A nurse is caring for a patient who is acutely ill and has included vigilant oral care in the patient's plan of care. Why are patients who are ill at increased risk for developing dental caries?

Inadequate nutrition and decreased saliva production can cause cavities

Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by which of the following pathophysiological processes?

Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa

Which of the following teaching points should the nurse prioritize when teaching school-aged children about nutrition?

Sources of calcium and vitamin D

A 55-year-old patient has hypertension. She has admitted to her physician that she stopped taking her regular medications about 3 months ago and started an alternative, new-age therapy. When the patient asks about herbal remedies to treat her hot flashes, which of the following natural estrogens is the physician likely to recommend?

Soy milk