PrepU Questions (Exam 0 1)

The nurse enters her client's room and finds the infant on a pillow with a bottle propped up while the mother is dressing. What statement should the nurse make?

"You should always hold your baby for feedings instead of propping the bottles."

A parent asks the nurse if her 2-month-old could have bananas yet. The nurse would respond and educate the parent on the nutrition stages of infants by which of these responses?

"In two months you can try bananas if you think she is ready."

Which statement by a school-aged child demonstrates Erikson's psychosocial stage of industry versus inferiority?

"I have friends and I succeed" versus "I have no friends and am incapable."

Kohlberg's theory is frequently challenged as being male-oriented because his original research was conducted entirely with boys.

True

A new mother tells the nurse that she a bought car seat for her infant at a garage sale when she was pregnant but that a friend recently told her that she should buy a new one. Which instruction would the nurse give initially?

Check the expiration date on the car seat

Like many 4-year-olds, Ethan is constantly seeking out and exploring new experiences and repeatedly asking his parents why-type questions. Ethan's behavior suggests that he is successfully navigating an important developmental task within the developmental theory of:

Erikson

Which of the following may occur in nuclear families at a greater level than in some other types of families?

Lack of support people in a crisis

A nurse is conducting an assessment of a family. Which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to use when obtaining information about the family's structure and function?

"Who is the primary decision maker in the household?"

The parents of a 4-day-old infant report concern about his weight loss. What is the best response by the nurse?

"With appropriate nutrition weight gain will commence with a return to the birth weight within 2 weeks."

A nursing instructor is leading a class discussion exploring the various aspects of Erikson's theories of the developmental tasks of toddlers. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which task as a priority for toddlers?

Learning to act on one's own

The nursing instructor is leading a discussion on the theories of growth and development as described by Piaget. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which action as an example of the sensorimotor phase?

Developing an understanding of cause and effect

The nurse from a rural area moves to a large city to work in a family clinic where there are families from a variety of different cultures. The nurse should prioritize which goal as she begins working in this new environment?

Examine her own feelings concerning cultures

In 2007 the World Factbook published statistics that showed the United States still lagged behind other industrialized nations in the incidence of infant mortality. What is one reason that the United States has a higher infant mortality rate than other countries?

Low birth weight

A mother is discussing her 10-month-old boy with the nurse. Which comment indicates a need for teaching?

"He loves being in his walker and 'zips' around the house."

A community health nurse who works with migrant workers instructs the group that their children are in danger of which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Intestinal parasites Low socioeconomic status Lack of immunizations

Which would be a nutritional goal for a preschool client?

Introduce new food gradually and include variety.

Which of the following anticipatory guidance instructions should the nurse give the parents of a 6-month-old?

Keep overhanging tablecloths out of reach and small objects off the floor.

The home care nurse is conducting the final home care visit before a scheduled delivery. The client states, "My baby will not receive any shots, because I do not believe in them!" What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"Immunization helps keep children healthy and from getting diseases."

A young couple are asking the nurse for suggestions on the best way to help their newborn develop properly. Which is the best response by the nurse?

Provide a variety of brightly colored toys.

The nursing process is a scientific method and proven form of problem solving. It consists of what component?

Planning

Based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what type of activities would a nurse recommend to parents of children in the preoperational stage?

Play activities

While on a mission trip, a nurse works with a family who has one husband and several wives. How would this family be documented?

Polygamous family

A nursing instructor is teaching a session investigating infant mortality as a standard measurement of the quality of health care in the country. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which factors as contributing to the high numbers of deaths in the United States? Select all that apply.

Preterm births Maternal complications Congenital deformities and chromosomal abnormalities

A community health nurse is preparing to teach childbirth classes at the local high school. This nurse is actively involved in which type of community health care?

Primary prevention

The nurse is assessing the blood pressure of a pregnant client on a routine prenatal visit. This nurse is employing which level of prevention for this client?

Secondary

A parent of a 4-year-old preschooler asks the nurse about how to discipline her child for bad behavior. The nurse would recommend that the parent take which steps to discipline the child? Select all that apply.

Set consistent limits and adhere to them. Take away the child's favorite toy until behavior improves. Attend only to the good behavior—ignore acting out.

According to Freud, which of the following influences is the primary force that drives an individual's development?

Sexuality

A 6 year old who does not speak English is on bed rest at home and being seen by a home health nurse who speaks only English. The child's mother informs the nurse that her son is very bored, which makes it hard to keep him in bed. What could the nurse do for this patient?

Stack/build blocks with him.

A father mentioned to the nurse that his usually smiling, happy 8-month-old boy was clingy and intensely serious when his grandmother visited from a distant city. The nurse explained the child was experiencing:

Stranger anxiety

A nursing instructor is teaching how home care is easier for some families than others. What should the nurse tell the students is the main cause for this difference?

Structure of the family

A 4-year-old is going to finger paint for the first time. What is the best action for the adult supervisor of this activity?

Support whatever the child paints.

What should the nurse assess to determine if the home is safe for delivery of home care to the client? (Select all that apply.)

The availability of water in the home The availability of electricity in the home The availability of heat in the home The availability of refrigeration in the home

The nurse is examining a 2-year-old girl for speech and language development. Which finding would suggest a delay in speech development?

The child does not use the names of familiar objects.

The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a scheduled visit. Which findings might suggest a developmental problem?

The child does not vocally respond to voices.

The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for a hospitalized 6-year-old. Which behavior would warrant nursing intervention?

The child does not want to play games with other children on the hospital ward.

A 16-year-old child is admitted to the hospital for treatment after a motor vehicle crash. Review of the child's record reveals that the child is an emancipated minor. What does this mean?

The child has the legal right to consent to and make decisions for treatment.

A new mother reports that she is exhausted and that the little sleep she gets is determined by her baby. Which suggestion should the nurse prioritize to help the mother establish healthy sleeping patterns in her infant?

Use the crib for sleeping only, not for play activities.

A young woman who is 28 weeks' gestation has hyperemesis gravidarum and has been ordered both IV fluids and enteral feedings at home. Which of the following should the home care nurse include in her instructions? (Select all that apply.)

Use the same scale. Wear consistent clothing. Know when to call for advice. Record the findings.

The nurse is examining an 8-month-old girl for appropriate development during a regular check-up. Which observation points to a developmental risk?

Uses only the left hand to grasp

Parents and their 35-month-old child have returned to the clinic for a follow-up appointment. Which of the findings may signal a speech delay?

Uses two-word sentences or phrases

A client is to receive home care, but her condition is considered low risk. How often will the nurse most likely make home care visits to this client?

Weekly

A nurse sees a brother and sister, both 12 years old, in back-to-back physical examinations. The girl is adopted, whereas the boy is biologically related to their parents. The girl has clearly begun her growth spurt, and in the past 6 months has grown 3 inches, overtaking her brother in height. Based on experience, however, the nurse expects that the boy will begin his growth spurt in the coming year. The nurse recognizes that which factor best explains the difference in onset of growth spurts in these two children?

Gender

A pregnant patient with severe hyperemesis gravidarum is being cared for at home by family members. The physician has ordered that the patient be weighed daily. How should the nurse instruct family to best obtain accurate weights?

Make sure to use the same scale and that the patient wears consistent clothing.

The parents of a 2-year-old boy report to the nurse because their child is "such a picky eater." Which recommendation would be most helpful for developing healthy eating habits in this child?

Offering a variety of foods along with the foods the child likes

A family has adopted a 6-year-old girl from a country that has experienced civil war over the past 5 years. Which issue would be most important to address soon after the adoption? Select all that apply.

Physical health, including growth parameters Emotional and developmental screening Expectations of adoptive parents

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a mother to help promote healthy sleep for her 3-week-old baby. Which recommended guideline might be included in the teaching plan?

Place the baby on his or her back when sleeping.

The nurse describes a family in the following way: "Family consists of two parents, with the oldest child aged 6 years old; the wife is mother and secretary and maintains the household; the husband is father and main breadwinner and maintains the house and outdoors." This description is an example of which of the following family theories?

Family life cycle

A nurse is teaching a class about families and their functions to a group of colleagues. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which of the following as true?

Family members usually share the funds that some members earn.

Place the steps for using time-out as a disciplinary measure for a 4-year-old in proper order.

Parent knows the misbehavior was intentional. Warn the child there will be a time-out if the behavior does not stop. Remove the preschooler to a boring spot. Set a timer for no more than 4 minutes. If the child gets up, replace the child and restart the time.

The mother of an ill client states, "I feel so guilty that I have to go to work and cannot be with my child." The nurse realizes this statement reflects

Parental role conflict

A mother is concerned about her 2-year-old son acquiring sufficient protein while following the family's vegan diet. Which of the following foods would be appropriate for the nurse to recommend to this mother?

Peanut butter and wheat bread

A nursing instructor is conducting a refresher course for a group of nurses on documenting client care and education in the medical record and the purposes that it serves. The nursing instructor determines that the group needs additional teaching when they identify which as a reason for documentation?

Permits others access to allow refusal of medical insurance coverage

A client at 28 weeks' gestation is required to maintain bed rest for the duration of the pregnancy because she has placenta previa. What suggestions can the nurse make for the client to help her cope with the experience?

Encourage the client to learn a new skill while confined to bed.

While preparing to teach a group of nursing students the history of maternity care, which factor will the instructor include to explain as the etiology of most infections in females after birthing in the 1700s?

Reproductive tract infection

A mother reports to the nurse that her 4-year-old does everything that she does. She says she is becoming somewhat frustrated with these actions. What would be the best response by the nurse to this mother?

"Preschoolers' imitating is a healthy behavior. It is part of their imagination and normal growth and development."

The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a young preschooler and detects the odor of tobacco smoke on the parents' hair and clothing. How should the nurse respond?

"Tell me about your child's exposure to tobacco smoke."

The mother of a 2-year-old coming for a well checkup at the new clinic is embarrassed when the child voids on the examining table, soiling the exam table cover. Which response by the nurse should be given to the mother?

"Toilet training accidents can occur with all children."

A 5-year-old girl is pretending to be a crocodile during a physical examination. Her mother just smiles and rolls her eyes at the nurse. What would be the best response for the nurse to give the child?

"What a wonderful imagination you have! I've never seen anyone who was so good at pretending to be a crocodile."

Parents say they have been using measures to lessen the struggle of getting their preschooler to bed at night and to sleep. Which practice will the nurse suggest they discontinue?

Allowing the preschooler to fall asleep wherever and whenever the child is tired enough

What is the correct amount of wet diapers a mature infant should have each day?

An infant should have 6 to 8 wet diapers/day.

A mother rooming-in with her 10-month-old infant appears upset following the visit of a consultant physician. The mother has questions but states, "The doctor is always so busy." The nurse will:

Assist the mother in preparing a list of questions for the physician's next visit.

A group of nurses are discussing the reasons for the United States' low rankings for infant and maternal mortality (27% and 21%, respectively) and what impact they could make on these mortality rates in their practice. Which action could nurses implement to reduce these rates?

Assuring early and adequate prenatal care

A 2-year-old wants to feed herself and becomes agitated when the nurse attempts to feed her. What does the nurse understand is the developmental age of this child according to Erikson?

Autonomy vs doubt and shame

A nurse is instructing a pregnant client on the proper technique for measuring fundal height so that she will be able to record serial height measurements. What is important for the nurse to include in this instruction?

Measure the height in the same location each time.

A nurse is determining if a referral for home care is appropriate for a patient. Which factor about the patient's condition would indicate the need for continued hospitalization?

Patient's condition is considered critical

When integrating the principles of family-centered care, the nurse would include which concept?

People have taken increased responsibility for their own health.

When integrating the principles of family-centered care, the nurse would NOT include:

People have taken less responsibility for their own health.

The period surrounding birth, from conception through pregnancy and birth, is called:

Perinatal

The nurse is presenting an in-service on the types of playing that children may engage in. The nurse determines the session is successful when the attending nurses correctly choose which example as representing cooperative play?

Playing in an organized group with each other.

The nurse is supervising a play group of children on the unit. The nurse expect the toddlers will most likely be involved in which activity?

Playing with the plastic vacuum cleaner and pushing it around the room

A nurse is assisting a young woman who has recently moved to the United States from Saudi Arabia. The young woman is frustrated because she continually experiences conflict with her husband's older wife regarding childrearing. Which type of family is this woman a part of?

Polygamous family

Which gross motor developmental milestone is least likely for a 2 year old?

Rides a tricycle

Nursing students are reviewing information about the cognitive development of preschoolers. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify that a 3-year-old is in what stage as identified by Piaget?

Preoperational thought

A mother tells a nurse that her child has recently established some friendships for the first time. In which age group do you expect this child to be?

Preschool

The nurse is counseling parents of a picky eater on how to promote healthy eating habits in their child. Which intervention would be appropriate advice?

Present the food matter-of-factly and allow the child to choose what to eat.

The nurse has brought a group of preschoolers to the playroom to play. Which activity would the nurse predict the children to become involved in?

Pretending to be mommies and daddies in the playhouse

Sonograms demonstrate thumb sucking as early as in utero.

True

The best way for a parent to handle a temper tantrum by a toddler is to calmly express disapproval and then ignore it.

True

The first phase of divorce is marked by quarreling, hurt feelings, and whispered conversations, as the parents realize they are no longer compatible.

True

When leaving a child who has separation anxiety, parents should say goodbye firmly, explain that they will return, and then leave promptly.

True

A pregnant client is questioning the nurse about the advantages of the various health care optioins. When providing information about home care and births, which factor should the nurse point out as an advantage?

Families can be better kept intact.

A nurse is speaking to a young couple who have recently begun living together and are expecting a child in 3 months. The mother-to-be expresses both joy and fear at the prospect of beginning a new family. The nurse understands that, from the perspective of this young woman, the family referred to is of which type?

Family of procreation

A nurse is providing care to a client and actively involves the client's family members in the care planning and implementation, dealing with the client and family as a unit. The nurse is engaging in:

Family-centered care

The nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about the history of maternity and family care. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which major change resulting from research by Klaus and Kennell?

Family-centered-care of today

Using Erikson's theory, a nurse asks a young adult questions about family, friends, and support systems. Why is this important during assessments of adolescents?

Fear of commitments may lead to loneliness and isolation.

A nurse is reviewing statistics about maternal and child health. Which rate would the nurse identify as reflecting the proportion of women who could have babies that are having them?

Fertility rate

A nurse is spending the summer volunteering as a maternal and child health care professional in a clinic in a developing nation stricken by famine. The nurse notes that the low percentage of men in the population due to war as well as poor nutrition make conception more rare among the women encountered for care. Which measure of maternal and child health would best confirm the nurse's observations?

Fertility rate

What mineral is an important factor in tooth development?

Fluoride

The nurse and a client are discussing the client's preschool child. The client states, "When I tell my child it's time for bed, he/she screams and cries for almost an hour each night before going to sleep." The client and the nurse decide that the next course of action is which?

Follow a routine and set a bedtime.

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old girl with multiple health problems. Which activity would best reflect evidence-based practice by the nurse?

Following blood pressure monitoring recommendations

Many researchers have theories relating to the stages of growth and development. Which stage of accepted theories relates to the preschool-aged child from ages 4 to 6 years? Select all that apply.

Freud's phallic stage Erikson's stage of initiative vs. guilt Piaget's preoperational phase Kohlberg's re-conventional level stage 2

A primary care provider tells a pregnant woman with slightly elevated blood pressure to return home on bed rest until her next scheduled checkup. This is an example of which type of care?

Home care

A nurse is caring for a terminally ill 7-year-old who is hospitalized and is wishing to go home? What type of referral can this nurse make so that the child can receive care at home?

Hospice care

A 3-year-old child is brought to the clinic with concerns about aggressive behaviors. The nurse determines that the parents are going through a divorce. What other questions might the nurse ask to assess the impact of the divorce on the child? Select all that apply.

How is your child sleeping at night? Is your child wetting the bed? Is your child willing to spend the night with his grandparents?

What is the best nutritional supplement for an infant who is 4 months old?

Human milk is the best supplement for this child.

A nursing student is preparing a presentation illustrating the Human Genome Project. Which function will the student point out as being the primary focus?

Identification of human genes and functions

A mother of a child being cared for in a home setting makes the following statements. Which statement best illustrates one of the positive aspects of home health care?

"I can do my child's care since you taught the procedure to me."

What statement by the mother of a 20-month-old indicates a need for further teaching about nutrition?

"I give my daughter juice at breakfast and when she is thirsty during the day."

A nursing instructor is teaching students about hospice care and realizes further instruction is needed when a student makes which statement?

"Hospice care is for children only."

The nursing instructor is illustrating the various types of play. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly choose which example as best representing onlooker play?

Observing without participating

A nursing instructor teaching about normal growth and development identifies a need for further instruction when the student makes which of the following statements?

"A growth chart is the best tool to diagnose growth problems."

A client who is currently 30 weeks' gestation with three small children is placed on bed rest at home due to preeclampsia. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?

Ineffective role performance

When orienting a new home health nurse on safety policies, which should the nurse include?

Keep the agency informed of your visit schedule.

A nursing instructor is teaching students about changes in the preschooler. One such change is genu valgus, which refers to which of the following?

Knock-knees

During a well-child visit, the caregiver expresses concern that the 3-year-old child often stutters when speaking. Which response should the nurse prioritize to best assist this family?

"Children of this age may stutter while they search for just the right word."

A nurse is teaching a group of parents of preschoolers about safety. Which information would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

"Do not refer to medicines as candy." "Do not allow your child to approach strange dogs." "Have your child hold hands with a grown-up in parking lots." "Role-model bicycle safety by wearing a helmet too."

The nurse is discussing nutritional issues and concerns with the caregivers of preschoolers. Which statement made by the caregivers best indicates a common aspect of the diet and nutrition of the preschool child?

"My child is so picky and eats the same thing every day for days on end!"

What would be most effective in helping promote initiative and nutritional health for a preschooler?

Allowing the child to spread soft cheese on crackers

During the toddler years, the child attempts to become autonomous. Which statement by a 3-year-old's caregiver indicates that the child is developing autonomy?

"My child uses the potty chair and is dry all day long."

The nurse is providing teaching about car safety to the parents of a 5-year-old girl who weighs 45 pounds. What should the nurse instruct the parents to do?

"Place her in a booster seat with lap and shoulder belts in the back seat."

What is the usual maximum time a woman is hospitalized for childbirth? Fill in the blank with a number.

48

Which of the following age groups has the lowest mortality rate?

5 to 14 years

A nurse is providing care to a woman during the pueriperium. The nurse understands that this period encompasses how many weeks after childbirth? (Fill in the blank with a number.)

6

For how long does the puerperium last? Fill in the blank with the correct number.

6

A first-time father calls the pediatric nurse stating he is concerned that his 4-year-old daughter still wets the bed almost every night. Remembering his own experience of being punished for wetting the bed at 4 years old, he is not sure punishment is the best approach to address this. Which nursing instruction is the most appropriate?

"Bedwetting is not uncommon in young children. Try to calmly change the bed without showing your frustration."

Which statement made by a nursing student would best indicate that her education on family-centered care was fully understood?

"Childbirth affects the entire family, and relationships will change."

Which of the following is a likely reason for a woman to have an unassisted birth?

A belief that unassisted birth will increase the ability to bond with and take responsibility for her child.

The nurse realizes that the 5-year-old's growth chart and BMI indicate the child is at risk for obesity. What other findings reinforce this risk? Select all that apply.

A father who is overweight Food used as reward or punishment Television on during meals Expectations to eat everything on plate

A homeless mother arrives in the emergency department with her 5-year-old son who appears to have the mumps. During assessment, the nurse discovers the child is behind on his immunization schedule. Which information should the nurse prioritize for this family?

A list of organizations that assist families to get food, shelter, and medical benefits

Which nurse is most likely to care for patients who are trying to resolve identity versus role confusion?

A nurse who provides care in a large junior high school

A home care nurse is given the assignment to assess all eight patients in a group home for pregnant adolescents. Which finding does the nurse report to the medical professional overseeing the group home?

A red raised rash present on the arms and legs of five patients

The nurse is helping the mother of a 5-month-old boy understand the importance of developmentally appropriate play. Which one of the toys best meets the needs of this child?

A yellow rubber duck for the bath

A seasoned pediatric nurse realizes that a hospitalized child's need for identity is strongest in which of the following groups?

Adolescents

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for toddler safety to present at a parenting seminar. Which safety intervention should the nurse address?

Advise parents to use a forward-facing car seat with harness straps and a clip, placed in the backseat of the car.

A pregnant woman on bedrest at home has a PICC line for antibiotic administration. Which of the following techniques does the nurse instruct the woman to use when administering her antibiotic?

Bagged piggyback

A newborn infant requires skin care that includes bathing. Besides hygiene, what is another reason for bathing an infant?

Bathing is a time for bonding with the parents.

A new mother asks for advice from the nurse about bathing her infant. Which of the following should the nurse tell her?

Be sure to wash the infant's face, hands, and diaper area daily

The parent of a four year-old child has expressed concern that the child is wetting her bed several times each week. What should the nurse teach the parent?

Bed wetting is not an unexpected behavior at this age

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for parents of a preschooler regarding sex education. What is a recommended guideline when dealing with this issue?

Before answering questions, find out what the child thinks about the subject.

A couple has recently been divorced. The couple has joint custody of their 15-year-old daughter. The nurse recognizes that the daughter is now at a 50% greater risk for:

Beginning smoking or drinking alcohol.

After teaching students about different family structures, the instructor determines that the session was successful when the students identify which of the following as comprising a blended family. Select all that apply.

Birth parent Non-birth parent Step children Birth children

The home care nurse is conducting an environmental assessment of an apartment home prior to a child's dismissal with a wheelchair. Which finding on the environmental assessment would be the priority concern for the nurse?

Bunk beds in the client's room

The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old at a well-child visit and the child appears to be progressing well. Which activity will the nurse ask the child to attempt to appropriately assess the fine motor skills of this preschooler?

Button clothes.

A 5-year-old child is overheard by her parents calling her dog a "fat boo-boo butt" and they are concerned. What advice would the nurse provide for them regarding this behavior?

Calmly correct the child, telling her not to say those words again.

After hearing of a lawsuit being filed by a client against another nurse, a nurse becomes concerned about the potential liability in working with premature infants at high risk for morbidity and mortality. Which action is most essential for the nurse to take to limit liability in the event of litigation?

Carefully documenting every intervention with a client

The parent of 3 1/2-year-old preschooler tells the nurse that the child argues quite a bit and says that the child is always right. The nurse interprets this information as indicating:

Centering.

The pattern of growth in which the child is able to control the head and neck before the arms and legs is known as which of the following?

Cephalocaudal

The child has learned to crawl and walk, and later throws a ball and knows the names of colors. Which principle of growth and development is the child demonstrating?

Cephalocaudal and proximodistal progress

The nurse is providing care to an ill child and his family. Which activity reflects the use of the assessment step of the nursing process when providing care for children?

Collecting data about the child and family

A pregnant woman with premature ruptured membranes is trying to decide whether home care might be the best option for her. Which advantage should the nurse mention to the client that is most pertinent to her condition?

Decreased exposure to infection

The nurse is teaching parents interventions appropriate to the emotional development of their toddlers. What is a recommended intervention for this age group?

Do not blame toddlers for aggressive behavior; instead, point out the results of their behavior.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 2-year-old toddler methods of dealing with their child's "negativism." Based on Erikson's theory of development, what would be an appropriate intervention for this child?

Encourage the child to pick out his own clothes.

A nurse is concerned about a 14-year-old girl under her care because she has recently learned of an outbreak of sexually transmitted diseases at the girl's high school. The nurse asks the girl's parents whether they would be willing to let the nurse discuss it with their daughter in private, along with contraception options. The mother quickly interrupts the nurse and says, "Absolutely not. We will discuss that with her ourselves." Which role is the mother playing in this situation?

Gatekeeper

Many different factors affect growth and development. For example, why does Mary have blonde hair and blue eyes while John has brown hair and green eyes?

Genetic inheritance

The nurse is providing care for a 9-year-old girl who is medically fragile. Which is an example of the nursing role of collaboration?

Informing the team members of the progress of treatment

The nurse is caring for a toddler who is in Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. Which task would the nurse expect the toddler to be able to perform?

Knowing which are his or her toys

A young pregnant woman is placed on bedrest with an intravenous (IV) line started for fluid administration. Which of the following is most important to tell the patient and family in regard to this treatment?

Monitor for signs of inflammation and infiltration.

The 7-year-old child is joining a dance class. The child insists the parent stay in the dance room, frequently requests to use the bathroom, and doesn't join in the actual dance activity until the last 5 minutes of the class. The behavior is characteristic of which temperament style?

Slow-to-warm-up child

The parents of a 6-year-old boy express frustration and worry that he doesn't seem to be developing a sense of responsibility. For example, he recently drew on the walls of his room and was told he had to clean the walls by dinnertime. Although he agreed and was shown how to do it and was provided cleaning materials, he had not even started when the deadline arrived. What aspect of child development should the nurse prioritize to explain to the parents how best to handle similar situations?

The boy has not yet developed a sense of time

Which gross motor skill would the 4-year-old child have most recently attained?

The child can hop on one foot.

The nurse is performing a cognitive assessment of a 2-year-old. Which behavior would alert the nurse to a developmental delay in this area?

The child does not point to named body parts.

The family of orientation refers to

The family that one is born into

What action shows an example of Erik Erikson's developmental task for the infant?

The infant cries and the caregiver picks the child up.

The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a 5-month-old boy. Which observation may be cause for concern about the infant's neurologic development?

The infant displays an asymmetric tonic neck reflex (fencing reflex).

What position is the infant placed in for "tummy time"?

The infant is placed on the floor on their tummy.

The nurse is watching a group of infants playing in an infant room at a daycare. Which infant would the nurse identify as being approximately 3 months of age?

The infant laying prone with a colorful toy in front.

The nurse is assessing development of a 4-month-old boy during a well-child visit. Which observation needs further investigation?

The infant responds to his mother when he sees her but not at other times when she is near.

A nurse is talking to and making facial expressions at a 9-month-old baby girl during a routine office visit. What is the most advanced milestone of language development that the nurse should expect to see in this child?

The infant says "da-da" when looking at her father

When designing a class on the history of birth and maternal care, which information would the nurse include in describing care during the 18th century?

The majority of births occurred in the home with female midwives.

The nurse observing toddlers in a day care center notes that they may be happy and pleasant one moment and overreact to limit setting the next minute by throwing a tantrum. What is the focus of the toddler's developmental task that is driving this behavior?

The need for separation and control

An infant who is 4 months old continues to be seen at doctor visits for illness prevention. What would be the next scheduled appointment that this infant should attend to be evaluated?

The next visit would be at 6 months.

A couple recently experienced the birth of an infant with Down syndrome. The child has a mild congenital heart defect. Before planning any specific psychosocial interventions for the family, the nurse must first assess

The parents' perception of this event as a crisis

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for parents of preschoolers about how to address the issue of strangers and safety. Which would the nurse expect to include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

Urge children never to talk to or accept a ride from a stranger. Encourage children to tell you or another trusted adult if someone asks them to keep a secret about anything uncomfortable. Urge your children to report others who are bullying. Teach your children to say "no" to anyone whose touching makes them feel uncomfortable.

A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old's language development. What would the nurse expect to assess?

Use of a two-word noun-verb sentence

Parents of a 2-year-old girl are having a conversation with the nurse about tantrums. Which technique would the nurse most likely suggest?

Use short "time-outs" and remain calm.

The nurse is conducting a well-child examination of a 5-year-old girl, who was 40 inches tall at her last examination at age 4. Which height measurement would be within the normal range of growth expected for a preschooler?

43 inches

If the child is gaining weight at an expected rate, a child who weighs 36 pounds (16.3 kg) at 3 years of age would weigh what amount at age 5?

44 lb (20 kg)

The nurse is providing parental anticipatory guidance to promote healthy emotional development in a 12-month-old boy. Which statement best accomplishes this?

A regular routine and rituals will provide stability and security.

A 14-year-old boy presents to the emergency department alone with facial lacerations and a fractured left arm. Assessment reveals blue hair, several body piercings, homemade tattoos, scars on his arms that appear to be track marks, evasive answers when questioned about where he lives, and responses indicating that he has no parents when contact information is requested. In addition to being treated for the fracture and lacerations, what additional care would be the highest priority for this child?

An HIV test and counseling would be done.

According to Sigmund Freud's theory of development, which infant is most likely to be experiencing a significant conflict in his or her development?

An infant whose mother is weaning him in order to facilitate her return to work.

A hospitalized 2-year-old is toilet training and excited to show the nurse the product created in the toilet. What stage does the nurse recognize this child is in according to Freud?

Anal stage

Which aspect of client wellness has not been a focus of health during the 21st century?

Analysis of morbidity and mortality

The nurse is assessing a 12-month-old boy with an English-speaking father and a Spanish-speaking mother. The boy does not say specific words such as mama or dada yet. What is the priority intervention?

Asking the mother if the child uses Spanish words

When integrating the principles of family-centered care into the birthing process, the nurse would base care upon which belief?

Birth results in changes in relationships.

A student is reading an article about the challenges faced by members of a stepfamily. The student demonstrates understanding of this family structure, identifying it as which of the following?

Blended

The nurse is assessing a family and identifies that the members of this family include a man, a woman, and the woman's child from a previous relationship. Which of the following family types does this description match? select all that apply.

Blended

The nurse at a family planning clinic is meeting with a young couple who have decided not to have any children after they marry since they are both bringing children into the relationship. The nurse will document this as which type of family structure?

Blended family

The nurse is reviewing the historical evolution of maternal and child health and health care in the United States. Which statement would the nurse most likely identify as reflecting health care in the past and current centuries?

By the late twentieth century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious diseases had become the leading cause of death for children older than 1 year of age.

A pediatric nurse practitioner is assessing the development of a child. The nurse's assessment of development will focus on which of the following?

Changes in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

The primary health care provider has recommended a client consult a nutritionalist for specialized care. The nurse, by providing a list of referrals to the client, is providing which service?

Client advocacy

The nurse is watching a 4-year-old child play with another preschool child. The children are playing a game with rules. The nurse notes that the child is demonstrating what type of play?

Cooperative play

The number of single-parent homes has risen in the past several years. What effect does this have on the health of children?

Decreased financial resources to pay for health care services

All humans learn from both formal and informal experiences. What orderly pattern of changes results in part from learning?

Development

A mother tells the nurse that she is frustrated because her preschooler screams every time that she attempts to buckle the child's seat belt. What advice should the nurse give this mother?

Do not start the car until seat belts are in place.

A client presents for her routine prenatal visit, but on examination the nurse notices multiple bruises in various stages of healing. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to:

Document findings

The nurse is in the process of administering medications to clients on the unit and notices one new mother is in the process of attempting to breast-feed her newborn infant. The nurse makes several suggestions to assist this mother. Which action should the nurse prioritize related to this interaction?

Document the care given

Home care is most successful when:

Each member of the family can share the household tasks of the patient

A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan about the growth and development of toddlers. Which topics would the instructor include in the planned teaching? Select all that apply.

Evidence of a prominent abdomen Wide-stance gait when walking

A nurse is performing a routine physical examination of a 5-year-old girl. Which of the following should the nurse note as developmentally inappropriate for this child?

Evidence of early breast development

A genogram is a diagram of family and community relationships.

False

A new single mother is sharing her concerns about the cost of daycare with her nurse. She is new to the area. The nurse recognizes that which trend is contributing to this client's concerns? Select all that apply.

Fewer extended family members to help care for a child Ninety percent of women working outside the home The increase in the number of single parent families The increased tendency for families to move from one part of the country to another

A nurse performing a community assessment is searching for information about the average occupation of the community. About what area of assessment is the nurse inquiring?

Financial status

The nurse is teaching a client the advantages and disadvantages of self-care. The nurse determines the session is successful when the client correctly chooses which point as best describing self-care?

Gaining information about and taking an active role in wellness

A nurse is assessing a family and asks, "Who determines what information will be released from or received by the family?" What role is the nurse trying to establish?

Gatekeeper

The nursing instructor is leading a discussion on the theories of Sigmund Freud with a group of nursing students. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which example as indicating a child is in the anal stage of development?

Has a desire to mold and control the environment

A family with limited income must make the entrance to their house wheelchair accessible for their 11-year-old son, who is now receiving home care. Which would be the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?

Have local carpenter build a ramp across the front steps to the house

A 2-month-old boy has inconsolable crying, is gassy, and constantly draws his legs up. It has been determined that the boy has colic. What is the best intervention to treat colic?

He needs to try a different formula to assess for sensitivity.

The nurse providing family-centered care in a hospital setting reflects on the focus of the health care provided in today's society. Which statement best describes the current definition of health?

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

The adolescent is in an auto accident and sustained a cut above his forehead and needs stitches. What would be the major concern of the teenager?

Identity

A preceptor overhears one nursing student tell another that she is going with the preceptor on a home visit and is excited to talk to the mother who will likely be the child patient's caregiver. What assumption did the student make?

Identity of caregiver

A nurse is describing growth and development during the preschool period. What would the nurse identify as a predominant and heightened characteristic for this age group?

Imagination

The biggest benefit of health care provided in the home is:

Inclusion of the entire family in health care planning and provision

A nurse is assessing a family and asks, "Who is primarily responsible for taking care of the children" What role is the nurse trying to establish?

Nurturer

A pregnant client is being discharged. The nurse is educating the client about the advantages of continuing her treatment at home. Which advantages would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Increased individual teaching Lifestyle assessments Increased self-care

A nurse working in a pediatrician's office has requested that a generic brand of cotton swabs be ordered in place of a more expensive brand name. Which trend in today's health care environment is most related to this nurse's action?

Initiating cost containment

A young woman in her first trimester has hyperemesis gravidarum and is ordered IV fluids at home. Her husband has learned how to check the IV site and administer the fluids. They have arranged for a home care nurse to stop by once a week to check on the patient while the problem persists. Which level of home care is this patient receiving?

Level 1

The nurse is caring for a young pregnant couple who are members of an extended family. The nurse anticipates the greatest challenge for this family will involve which factor?

Limited amount of available resources

According to Kohlberg, which of the following considerations is central to human development?

Morality

When observing a group of toddlers playing in a child care setting, it is noted that the toddlers are all playing with buckets and shovels but are not playing with each other. This type of play is referred to as:

Parallel play

The nurse pulls the 5-month-old to sitting position from supine and notes head lag. The nurse's response is to:

Refer the infant for developmental and/or neurologic evaluation.

The father of a child who requires home care following open heart surgery has changed his work schedule to work the night shift so that he can take care of the child during the day. The father is obese, and his work requires strenuous manual labor. He takes insulin for his type 2 diabetes. He reports being constantly fatigued and irritable, making it difficult to care for his child. Which nursing diagnosis pertaining to home care would best explain the father's fatigue and irritability?

Sleep deprivation due to working the night shift and caring for the child

Infant mortality rates are a good index of general health. Which of the following statements is true regarding a comparison of infant mortality rates of the United States to those of 30 countries with the lowest infant mortality rates?

The United States has a higher rate of infant mortality.

The 18-month-old has most likely attained which gross motor skill?

The ability to walk independently.

A teenage client has been airlifted to a large urban hospital for emergent care. The nurse will illustrate family-centered care by prioritizing which actions? Select all that apply.

The health care team gives the client and family regular updates. The family is assisted with travel plans to be able to stay with the client. The client and family are able to communicate their potential fears to nurses and health care providers.

A nurse has moved into a new community and will begin practicing at the local health department. Why is it important for this nurse to become familiar with the community where the nurse will work?

The health of a community influences the health of its individuals.

An 82-year-old resident of a long-term care facility often tells stories of the role that he played in the Korean War. According to Erikson, which of the following needs may underlie the resident's storytelling?

The need to demonstrate that his life was meaningful and purposeful.

The home care nurse visited a newly assigned primagravida client with preeclampsia. When conducting the assessment and teaching, the client continued to cry and state she was in disbelief this was happening to her. When should the nurse schedule the second visit with the client?

The next day; the client is not coping well.

The pediatric nurse operates according to the standards of professional performance according to the American Nurses Association (ANA) Scope and Standards of Pediatric Nursing Practice. Which behavior accurately reflect these standards? Select all that apply.

The pediatric nurse uses research findings in practice and participates in the generation of new knowledge. The pediatric nurse's decisions and actions in all areas of practice are determined in an ethical manner. The pediatric nurse collaborates with the child, family, and physician in providing care for the child.

In teaching caregivers of preschool children, the nurse would reinforce that which activity would be most important for this age group?

The preschool child should be properly restrained when riding in a vehicle.

The nurse dealing with global populations knows that the health of individuals in North America continues to improve, but much room for improvement remains. Which statement accurately reflects the state of health in North America?

The prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing.

A gay couple is considering adopting a newborn and they want to know the long-term outcomes for children in gay families. What is the best response by the nurse?

Their psychological health is similar to children of heterosexual parents.

A nurse has just learned that the hospital where the nurse is employed has been named a magnet hospital by the American Nurses' Credentialing Center. Which characteristic would the nurse most likely identify as meeting the criteria for this status? Select all that apply.

There is a high level of nursing job satisfaction. Nurses are involved in data collection and decision making about client care. All nurse managers and leaders have either a BSN or MSN. There is a low staff nurse turnover rate.

A nurse is asked when to teach children about oral health. Based on Piaget's theory, at what age would the nurse suggest?

Third and fourth graders

The following phrases each represent a different developmental stage of a family. Put them in the correct order:

Two friends living together in college A couple adopting a baby A single father with two toddlers A lesbian couple with twin third-graders A single mother and her 15-year-old son A couple whose children have all left home

The nurse at a family health clinic is teaching a group of parents about normal infant development. What patterns of communication should the nurse tell parents to expect from an infant at age 1?

Understands "no" and other simple commands

A nurse is assessing a 3 year old at a well-child visit. Which developmental milestones would the nurse expect to assess? Select all that apply.

Undresses self without difficulty Stacks a tower of blocks

The client is a 1-year-old girl from a low-income family presenting with a vitamin D deficiency and anemia. What assistance program would you recommend to the child's young mother?

WIC

During a health history, the nurse explores the sleeping habits of a 3-year-old boy by interviewing his parents. Which statement from the parents reflects a recommended guideline for promoting healthy sleep in this age group?

We keep a strict bedtime ritual for our son, which includes a bath and bedtime story."

A nurse walks into the room to check on a preschool client. When the nurse asks the preschooler how she is doing, the child says she is Tinker Bell. What is the best response by the nurse?

"That will be fun if you want to pretend you are Tinker Bell!"

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a mother of a 5-month-old boy about introducing solid foods. Which statement by the mother indicates that effective teaching has occurred?

"The cereal should be a fairly thin consistency at first."

A nurse educator is conducting a class on abuse and violence for a group of new graduate nurses during orientation. Which statement by the educator best reflects current practice regarding these problems in women's health?

"The nurse should screen for these problems at every client encounter."

The infant weighs 6 lb 8 oz (2,912 g) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be an expected weight for this child at the age of 4 months?

13 lb (5.9 kg)

During a well-child visit, a mother tells the nurse that she uses timeout to discipline her 2 year old. The nurse determines that the mother understands the concept of timeout when the mother states that she keeps the toddler in time out for _______.

2

When assessing a 33 month old, the nurse would expect to find how many teeth?

20

A nurse is conducting a monthly chart audit in the newborn nursery. Which finding could indicate an ethical consideration of practice?

200% increase in IV cath attempts

The infant weighs 7 lb 4 oz (3,248 g) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be the expected weight for this child at the age of 12 months?

21 lb 12 oz (9.9 kg)

The infant measures 21.5 in. (54.6 cm) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be an expected height for this child at the age of 6 months?

27.5 in. (69.9 cm)

How many weeks after birth does the perinatal period end? (Fill in the blank with a number.)

4

Pediatric nurses are important members of the staff of ambulatory care centers. What is a major factor in treating children in an ambulatory care center?

Avoidance of separating children from their families when providing care.

The nurse observes an infant interacting with his parents. What are normal social behavioral developments for this age group? Select all that apply.

Around 2 months the infant exhibits a first real smile. Around 3 months the infant smiles widely and gurgles when interacting with the caregiver. Around 3 months the infant will mimic the parent's facial movements, such as sticking out the tongue. Separation anxiety may also start in the last few months of infancy.

A patient who has just given birth to her second child is concerned that her preschooler will be jealous when people bring gifts for the newborn. What would be the best suggestion to make to this mother about the gifts?

Ask people to bring a small second gift for the preschooler as well.

A nurse who specializes in maternal and child health care performs many varied functions in diverse settings over the course of a year. Which action would be outside the nurse's scope of practice?

Assist in the treatment and recovery of a woman with ovarian cancer.

The mother of a toddler half-jokingly states: "I am so tired of hearing 'NO!' What suggestions will the nurse offer to reduce toddler negativism? Select all that apply.

Avoid "yes" and "no" questions. Offer simple choices: "Blue shirt or red one?" Make statements: "It is time for lunch." Avoid ending a request with "Okay?" Use humor to make "no" funny: "Do cows bark?"

The nurse interviews a family that consists of a husband and wife who have both previously been in a marital relationship and who are living with two children. The children are the biological children of the mother and were born before the remarriage. This family situation is termed a(n):

Blended family

The nurse is performing an assessment on a woman who is at 18 weeks' gestation. The nurse is completing the social assessment and asks the woman who lives in the household. The woman informs the nurse that she, her husband, their daughter, and his son from a previous marriage live in the household. The nurse correctly identifies this as a:

Blended family

Today, families come in a variety of structures. Two of these structures are the stepfamily and the blended family. What differentiates a blended family from a stepfamily?

Both adults are custodial parents and bring their children to the family structure.

The mother of a 4-year-old is concerned her child is not eating well. In addressing the concerns of this mother, which foods should the nurse point out are high in protein? Select all that apply.

Cheese and crackers Whole grain granola with yogurt Turkey sandwich

A nurse is presenting a class on discipline for a group of parents of toddlers. What information would be important for the nurse to teach this group? Select all that apply.

Consistency in the rules is important so the child understands what is expected. If a child does something wrong, the parent must address the behavior immediately so the child understands what they did wrong. Even at this young age, children need boundaries.

The nurse is preparing a list of abilities of 10-month-olds to use in teaching a parenting group. Which ability should appear at this age?

Cruises around furniture

A pregnant woman on bedrest at home reports constipation. Which of the following measures would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest?

Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water daily

The nurse is completing an infant history on a 5-month-old and documents the following symptoms. Which will the nurse attribute to teething? Select all that apply.

Drooling and biting Increased sucking on hands Irritability and awakening from sleep Refusing to eat

A bilingual family tells the nurse their desire for their child to learn Spanish as well as English. English is the predominant language spoken in the home. The parents ask the nurse when is the best time to teach the child a second language. What time period would the nurse respond?

During the preschool years

What is the appropriate time when children should be taught genitalia terminology and about personal privacy?

Early childhood

How can the nurse assist with achieving National Health Goals when caring for a woman with placental previa at 28 weeks' gestation who is on bed rest?

Educate the client on the benefits of bed rest for the pregnancy and access community resources to assist her with compliance.

The nurse is functioning in the primary role to care for a 12-year-old boy with metastatic cancer in the liver. Which activity is typical of advocacy?

Educating the family about choices they have

An ill child will be cared for at home by the parents. What resources will be most advantageous for this family?

Effective support people from the family or community to offer help

A parents are discussing a recent story in the local news about a child being abducted. The parents are concerned about the safety of their preschool child and wonder what to tell the child to keep the child safe but without frightening the child. Which would be the best recommendation for the nurse to give these parents?

Explain in a calm and everyday manner how the child should stay away from strangers in cars.

While assessing a family, the nurse notes indications of altered family functioning. Which of the following would the nurse most likely note? Select all that apply.

Expression of guilt Noncompliance with treatment regimen Significant difficult with changes

A young patient tells the nurse, "I have the best family in the world." When questioned about who is in the family, the patient replies, "I have lots of people in my family ... my mom, my dad, two brothers, grandma and grandpa, two uncles, two aunts, and three cousins." This patient is describing which type of family?

Extended

A toddler's "no" can best be eliminated by asking a question instead of making a statement.

False

A nurse is speaking with a client who has just learned that she is pregnant with her first child. The nurse reads in the client's chart that she does not drink alcohol on a regular basis. However, the nurse decides to go ahead and warn the client about the dangers of drinking alcohol while pregnant. Which phase of health care would this action be classified as?

Health promotion

A nurse is teaching women the importance of good nutrition and taking prenatal vitamins if they are planning pregnancy. Which measure is the nurse performing?

Health promotion

Cost containment in the health care field has become a sought-after necessity because of rising costs and the influence of managed care. Nurses are instrumental in assisting with cost containment of health care by prioritizing which strategy?

Health promotion

A client is recovering from a hysterectomy, and the nurse is teaching postoperative measures for care after being discharged from the hospital. What measure is the nurse performing?

Health rehabilitation

A client in her third trimester has just learned that she has developed gestational diabetes. The nurse gives her an injection of insulin to help return her blood glucose levels to normal. The nurse is participating in whch phase of health care?

Health restoration

What is not a trend in child health care today?

Health restoration is stressed over health promotion.

A pregnant woman on bedrest at home is taught how to measure her uterine fundal height. The nurse demonstrates and shows her where to place the tape measure. When returning for a follow-up visit, the nurse notices that the woman has not been measuring correctly. The patient has not been placing the tape measure at the correct point. What is the best thing the nurse could do to help this patient?

Mark the points with a permanent marker

A school-aged child always follows the rules and obeys traffic lights when crossing the street. Based on Kohlberg's theory, what type of development is being demonstrated?

Moral

A home health nurse has assigned a home health aide to assist in caring for a client who will be discharged from the hospital with multiple decubitus ulcers, nasogastric tube feedings, and an indwelling catheter. This client will need maximum assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs). Which of the following will be included in the home health aides duties?

Providing hygiene, mouth care, and making the bed

A pediatric nurse observes an infant holding a rattle. Upon dropping the rattle, the baby cannot pick it up with his fingers on his own. The nurse correctly identifies this to be an example of which type of growth?

Proximodistal

Parents of a toddler describe how they handled their child's temper tantrum in a shopping mall. What action of the parents indicates need for additional teaching?

Reasoned with the child to stop the behavior

A nurse recognizes that a family is in crisis, and according to the crisis theory, which of the following could the nurse do to help the family return to equilibrium?

Refer the parents for help from social services.

When developing the plan of care to promote health for a client and family, what would the nurse focus on first?

Reinforcing family strengths

Using Erikson's theory, which of the following activities would the nurse use to provide a sense of fulfillment and purpose in later adulthood?

Reminiscing about life events

A parent brings the 4-year-old child for a check-up. Which finding would concern the nurse?

Resting pulse rate of 120

A nurse is providing home care to a pregnant woman who is on bed rest. The woman has two other children. During her assessment, the nurse asks the woman how she occupies her time. What is the best rationale for asking this question?

To ensure that the woman is not engaging in activities that would disrupt her rest

According to Erikson, normal adolescent behavior includes trying on new roles and possibly even rebelling. What is the purpose of this behavior in adolescents?

To establish a sense of identity

A 2-year-old with pneumonia has recently been hospitalized. When the lunch tray arrives to the floor, the nurse caring for the patient sets up the tray and allows the child to self-feed with a spoon despite the mess. What is the nurse's best reason for these actions?

To foster autonomy

The nurse is watching toddlers at play. Which normal behavior would the nurse observe?

Toddlers engage in parallel play.

The parents of a preschooler express concern to the nurse about their son's new habit of masturbating. What is an appropriate response to this concern?

Treat the action in a matter-of-fact manner, emphasizing safety.

Fear of mutilation is significant during the preschool age.

True

The pediatric nurse caring for abused children knows that foster care, also known as home care, is a child welfare service in which children are placed in homes away from their parents in an effort to ensure their emotional and physical well-being.

True

While working with homeless families, the nurse learns that a single female parent heads the majority of homeless families.

True

A nurse is instructing a young mother on how to ensure a safe bath time for her 4-year-old son. Which are important suggestions for the nurse to give to the mother? Select all that apply.

Turn down the temperature of the water heater to under 120°F. Do not leave the child unsupervised in the bath tub. Assist the child in cleaning under fingernails and around ears.

The nurse is explaining safety precautions for toddlers to the mother of a normal 30-month-old boy. Which activity might the nurse suggest may be done without supervision?

Undressing himself

Which statement correctly defines the term "perinatal death rate"?

Number of deaths from the time the fetus reaches 500 g until 28 days after birth per 1,000 live births

A nurse is reviewing a journal article about family structure and dynamics. The nurse demonstrates understanding of the information when the nurse identifies that which goal best reflects priority of the family with an adolescent?

Loosening family ties

Which factor is most critical to effective home care?

Commitment to home care from family and other essential people

A nurse has just assisted in the birth of a premature neonate. The nurse recognizes that which factor, when associated with prematurity, is a leading cause of death in neonates?

Low birth weight

A nursing instructor is teaching the class about community-based nursing. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which activity as an example of tertiary prevention?

Ensuring the client attends physical therapy after orthopedic surgery

Two parents who have financial issues ask the nurse if a borrowed crib would be okay to use for their new twin boys. Which response should the nurse use in educating the parents?

"You can use the crib, but there are guidelines to follow."

The nurse is working with a young couple who are expecting their first child but do not have family living in the area. After explaining the concept of family-centered care to the couple, the nurse determines that additional explanation is needed when the couple identifies which type of support as being involved with this type of care?

Familial

When providing anticipatory guidance to parents about their preschool son who was caught in a lie, what would the nurse emphasize?

"You need to determine the reason for lying before punishing the child."

A nurse is conducting a home care assessment of a pediatric client and the home. Which aspects might the nurse include to determine any safety concerns? Select all that apply.

Client medications Home layout Developmental Status

The nurse has completed an examination of a 32-month-old girl with normal gross and fine motor skills. Which observation would suggest the child is experiencing a problem with language development?

Her vocabulary is between 10 and 15 words.

The nurse is describing the maturation of various organ systems during toddlerhood to the parents. What would the nurse correctly include in this description?

Myelinization of the brain and spinal cord is complete at about 24 months.

The nurse is preparing to teach a drug education class at a local elementary school. The nurse is focused on providing which type of care to the community?

Primary prevention

A nurse is assessing a family and asks, "On whom does the family depend to provide the solution to problems?" What role is the nurse trying to establish?

Problem-solver

Assessment of a client reveals that he is part of a nuclear family. The nurse interprets this as which of the following?

The family includes a married adult man, his wife, and their children.

A 7-year-old child with asthma has missed so many days of school that the child is considered to be truant. The school nurse does an assessment of the family and learns that the mother is in another city all week for work, the father leaves for work early each morning and returns home late in the evening, and the elderly maternal grandmother takes care of the child. Which question would be helpful in assessing the child's health needs? Select all that apply.

Who is in charge of the child's asthma management? Who makes sure the child takes the medications every day? Who is the primary contact person for the school nurse?

The nurse is conducting a class for new parents of infants. The nurse determines the session is successful when the parents correctly choose which instruction concerning bathing their infant?

"When I bathe my baby, I shampoo his hair each time as well."

A young hospitalized patient cries constantly for daddy even though her mother has not left her side. When talking to the child's mother, the nurse learns that the 4 year old wants only her father. The child has even told her mother that she hates her on numerous occasions. What would be the best response by the nurse to support this mother?

"Her behavior is normal for her age. She will outgrow it."

Which statement by a parent would best prepare the toddler for the parent's return if the parent must leave the hospital?

"I will be back after you eat your dinner and SpongeBob goes off."

The father of a 4½-year-old boy has contacted the nurse because he is concerned that his son is frequently touching his genitals. The nurse explains that this is normal during the preschool years. Which statement by the father would indicate a need for further teaching?

"I will need to find an appropriate punishment for him if this continues."

A mother who is vegan, when asked about the nutritional intake of her 18-month-old, tells the nurse not to worry because she is providing plenty of protein to her daughter. "And," she says, "I avoid giving her fats." Which of the following would be the most appropriate response for nurse to give this mother?

"Your child needs fat in the diet at this age, as it is needed for myelination of spinal nerves."

During a well-child visit, the mother of a preschooler tells the nurse that her daughter is "daddy's girl." She says, "It seems like I don't exist." Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Your daughter is showing normal behavior for her age."

Within what time frame after a client is discharged from an acute care facility will the home care nurse make an initial visit?

24

Statistics show that more than 44 million people in the United States do not have health insurance. What percentage of this population are children?

25 percent

A home health nurse is visiting an infant after discharge from the hospital. The nurse observes the mother inserting a mercury rectal thermometer to assess the child's temperature. What should the nurse caution the parent about with the use of the thermometer?

If the family will be using a thermometer, it can release toxic mercury if it breaks. The thermometer should not be used with children younger than 5 years.

What is the effect of low birth weights in babies born in the United States?

Increased infant mortality rates

A nursing group is examining their hospital's maternal outcomes for the previous 5 years. Which identified factors have contributed to the decline in the maternal mortality rate? Select all that apply.

Increased participation of women in prenatal care Use of ultrasound to detect disorders Closer monitoring for complications associated with hypertension of pregnancy Better management of hemorrhage and infection

According to the theories of child development of Sigmund Freud, the child who is between 6 and 10 years old is in which stage?

Latency stage

According to Erikson, the task for the preschool child is to develop:

Initiative

The home health nurse makes a visit to a child with cerebral palsy. Upon arrival, the nurse finds three men sitting in the living room drinking alcohol and smoking marijuana. They make sexually suggestive comments to the nurse. What is the nurse's priority action at this time?

Leave the home.

The nurse is supervising lunch time for children on a pediatric ward. Which observation is considered abnormal for this age group?

The child uses his fingers and refuses to use a fork.

A 12-month-old seen at a walk-in clinic weighed 8 pounds 4 ounces (3.75 kg) at birth. Weight now is 20 pounds 8 ounces (9.3 kg). The nurse determines:

The child weighs less than expected for age.

The nurse uses family-centered care to care for children in a pediatric office. Upon what concept is family-centered care based?

The family is the constant in the child's life and the primary source of strength.

A nurse is assessing an adolescent in a clinic with both parents accompanying the child. The nurse questions whether the family is functioning in a healthy way after noting which action?

The father does not share his concerns with his wife.

Parents of a preschooler tell the nurse that their child often refuses to go to sleep at night. Which suggestion by the nurse would be helpful? Select all that apply.

"Try using a night light in the child's room." "Set up some familiar bedtime rituals for your child." "Avoid having your child watch frightening shows on TV before bedtime." "Try reading a favorite story before bedtime."

The mother of a 4-year-old tells the nurse that she is frustrated because all she seems to do lately is fight with the child over what the child wants to eat and wear. The mother says that she sometimes wants to spank the child for always disagreeing. What would be the best suggestion for the nurse to make to this mother?

"Use the time-out technique for discipline."

The nurse is preparing to do an altered family function risk assessment on a client. Which question should the nurse ask first?

"What are the potential sources of stress in your family?"

The nurse is caring for a child who says, "I'm tired being in the hospital and I miss my own home." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"What can we do to make your room seem more like home?"

A group of caregivers of toddlers are discussing the form of discipline in which the child is placed in a "time-out" chair. Which statement made by these caregivers is most appropriate related to this form of discipline?

"When my son starts getting frustrated and aggressive, I remind him that if he throws a fit he will have to go to time out."

The father of a 2-year-old girl tells the nurse that he and his wife would like to begin toilet training their daughter soon. He asks when the right time is to begin this process. What should the nurse say in response?

"When she starts tugging on a wet or dirty diaper, she is letting you know she's ready."

Preventing injuries in children is a nursing responsibility accomplished through which of the following?

Anticipatory guidance education

The nurse is preparing to discuss birthing options with a 25-year-old female who is in a low-risk pregnancy with one older child. Which option will be best for the nurse to recommend for this client?

Any birthing settings

Asian American women have the lowest risk of infant mortality of all cultural groups. Which statement best explains this phenomena?

Asian American women have better access to prenatal care.

A nursing instructor informs the class that for the child to be successful at achieving maturation, he or she must first master milestones. The instructor determines that the students understand when they correctly identify these milestones as what tasks?

Developmental

The nurse is working with a same-sex couple, both of whom have children from previous relationships. Although the couple have no plans of marrying, they view their relationship as monogamous and long-term. Which family structure would apply to this family? Select all that apply.

Gay or lesbian family Cohabitation family Blended family

A 12-year-old client with Crohn's disease is being discharged from the hospital and will receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN) at home. About what should the nurse educate the client's parents prior to administering a new bag of TPN?

Store the formula in the refrigerator until 1 to 2 hours prior to use.

The nurse is caring for several clients on the pediatric unit. When interacting with the preschooler, which action will the nurse predict to occur?

Takes in new information at a rapid rate and asks "why" and "how"

To decrease childhood mortality, pediatric nurses need to consistently engage in what activity throughout all age groups?

Teach injury prevention and proper safety practices.

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 8-year-old child whose parents have been divorced. Which of the following is most important for the nurse to do for this child?

The nurse should have clear information about who may contact the child.

The nurse is caring for a 17-year-old who is scheduled to undergo surgery. What are the nurse's responsibilities with regard to obtaining consent? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse will witness the parent sign the consent forms. The nurse will ensure the parents understand the information contained in the consent. The nurse will ensure the parent signing the consent has the legal authority to do so.

The nurse is caring for a premature baby in the NICU. The mother reports that the infant's normally happy and outgoing 5-year-old sister is acting sad and withdrawn. The nurse understands that due to her developmental stage, the girl is at risk of what happening?

Viewing her baby sister's illness as her fault

A first time breastfeeding mother phones the clinic nurse because she is concerned about her 3-month-old's stools. Which statement indicates a possible problem?

"The stools are foamy and smell terrible."c

A new mother expresses concern to the nurse that her baby is crying and grunting when passing stool. What is the nurse's best response to this observation?

"This is normal behavior for infants unless the stool passed is hard and dry."

An expectant mother states that she read that more African American infants than white infants die before age 1. In response to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse accurately responds that the major reason for the high infant mortality rate is:

Lack of prenatal care

The nurse is conducting a well-child assessment for a 5-year-old boy in preparation for kindergarten. The boy's grandmother is his primary caregiver because the boy's mother has suffered from depression and substance abuse issues. The nurse understands that the child is at increased risk for which developmental problem?

Lack of social and emotional readiness for school

When assessing the home monitoring equipment of a pregnant client, which will the nurse need to further address? Select all that apply.

Mercury thermometer Automated blood pressure cuff Electronic Doppler Electronic uterine monitor

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the mother of a 2-month-old in relation to interpersonal development. Which behavior is most likely to occur over the next 8 weeks?

Mimicking mother's facial expressions

The nurse in a community clinic is caring for a 6-month-old boy and his mother. Which intervention is the priority to promote adequate growth?

Monitoring the child's weight and height

A 2-year-old child is shopping with her mother when she suddenly falls to the ground and begins to scream, "I want it!" over and over regarding a bag of candy. What would the nurse recommend to the mother to deal with this behavior? Select all that apply.

Remain calm and ignore the tantrum. Do not reward the behavior by giving into the toddler's demands and buying the candy. Pick the toddler up and move her to a safe environment but do not give in to her desires.

A parent is comparing a child's development on the growth chart with those of another child and is concerned that her child is not in the "normal" range. What can the nurse inform the parent to alleviate her anxiety?

"Growth charts are just a standard measurement. If your child doesn't fall into the 'normal' range, it doesn't indicate something is wrong."

The nurse is preparing to reduce a young parent's anxiety about a child needing hospitalization. Which action should the nurse prioritize?

Include the parent in the medical decision-making.

The nurse is reveiwing the diet of an 8-month-old infant with the mother who reveals she has been using evaporated milk to make the formula. Which additional ingredient should the nurse ensure she is including in the formula?

Iron

Which of the following can have an influence over the individual's physiologic growth and development trajectory?

Sensory stimulation and nutrition

A nurse informs a 19-year-old client that she is pregnant. The client immediately states that she plans to have an abortion. What would be the most appropriate response from the nurse to this client?

"I'll put together the information that you will need."

The nurse is meeting with a group of new mothers of infants and is leading the discussion related to weaning. Which suggestion should the nurse prioritize to this group of mothers concerning weaning their infant?

"It is important to let the infant set the pace for weaning, no matter what age they are."

In working with the toddler, which statement would be most appropriate to say to the toddler to decrease the behavior known as negativism

"It is time for lunch. I am going to put your bib on."

The nurse is interviewing a 3-year-old girl who tells the nurse: "Want go potty." The parents tell the nurse that their daughter often speaks in this type of broken speech. What would be the nurse's appropriate response to this concern?

"This is a normal, common speech pattern in the 3-year-old and is called telegraphic speech."

The mother of a 15-month-old son is returning to work and wants to place her son in the day care close to work; however, they will only accept potty-trained children. Which response from the nurse will best address this situation in answering the mother's questions of how best to potty train her son?

"Wait a few more months until your son has more muscle control and shows signs that he's ready to be potty trained."

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old child who has come to the clinic with a caregiver and three other children. Which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to ask to clarify the family structure?

"Who all lives in your home?"

A nursing student realizes that which of the following is true about Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

At age 2 to 3 years, the child determines right or wrong by the physical consequence of a particular act.

The nurse is discussing proper discipline with the mother of a 15-month-old boy. Which statement is most important?

Physical punishment such as spanking is discouraged.

A patient receiving physician-prescribed dressing changes and medications in the home by a home care nurse is termed:

Skilled home care

A nurse is looking for information about advocacy activities related to promoting literacy. What group would be most appropriate for the nurse to contact?

Society of Pediatric Nurses (SPN)

The nurse is observing a 24-month-old boy in a day care center. Which finding suggests delayed motor development?

The child is unable to push a toy lawnmower.

When a patient is cared for in the home, the culture of the family must be assessed to determine

Which family members will provide care

Students are reviewing information about family structures and functions. They demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as true?

Despite changes in family structure, the nuclear family is still prominent.

Which of the following may be a strength of the single-parent type of family?

Development of a special parent-child relationship

The nurse is assessing a family in which the parents are going through a divorce. There are three siblings in the family: a 4-year-old girl, a 10-year-old boy, and a 15-year-old girl. Which of the following is an important framework for the nurse to use when assessing the response of each child to the divorce?

Developmental stages

A pregnant home care client calls the nurse and states that her husband just told her that he wants a divorce because he cannot deal with the stress of her being at home all the time. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse assess for this client?

Disabled family coping related to the need for home care

A nurse is providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to an infant with chronic health problems when the mother of the child tells the nurse to discontinue CPR. Which is the most appropriate action by the nurse?

Discontinue all resuscitation efforts.

Which type of play would the nurse use to prepare a preschooler for upcoming surgery to reduce the stress of the event?

Dramatic play

The nurse is assessing the motor skills of a 5-year-old girl. Which finding would cause the nurse to be concerned?

Draws a person with three body parts

A home health nurse receives a referral to change dressings daily for a postpartum patient with an infected cesarean section incision. What should the nurse obtain prior to making this home visit? (Select all that apply.)

Dressing supplies A copy of the patient's referral form with the physician's order

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis whose parents are intensely interested in all aspects of his condition and care. Which is the most effective way of advocating for this child and family?

Helping parents access the area's multidisciplinary cystic fibrosis clinic

A nurse is assessing a patient and family. During the history, which question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask to assist in identifying potential risk areas? Select all that apply.

"Have you had any major changes in your responsibilities lately?" "Does anyone in the family have a problem with substance abuse?" "How would you describe your relationship with your children?"

A veteran nurse overhears a new nurse talking about a patient being discharged on home care. Which of the following statements by the new nurse indicates a need for further instruction on home care?

"Home care is care of persons in their home by a family member."

A mother is concerned because her 14-month-old son, who had a big appetite when breast-feeding a few months ago, seems uninterested in eating solid food. She still breast-feeds him daily, but is thinking of weaning him soon. How should the nurse respond to this mother?

"It is normal for toddlers to lose their appetites; try starting him with just a tablespoonful of food on his plate."

After teaching the mother of a 13-month boy old about suggestions for bathing and hygiene, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the mother states:

"It might be best to give him a bath in the evening."

A mother is concerned about her infant's spitting up. Which suggestion would be most appropriate?

"Keep the baby sitting up for about 30 minutes afterward."

The parent cannot understand why the 12-month-old can throw a ball but cannot catch a ball. Which statement by the nurse helps the parent understand this?

"Maturation of neurological and muscular functioning has not occurred for this skill."

If the infant is following a normal pattern of dentition, the child would most likely have how many teeth by the age of 14 months?

Six to 12 teeth

The nurse is interviewing a 3-year-old girl who tells the nurse: "Want go potty." The parents tell the nurse that their daughter often speaks in this type of broken speech. What would be the nurse's appropriate response to this concern

"This is a normal, common speech pattern in the 3-year-old and is called telegraphic speech."

The nurse knows that the emancipated minor is considered to have the legal capacity of an adult and may make his or her own health care decisions. Which child would potentially be considered an emancipated minor?

A minor who is pregnant

A nurse is providing care to a group of childbearing families from a different culture at the local family health clinic. Which action should the nurse prioritize?

Assess personal feelings about that culture.

A healthy client without a primary care provider is exploring the options available for a health care provider to assist with her pregnancy. Which health care provider can the nurse point out as a best option?

Certified nurse midwife

The nurse is conducting a postpartum home visit. Which action would not necessarily be a responsibility of a visit?

Conducting a well-baby visit to start the child's immunizations

A nurse is analyzing a journal article presenting statistics concerning newborn and infant health. Which condition has been determined to be the most likely cause of infant mortality in the United States?

Congenital abnormalities

A nurse is teaching a new mother from Latin America about breast-feeding before discharge. The proper language translation service is used, and the patient smiles to acknowledge her understanding. On the second day after discharge, a home health nurse visits the family and discovers that the mother is pumping her milk and discarding it. The hospital nurse did not take what aspect into her teaching of this new mother?

Cultural differences and beliefs regarding breast-feeding

While awaiting an appointment at the doctor's office for his 20-month-old daughter, a young father is astonished to see his daughter assume a proper stance and swing a toy golf club in the play area of the waiting room. A nurse also observes the behavior, and the father recalls that his daughter saw him practicing his golf swing in their back yard a few days ago. The nurse explains that this is an instance of which of the following?

Deferred imitation

A 7-year-old client on a ventilator who is being cared for at home is admitted to the hospital for the fourth time in a 6-week period for respiratory complications. What might be the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?

Deficient knowledge

A young woman with severe hyperemesis gravidarum is on home care and will have an intravenous line started to administer fluid. Which of the following complications is this treatment trying to prevent?

Dehydration

A nurse is teaching a 7-year old diabetic child who is in Piaget's concrete operational stage about insulin injections. Based on Piaget's theory, what would be the nurse's best method of preparation for this child?

Demonstrate the procedure on a teddy bear.

A 16-year-old child is admitted to the hospital for treatment after a motor vehicle crash. Review of the child's record reveals that she has the legal right to consent to and make decisions for treatment. What is the term for this client's status?

Emancipated minor

The United States has one of the highest gross national products in the world and is known for its technological capabilities, but its infant mortality rate among developed nations in 2004 was ranked 29th. Which factor has the greatest impact on decreasing these rates?

Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care

The nurse establishes the following plan of care based on the nursing diagnosis: Caregver role strain related to infant crying throughout night as manifested by parents stating, "We are exhausted." Which nursing interventions are included in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Establish a quieting ritual for infant before bed. During night awakening, keep interactions minimal. Having one parent awake at a time with infant

An obese 16-year-old is about to be discharged. She tells the nurse that she does not like weighing so much and that all the kids at school make fun of her. What is the most important thing the nurse should encourage her to do to lose weight?

Exercise more

Assessment of an adult client reveals that he lives with his wife and three children. The client's father-in-law lives in an in-law suite attached to the client's home. The client's parents live about a block away and visit the family often. The nurse interprets this as which type of family?

Extended family

Broken fluency is a serious condition, and children who exhibit it should be referred to a speech pathologist for treatment.

False

The role of a home care assistant includes not only recording a blood pressure reading but evaluating the reading and explaining its significance to the client.

False

In developing a care map for a family with a child with chronic illness, the nurse completes a family APGAR as a means of assessing which of the following?

Family interactions

In order to advocate for children and families, the nurse must first acknowledge that the basic system in which health behavior and care are organized, secured, and performed is the:

Family.

The nurse works at the local public health office. Which is a major but often overlooked problem in this setting?

Fetal mortality

Nursing students are learning about family structure and want to learn about their own families. Which of the following diagrams could they use that will show family structure?

Genogram

Which theorist advocates that responses to morality have gender differences based in child-rearing practices of boys and girls?

Gilligan

The nurse finds the diet of a 30-month-old girl to be low in calcium. What suggestion can significantly increase this toddler's calcium intake?

Give her slices of cheddar cheese as a snack.

A mother brings her daughter to the office for a physical examination that is required prior to the child attending preschool. The patient starts screaming immediately when the nurse begins to examine her. What is the nurse's best action at this time?

Give the child a stethoscope to play with and allow the preschooler to listen to her heart.

A trend with growth and development of the infant is that development is proximodistal. This means:

Growth progresses from gross motor movements to fine motor movements.

The nurse is completing a physical assessment of a 15-month-old Which objective data would the nurse document as normal findings? Select all that apply.

Heart rate of 100 beats per minute Lordosis Waddling gait

A nursing student will correctly identify that growth is measured by which of the following patterns?

Height and weight

Which of the following are potential disadvantages of home care? Select all that apply.

Home care can actually increase the cost for an individual family if the family's insurance does not cover the cost of nursing visits or necessary supplies It can cause increased anxiety and concern because pregnant women or family members are asked to assume a much greater responsibility for monitoring their own or a child's condition The physical care required can be overwhelming for family caregivers Bed rest at home can cause social isolation and the disruption of normal family life

A nurse who has been caring for a 10 year old for the last 2 weeks has noticed that even though the mother has stayed by his side, the two have barely spoken. The mother is on her cell phone constantly; the patient listens to music on earphones all the time. What is the most logical reason for this lack of communication?

Increased technology

An expectant mother has arranged for her massage therapist to provide gentle hand, arm, and neck massage for the client while she is in labor in the hospital. Which trend in today's health care environment is most related to this arrangement?

Increasing use of alternative treatment modalities

A 10-year-old girl is excited when she receives the "most improved player" award on her softball team. Although she was not the strongest player on the team, she always tried to perform at her best level and never gave up on practicing her skills. What stage of psychosocial development according to Erik Erikson is this child demonstrating?

Industry versus inferiority

A 2-year-old child has been diagnosed recently with leukemia. She has been admitted to the hospital for initiation of treatment. The family is trying to cope with the new diagnosis, and family members describe themselves as being "in a state of shock." In working with the family, which of the following would be the priority nursing diagnosis?

Ineffective family coping related to new illness of the child

A mother brings her 2-year-old child to the pediatrician's office, voicing concerns about her toddler's growth over the last year. According to the child's records, the toddler has gained 6 pounds (2.7 kg ) and grown 2.5 in (6.25 cm) since his last visit a year ago. How should the nurse respond to this mother's concerns?

Inform the mother that her toddler's growth is within normal limits and there is nothing to be worried about.

Erik Erikson described human psychosocial development as a series of tasks that must be mastered before moving on to the next task. The stage in which the child is more assertive and starts to accept punishment for doing wrong is which stage?

Initiative vs. guilt

The nurse is caring for a toddler in the pediatric unit and notes the child is responding according to expected developmental stages. Which characteristic will the nurse predict this toddler to exhibit while in the hospital?

Insists on doing a new skill and then asking for help

A home health nurse is scheduled to visit a woman at 32 weeks' gestation who has pregnancy-induced hypertensionthree times a week. The nurse teaches at each visit about dietary sodium restriction, medication compliance, and blood pressure checks. What level of care is this patient receiving?

Intermediate risk

The nurse is assessing the motor skills of an infant who is 9 months old. Which motor skills should the nurse prepare to assess in an infant achieving normal growth and development milestones?

Is eating cereal using the thumb and index finger

The nurse is caring for a young client who was admitted to the hospital. The nurse concludes this client is in Erikson's developmental stage of industry based on which action by the child?

Is seeking interaction and competition with others on the unit

Which statement is not an advantage of home care?

It can increase self-confidence because it allows sick people to rest while others take care of them.

A nurse is planning to provide home care to a family. The nurse assesses the client's community based on which rationale?

It can reveal if there are aspects about a community that contributed to an illness.

When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which physician?

Joseph Lister

A nurse needs to ensure an informed consent has been obtained to provide care to a young client. Which aspect would be the most important for the nurse to consider related to the informed consent?

Knowing the laws in the state where care is being provided

An 8-year-old boy is looking at his father's razor and shaving cream in the bathroom medicine cabinet. He watches his father shave daily and asks his father when he will need to start shaving. This child is demonstrating characteristics common during which of Freud's psychoanalytic developmental stages?

Latency stage

A pregnant woman has been ordered on bed rest because of elevated blood pressure and blood glucose level. She does not have a history of hypertension or diabetes. She has been taught how to take and record both her blood glucose level and blood pressure while at home and is to report back to the clinic in 2 weeks. The physician has also arranged for her to have a nurse visit once a week to assess her condition. Which level of home care best describes this patient?

Level one

A group of nursing students are reviewing risk factors for alterations in family processes. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following as a risk factor?

Limited support systems

A staff nurse is talking about Piaget's theory with a nursing student. Infants are in the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development during which object permanence is mastered. An example of an infant displaying this ability is:

Looking for a toy in her crib at the last place she saw it.

A nurse is instructing students about trends in maternal health in developed and developing countries. Which indicator provides the most information about the global adequacy of maternal and perinatal health?

Maternal mortality rate

The nurse is designing a nursing care plan for a toddler with lymphoma, who is hospitalized for treatment. What is a priority intervention that the nurse should include in this child's nursing plan?

Monitoring the toddler for developmental delays

Once temper tantrums have started, which intervention is appropriate?

Move objects out of the way or move the child to prevent injury.

The nurse is assessing an infant girl at its first well-baby visit. The nurse also observes the actions of the 6-year-old brother and parents who share that she was the best anniversary present they received this year. Which type of family will the nurse conclude these individuals represent?

Nuclear

The nursing instructor is teaching a session outlining the necessary skills of a community nurse. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which factor as the foundation of all nursing care?

Nursing process

The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant who is spitting up "all the time." This is the mother's first child. What should be the priority nursing intervention?

Observe the mother while she feeds and burps her infant.

A mother states that her 2-year-old daughter has difficulty falling asleep at night. Upon further assessment, the nurse learns that the toddler takes a 1-hour nap during the late afternoon. Which should the nurse recommend to the mother?

Omit or shorten the nap during the afternoon

A father and his 4-year-old son are waiting in an exam room when the nurse enters and greets them. Which activity that the nurse observes the boy doing would best demonstrate the primary developmental task of the preschool-age child, according to Erikson?

Opening drawers in the room, pulling out supplies, and examining them

The mother of a 5-year-old girl expresses concern over the fact that her daughter is not nearly as verbal as her older two children when they were at that age. She wonders about the reason for this difference. Which factor is most likely to account for this difference?

Ordinal position in the family

A nurse notices that a 4-month-old infant has an asymmetric head, with the back of the skull flattened. Which of the following should she recommend to the parents to correct this condition?

Place the infant on her stomach during play time each day

A nurse realizes safety teaching has been successful when the parents identify which action to help prevent the leading cause of death in preschoolers?

Placing the child is an approved car seat.

The nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair which will illustrate various ways to help introduce siblings to a new member of the family. Which suggestion should the nurse prioritize to help older siblings, especially toddlers, understand the change in the family dynamics?

Plan time for the primary caregiver to focus on the toddler while the secondary caregiver focuses on the infant.

A nursing instructor is preparing to teach a session comparing the various methods for financing health care. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which approach as the one used by Medicaid, which predetermines the rates to be paid to the health care provider regardless of the costs that are actually incurred?

Prospective payment system

The parent of a 4-year-old expressed concern to the nurse that the child still believes the pet that died will come back. What explanation should the nurse give to the parent?

The child is in the stage of magical thinking and cannot understand death.

A pregnant teenager on bedrest tells the home care nurse that she is bored and feels like she is wasting valuable time. What are some suggestions for this patient that may help with her boredom while on bedrest? Select all that apply.

Renew an old hobby. Telephone friends and catch up. Read about pregnancy and prenatal care.

A home care client who is 30 weeks' gestation with triplets reports to the nurse that she is having increasing difficulty getting out of bed to perform hygiene or elimination. Which is the most appropriate intervention?

Request a hospital bed for the home

A 6 year old with severe physical and developmental disabilities is cared for at home by a single parent. What resources does the nurse understand are needed for this parent to continue providing effective care for the child?

Respite care

A nurse is educating a client being discharged with her newborn baby. What is the highest priority item that must be included in the teaching plan?

Restrain the baby in a car seat.

A home health nurse is scheduled to visit a client at 32 weeks' gestation who has chronic hypertension. The client has recently been prescribed a new medication. What intervention can the nurse provide to decrease the risk of medication error?

Review the rules of safe medication administration with the client.

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old boy with a growth hormone deficiency. Which action best reflects using the nursing process to provide quality care to children and their families?

Reviewing the effectiveness of interventions

The nurse is explaining to parents that the preschooler's developmental task is focused on the development of initiative rather than guilt. What is a priority intervention the nurse might recommend for parents of preschoolers to stimulate initiative?

Reward the child for initiative in order to build self-esteem.

A new mother, when asked by a nurse, explains that her 4-month-old infant has been nursing regularly every 3 to 4 hours and seems satisfied. However, the mother recently introduced solid food in the form of unbuttered popcorn to the baby as a supplement, to "get her used to eating solid food." She felt that the popcorn would be safe because it is soft on the baby's gums. What should be the primary nursing diagnosis in this situation?

Risk for aspiration related to feeding the infant an inappropriate food

A nurse is discharging a young patient who has been hospitalized for the last 3 weeks with leukemia. The patient will need home care. When starting the discharge instructions, the nurse focuses on the mother. The father informs the nurse that he will be the one caring for the child. In this case the nurse made an assumption regarding which of the following?

Role fulfillment

A stay-at-home father wants to purchase commercial toddler meals because his 16-month-old girl recently choked on table food. Which food items will the nurse suggest not be given to this child? Select all that apply.

Round foods such as hot dogs, whole grapes, and cherry tomatoes Hard foods such as nuts, raw carrots, and popcorn Sticky foods like peanut butter alone, gummy candies, and marshmallows

A nurse places a toy car in front of a 6-month-old girl. She swats at it, and the car flies across the examination table and lands on the floor. She squeals with surprise and delight. When the nurse puts the toy car in front of her again, she immediately swats it again and laughs as it rolls across the table and falls to the floor again. What has the girl demonstrated?

Secondary circular reaction

A nurse is working with a new mother and her infant daughter. The mother appears exhausted and distraught. She explains that her daughter wakes up at a different time each night, making it difficult for the mother to develop a sleep routine and get enough sleep. Which would be the best nursing diagnosis for the mother?

Sleep deprivation related to lack of rhythmicity in the infant

A nurse is reviewing information about how an increase in family mobility affects the overall health status fo the family. The nurse demonstrates understanding of the information when the nurse identifies which aspect as playing a role?

Services can be inconsistent across local and regional areas

A nurse is caring for a client who has frequent visitors. The client informs the nurse that he belongs to a communal family. Which is the most likely characteristic of a communal family?

Several people living together and sharing work

The nurse conducting a 6-month well-baby check-up assesses for the presence/absence of the asymmetric tonic neck reflex. At this age the reflex:

Should have disappeared

Because of high divorce rates and separations in recent years, there has been a significant increase in the family structure termed:

Single-parent

Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect an 11-month-old infant to have achieved?

Sitting independently

The nurse is assessing the development of a 15-month-old girl during a well-child visit. Which skill would the nurse expect to see?

Stands alone

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old girl with meningitis. What action by the nurse may be considered ethical behavior?

Starting intravenous fluids even though the child protests

The nurse is providing guidance after observing a mother interact with her negative 2-year-old boy. For which interaction will the nurse advise the mother that she is handling the negativism properly?

Telling the child firmly that we don't scream in the office

Genetics have an influence on many aspects of growth and development. The genetic influence that has to do with the way a person thinks, behaves, and reacts is referred to as:

Temperament

A nurse is preparing an educational seminar about the moral and spiritual development of preschoolers. When describing this topic, which information would the nurse include?

Tendency to do good out of self-interest

The nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about the various levels of prevention which nurses are active in. The instructor determines the teaching is successful when the students correctly choose which level of prevention for a nurse who is providing counseling for a victim of abuse at a woman's shelter?

Tertiary

At a physical examination, a nurse asks the father of a 4-year-old how the boy is developing socially. The father sighs deeply and explains that his son has become increasingly argumentative when playing with his regular group of three friends. The nurse recognizes that this phenomenon is most likely due to:

Testing and identification of group role.

In discussing their 2-year-old's behavior with the nurse, which of the parents' statements suggests the child may be ready for toilet teaching?

The child hides behind her bedroom door when defecating.

A newborn is being discharged home with a tracheostomy and tube feeding. The physician has ordered home care. The child's stay-at-home mother states that she wants to be the primary caregiver for this client and wants the father to continue working his regular job. The nurse anticipates achievement of which outcome?

The family will likely be successful.

The nurse is performing an assessment on a 8-month-old infant. The infant's medical history notes that he was born at 32 weeks' gestation. The infant is progressing normally. At what adjusted age should the nurse expect the infant's developmental accomplishments?

The infant will most likely present with developmental skills consistent with a 6-month-old infant.

The nurse is educating a group of parents about child safety practices in a health promotion class. The nurse chooses to focus on this topic because the leading cause of death in children is:

Unintentional injuries.

A nurse is presenting a class on toilet training to a group of parents with toddlers. Which information would the nurse include in the class? Select all that apply.

Using training pants that slide down easily and quickly Praising the child when he or she urinates or defecates Putting the child on the potty chair at regular intervals during the day