Principles of Biomedical Science Final Exam

Red blood cells A.Transport respiratory gases B. combat bacterial infection C. Destroy Viruses

A

Refer to the illustration above. In the diagram, blood in chamber A A. is full of oxygen B. is returning from the vena cava C. is oxygen poor D. has very little plasma

A

Refer to the illustration above. The chambers in the diagram indicated by F is A. the right artrium B. the left atrium C. the right ventricle D. the left ventricle

A

Refer to the illustration above. The vessels indicated by C in the diagram carry deoxygenated blood. The vessels are A.the pulmonary arteries B. the pulmonary veins C. parts of the aorta D. part of the atria

A

All vaccines are produced from killed or weakened A. phagocytes B. pathogens C. helper T cells

B

Killer T cells recognize cells that have been infected by viruses A. only after the infected cells have been ingested by macrophage B. because the infected cells have viral proteins on their surfaces

B

Mature red blood cells A. can live for about a year B.do not have a nucleus C. Promote clotting

B

Moderate fevers (below 103 f) A.Damage essential proteins in your body B. inhibit the growth of pathogens and stimulate macrophage action C. occur late in the disease process after the pathogen is almost eliminated

B

Mucous membranes A. cover all body's surfaces B. line internal body surfaces that are in contact with the environment C. produce antibodies to combat infection

B

Refer to the illustration above. In the diagram, the aorta is indicated by A. C B. D C. G D. H

B

The Y shaped molecules that is produced by plasma cells upon exposure to a specific antigen and can bind to that antigen is called a(n) A. helper T cell B. antibody C. a B cell

B

The first line of defense against infection includes A. mucous membranes B. neutrophilis C.occur late in the disease process after the pathogen is almost eliminated

B

The force exerted against the arterial walls when the heart contracts is called A. hypertension B. systolic pressure C. diastolic pressure

B

The heart chamber that receives blood from the venae cavae is the A. left atrium B. right atrium C. left ventricle D right ventricle

B

The pressure exerted on the inner walls of the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats is the pressure A. systolic B. diastolic C.barometric

B

The redness and swelling associated with an inflammatory response is caused by A. secretion of antibodies B. dilation of local blood vessels C. complement activity D. natural killer cells destroying bacteria

B

The ventricles are A. the upper chambers of the heart B. the chambers of the heart that pump blood to the lungs and to the rest of the body C. the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the lungs and the rest of the body

B

When B cells encounter a pathogen, they A. initiate an inflammatory response B. divide and produce large amounts of anitbody

B

Which of the following pairs is incorrectly associated? A. killer T cells-attack and kill infected cells B. B cells- engulf cells that are infected with microbes

B

A condition known as atherosclerosis results in A. increased circulation to the heart B. larger muscles C. a narrowing of the inner walls of blood vessels

C

A heart attack can result from the blockage of a blood vessel because of A. iron deposits B. hypothyroidism C. plaque build-up

C

After the initial immune response subsides. B cells that continue to patrol body tissues A. are called helper T cells B. develop into phagocytes C. become memory cells

C

Blood entering the right atrium A. is full of oxygen B. is returning from the lungs C. is deoxygenated D. is low in plasma and platelets

C

Hypertension is another name for what condition? A. anemia B. stroke C. high blood pressure

C

Normal blood measure in millimeters of mercury is A. 145/95 B. 130/100 C. 120/80

C

The iron-containing molecule in res blood cells is called A. plasma B. ferric oxide C. hemoglobin

C

The pacemaker responsible for starting a heartbeat A. is located in the brain B. squeezes the ventricles shut C. is a small bundle of cells at the entrance to the right atrium

C

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called A. veins B. capillaries C. Arteries D. venules

C

Ways you can avoid becoming ill include A. staying at home and only interacting with your family B. taking lots of different medications before you get sick C. washing you hands often

C

Which of the following engulfs foreign cells? A. helper T cell B. B cell C. macrophage

C

Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? A. B cells B. antibodies C. the inflammatory response

C

vaccines are effective in preventing disease because they A. interfere with the release of suppressor T cells B. are antibodies directed against specific pathogens C. trigger antibody formation

C

An abnormality involving the platelets would probably effect the process of A. Breathing B. locomotion C.fighting bacterial infection D. blood clotting

D

An artery has much thicker muscle layer than A. a vein B. A capillary C. A Venule D. All of the above

D

B cells A. sometimes remain in the blood for years B. secret antibodies C. are stimulated by helper T cells D. all of the above

D

Defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by foreign substances is a function of A. Red blood cells B. plasma C. platelets D. White blood cells

D

Excess calories and fat in the diet A. lead to obesity B. cause heart disease C. increase the risk of diabetes and heart disease D. all of the above

D

Oxygenated blood from the lungs is received by the A. left ventricle B. right atrium C. left atrium D. right ventricle

D

Pulmonary circulation flows to and from the A. stomach B. liver C. intestines D. lungs

D

Secondary exposure to a pathogen A. results in very rapid production of antibodies B. stimulates memory cells to divide quickly C. may result in destruction of the pathogen before the person knows he or she is infected D. all of the above

D

The Human Circulatory System A. Helps maintain a constant body temperature B. Carries cells that help protect the body from disease C. Helps the body maintain homeostasis D. All of the above

D

The skin repels pathogens A. by functioning as a barrier B. by producing antibiotics C. with sweat, which contains the enzyme lysozyme D. both a and c

D

The smallest and most numerous blood vessels in the body are the A. Venules B. Veins C. Arteries D. Capillaries

D

Refer to the illustration above. The cells shown in the diagram are A. filled with plasma B. platelets C.red blood cells D. white blood cells

c