Properties of the hair and scalp- essential review (Chapter 11)

Hair is approximately ____ protein.

90 percent

Salt bonds are easily broken by strong ____ or ____ solutions.

alkaline or acidic

Hair protein is made up of long chains of _____, which are made up of elements.

amino acids

The technical term for the most common type of hair loss is ____.

androgenic alopecia

Fear or cold causes the __ to contract, which makes the hair stand up straight, giving the appearance of goose bumps.

arrector pili

The small involuntary muscle attached to the underside of the hair follicle is called the __.

arrector pili

A furuncle, or ____, is an acute localized bacterial infection of a hair follicle.

boil

Fragilitas crinium is the technical term for ____ hair that may split at any part of its length.

brittle

The technical term for gray/ unpigmented hair is ____.

canities

A ____ is the result of an acute staphylococci infection and is larger than a furuncle.

carbuncle

Hair is composed of protein that grows from ____ originating within the hair follicle.

cells

The __ is the middle layer of the hair which gives elasticity.

cortex

The outermost layer of the hair is called the __.

cuticle

Pityriasis is the medical term for ____.

dandruff

The small cone-shaped area located at the base of the follicle is the ____.

dermal papilla

A ____ bond joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring amino acids.

disulfide

The ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original form is _____.

elasticity

Two different types of malanin are ____ and pheomelanin.

eumelanin

A tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that encases the hair root is called __.

follicle

The thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root is known as the __.

hair bulb

The ____ is the portion of the hair that is located below the surface of the scalp.

hair root

Full-grown human hair is divided into two principal parts which are known as the hair root and the __.

hair shaft

The __ is that portion of the hair that projects beyond the skin.

hair shaft

Hair flowing in the same direction is known as ____.

hair stream

One basic requisite for healthy hair is a __.

healthy diet

A ____ bond is physical side bond that is easily broken by water or heat.

hydrogen

An abnormal development of hair on areas of the body that normally bear only downy hair is known as ____ or hirsutism.

hypertrichosis

Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle. They mature in a process called ____.

keratinization

The technical term for beaded hair is ____, which may be improved with scalp and hair treatments.

monilethrix

Trichorrhexis nodosa, or knotted hair, is the dry, brittle condition including formation of ____ swellings along the hair shaft.

nodular

The average growth of healthy hair on the scalp is about ____ inch (cm) per month.

one-half (1.25 cm)

Cross-sections of curly hair tend to be ____.

oval

A contagious condition caused by the head louse is ____ capitis.

pediallosis

A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a ____ chain.

polypeptide

The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is known as ____.

porosity

Qualities by which human hair is analyzed are texture, density, ____ and ____.

porosity and elasticity

Cross-sections of straight hair tend to be ____.

round

____ is a highly contagious, animal parasitic skin disease caused by the itch mite.

scabies

Honeycomb ringworm is characterized by dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp called ____.

scutula

Oil glands which consist of a sac-like structure in the dermis are the __ glands.

sebaceous

An oily substance secreted from the sebaceous glands which keeps the skin surface soft and supple is __.

sebum

The two principals types of dandruff include pityraisis capitis ____ (the dry type) and pityriasis ____ (the greasy or waxy type).

simplex and steatoides

The two most common types of __ infections are furuncles and carbuncles.

staphylcocci

The cuticle layer of the hair can be raised by __.

swelling

The technical term for hair found on the head is __ hair.

terminal

Hair is composed of cells arranged in _ layers.

three

Minoxidil is a ____ medication applied to the scalp to stimulate hair growth.

topical

The study of the hair is technically called __.

trichology

The technical term for split hair ends is ____.

trichoptilosis

The technical term for the hair found on the face is known as __.

vellus