Properties of the hair and scalp- essential review (Chapter 11)
Hair is approximately ____ protein.
90 percent
Salt bonds are easily broken by strong ____ or ____ solutions.
alkaline or acidic
Hair protein is made up of long chains of _____, which are made up of elements.
amino acids
The technical term for the most common type of hair loss is ____.
androgenic alopecia
Fear or cold causes the __ to contract, which makes the hair stand up straight, giving the appearance of goose bumps.
arrector pili
The small involuntary muscle attached to the underside of the hair follicle is called the __.
arrector pili
A furuncle, or ____, is an acute localized bacterial infection of a hair follicle.
boil
Fragilitas crinium is the technical term for ____ hair that may split at any part of its length.
brittle
The technical term for gray/ unpigmented hair is ____.
canities
A ____ is the result of an acute staphylococci infection and is larger than a furuncle.
carbuncle
Hair is composed of protein that grows from ____ originating within the hair follicle.
cells
The __ is the middle layer of the hair which gives elasticity.
cortex
The outermost layer of the hair is called the __.
cuticle
Pityriasis is the medical term for ____.
dandruff
The small cone-shaped area located at the base of the follicle is the ____.
dermal papilla
A ____ bond joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring amino acids.
disulfide
The ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original form is _____.
elasticity
Two different types of malanin are ____ and pheomelanin.
eumelanin
A tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that encases the hair root is called __.
follicle
The thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root is known as the __.
hair bulb
The ____ is the portion of the hair that is located below the surface of the scalp.
hair root
Full-grown human hair is divided into two principal parts which are known as the hair root and the __.
hair shaft
The __ is that portion of the hair that projects beyond the skin.
hair shaft
Hair flowing in the same direction is known as ____.
hair stream
One basic requisite for healthy hair is a __.
healthy diet
A ____ bond is physical side bond that is easily broken by water or heat.
hydrogen
An abnormal development of hair on areas of the body that normally bear only downy hair is known as ____ or hirsutism.
hypertrichosis
Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle. They mature in a process called ____.
keratinization
The technical term for beaded hair is ____, which may be improved with scalp and hair treatments.
monilethrix
Trichorrhexis nodosa, or knotted hair, is the dry, brittle condition including formation of ____ swellings along the hair shaft.
nodular
The average growth of healthy hair on the scalp is about ____ inch (cm) per month.
one-half (1.25 cm)
Cross-sections of curly hair tend to be ____.
oval
A contagious condition caused by the head louse is ____ capitis.
pediallosis
A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a ____ chain.
polypeptide
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is known as ____.
porosity
Qualities by which human hair is analyzed are texture, density, ____ and ____.
porosity and elasticity
Cross-sections of straight hair tend to be ____.
round
____ is a highly contagious, animal parasitic skin disease caused by the itch mite.
scabies
Honeycomb ringworm is characterized by dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp called ____.
scutula
Oil glands which consist of a sac-like structure in the dermis are the __ glands.
sebaceous
An oily substance secreted from the sebaceous glands which keeps the skin surface soft and supple is __.
sebum
The two principals types of dandruff include pityraisis capitis ____ (the dry type) and pityriasis ____ (the greasy or waxy type).
simplex and steatoides
The two most common types of __ infections are furuncles and carbuncles.
staphylcocci
The cuticle layer of the hair can be raised by __.
swelling
The technical term for hair found on the head is __ hair.
terminal
Hair is composed of cells arranged in _ layers.
three
Minoxidil is a ____ medication applied to the scalp to stimulate hair growth.
topical
The study of the hair is technically called __.
trichology
The technical term for split hair ends is ____.
trichoptilosis
The technical term for the hair found on the face is known as __.
vellus