Protists
Conjugation
Form of sexual reproduction - A process in which 2 organisms exchange genetic material
B. Flagellates
Giardia is the protist that causes Hiker's Disease. What type of protozoan is is? a) Ciliate b) Flagellate c) Sarcodines d) Algae
A flagellate lives in the gut of a termite and helps it break down food
Give 1 example in which a flagellate is helpful to the host organism?
They are in polish and toothpaste. It's what makes toothpaste gritty.
How are diatoms used in everyday life?
c) by cilia
How do ciliates move? a) By pseudopods b) By flagella c) By cilia
b) Get their food - heterotrophs
How do fungus-like protists get their food? a) Make their own food - autotrophs b) Get their food - heterotrophs
c) with spores
How do fungus-like protists reproduce? a) With fish b) Sexually c) With spores
From ingesting food or water that contains an amoeba or amoebic cysts
How do humans get amoebic dysentary?
The cilia (hairs) sweep in food like oars
How do paramecium get food?
1 cell (unicellular)
How many cells do protozoans have?
2 (macronucleus and micronucleus)
How many nuclei does a paramecium have?
Cilia around the mouth and a single flagella that springs back and forth
How would you recognize a Vorticella?
It makes its own food
If a dinoflagellate has 2 flagella, why it is classified as a plant-like protist?
d) Use its pseudodops to move away from the light
If there is a bright light, what will an amoeba do? a) Grow b) Die c) Expel excess water d) Use its pseudodops to move away from the light
c) Food vacoule
In what organelle is food digested in an amoeba? a) Nucleus b) Contractile vacoule c) Food vacoule d) Pseudopod
Moist environment (wet - salt or fresh water)
In what type of environment would you find protists?
plant-like protists
Is a dinoflagellate a animal-like or plant-like protist?
No
Is a dinoflagellate a protozoan?
Autotroph - makes its own food
Is a dinoflagellate an autotroph or heterotroph?
a) Heterotroph - goes to get its food
Since Giardia is a flagellate which is a protozoan, how does it get food? a) Heterotroph - goes to get its food b) Autotroph - makes its own food
Autotroph - makes its own food
Since a dinoflagellate is a plant-like protist, is it an autotroph or a heterotroph?
a) Make it on their own - autotroph
Since diatoms are plant-like, how do they get food? a) Make it on their own - autotroph b) Go get it - Heterotroph
b) Get their food - heterotrophs
Since protozoans are animal-like protists, how do they get their food? a) Make their own food - autotrophs b) Get their food - heterotrophs
None. Diatoms are plant-like protists. So they make their own food. They are not protozoans which go get food.
What types of protists do diatoms eat?
c) in fresh water
Where do amoeba live? a) In plants b) in the cold c) In fresh water
Both
Which can reproduce using binary fission? Monerans Protists Both
Sarcodines
Which group of animal-like protists captures food using pseudopods? a) Sarcodines b) Ciliates c) Zooflagellates d) Sporozoans
Stentor
Which is larger a Stentor or a Euglena?
a) They are unicellular
Which of the following characteristics describes all protists? a) They are unicellular b) They can be seen with the unaided eye. c) Their cells have nuclei d) They are unable to move on their own.
d. all of the above
Which of the following statements about a paramecium is correct? a) It has two contractile vacoules that remove excess water from the cytoplasm. b) It uses cilia to move. c) It has two nuclei. d) All of the above.
All of them - All plant-like protists make their own food
Which of the plant-like protists that we saw can make their own food? (Think about plant-like protists!)
c) Prokaryote
Which of these does NOT define a protist? (BE CAREFUL!) a) Unicellular b) Heterotroph c) Prokaryote
a) Amoeba
Which one of these moves by the pseduopods? a) Amoeba b) Ciliates
Euglena
Which protist has a light-sensitive eyespot?
A paramecium has an oral groove - like a mouth
Which protist has an oral groove and what human body part it is like?
c) Sarcodines - amoebas
Which protists has pseudopods? a) Algae b) Dinoflagellates c) Sarcodines - amoebas d) Ciliates
All protists have a nucleus - so all of them did
Which protists that we saw had a nucleus?
d) Dinoflagellate
Which type of protist is responsible for red tide? a) Ciliate b) Sarcodines c) Euglena d) Dinoflagellate
They provide 70% of the oxygen and they are the bottom rung of the food chain
Why are plant-like protists important to humans?
The DNA is exchanged but a new organism is not made
Why is conjugation not the same as sexual reproduction?
Sun enables them to make their own food - be autotrophs
Why is sunlight important to plantlike protists?
Because it makes it's own food (autotroph) - it doesn't go get it (heterotroph) like protozoans
Why isn't a dinoflagellate a protozoan?
It already moves very slowly
Why wouldn't you use methyl cellulose on a Volvox specimen?
b) Sarcodines - amoeba
You observe an animal-like protist under a microscope. It has no hairlike or whiplike structures. It moves by forming temporary bulges of cytoplasm. What type of protozoan is it? a) Ciliates b) Sarcodines - amoeba c) Flagellates d) Parasite
1 cell (unicellular)
Approximately how many cells are in the typical protist organism?
a) can be heterotroph under certain conditions
Unlike other algae, euglenoid a) can be heterotroph under certain conditions b) can make their own food c) can move from place to place d) do not have pigments
Cilia, flagella and pseudopods
What are 3 ways protozoans move?
Compost Incinerate Landfill Recycle
What are 4 options for getting rid of trash? (CILR)
Paramecium has cilia. Euglena has flagellates Euglena are smaller Euglena are green. Paramecium are clear (transparent)
What are some differences between a paramecium and a euglena?
single celled, reproduce asexually, have nucleus
What are some things that all protists have in common? (Think cells and reproduction)
Rods, spirals, spheres
What are the 3 shapes of monerans?
1) Ciliates 2) Pseudopods 3) Sporozoans 4) Zooflagellates
What are the four groups of protozoans (animal-like protists? (CPSZ) or (SPCZ)
d) Chloroplasts
What are the green, food-making organelles in euglenas called? a) Ciliates b) Flagella c) Donuts d) Chloroplasts
Flagella
What are the long, whiplike structures that help flagellates move?
A = Algae D= Dinoflagellates D = Diatoms E = Euglena
What are the three (or four) groups of plant-like protists? (ADDE) (ADED)
Protists are larger and have a nucleus
What are two differences between a protist and a moneran?
There is excessive build-up of CO2 around the earth. That CO2 forms a blanket that traps the heat in the earth
What causes climate change?
The red pigment allows them to absorb the small amount of light that is available deep in the ocean where they live
What causes red algae to be red rather than green?
clear
What color is Vorticella?
b) Blue-green
What color is a Stentor? a) Clear b) Blue-green c) Green
c) Green
What color is a Volvox? a) Clear b) Blue-green c) Green
cell wall
What do fungus-like protists have that plants have?
ciliate
What do we call a protist that moves using cilia? (You know this Danni!)
a) Protist colony
What do you call a bunch of identical single-celled (1 cell) organisms that live together? a) Protist colony b) Animal colony
c) Mutualism
What do you call a close relationship between 2 species in which both benefit? a) Conjugation b) Symbiosis c) Mutualism d) heterotroph
b) Animal colony
What do you call a collection of different cells that form a single organism? a) Protist colony b) Animal colony
Host
What do you call the organism that a parasite lives off of?
b) Contractile vacuole
What does a freshwater protozoaon use to pump excess water out of it body? a) Cytoplasm b) Contractile vacuole c) Cell wall d) Cilia
To live off another organism (or have a close relationship with another organism) and to cause that host organism harm
What does it mean to be a parasite?
b) Sporozoans
What group of protists contains the organism that causes malaria? a) Ciliates b) Sporozoans c) Pseudopods
If there is no sun, they become heterotroph.
What has to be absent for a euglena to become a heterotroph?
Blepherisma are larger and pink - Paramecium are transparent (clear)
What is a difference between a Blepherisma and a Paramecium?
b) A hard cover some protists have (parmecium)
What is a pellicle? a) A bird b) A hard cover some protists have (parmecium) c) a type of conjugation d) Mr. D
False foot
What is a pseudopod?
A slide with an indentation that holds the water
What is a well slide?
Pseudopod
What is another word for false feet?
The amoeba uses its pseudopods to move away from light
What is one example of an amoeba responding to a stimulus?
It can become a heterotroph. It can feed on another organism
What is one reason why a euglena can be considered animal-like?
Excess water
What is stored in the contractile vacuole?
A protozoa is a kind of protist - an animal-like kind
What is the difference between a protist and a protozoa?
Conjugation
What is the exchange of DNA that is not a type of asexual reproduction called?
Paramecium
What is the genus of Paramecium multimicronucleatum?
fungus-like
What is the third type of protist? There are plant-like, animal-like and ????
d) Food vacuole
What organ does the sarcodine use to digest FOOD! (You know this Danni!) a) Contractile vacuole b) Cytoplasm c) Cell membrane d) Food vacuole
A zooflagellate called Trypanosoma
What protist causes African Sleeping Sickness?
none - sporozoans don't move
What structure do sporozoans use to move around?
Dinoflagellates
What type of protist has two flagellates that causes it to spin or twirl like a top?
B. Ciliates
What type of protist is a paramecium? a) Protozoan b) Ciliate c) Amoeba
b) Animal-like
What type of protists are protozoans? a) Plant-like b) Animal-like c) Fungus-like
c. dinoflagellates
What type of protists twirl like a top when they swim? a) Paramecium b) Ciliates c) Dinoflagellates d) Euglenoids
Sarcodines
What type of protozoa is an amoeba? a) Sarcodines b) Ciliates c) Flagellates d) Parasites
Giardia (a flagellate)
What type of protozoan is responsible for the condition known as hiker's disease? a) Amoeba b) Paramecium c) Giardia (a flagellate) d) Parasite
b) Autotrophs
All of the plant-like protists are a) Heterotrophs b) Autotrophs
Autotroph
An organism that makes its own food
protist
A eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus.
B. Ciliates
A parmecium is what kind of protozoan? a) Sarcodines b) Ciliates c) Flagellates d) Parasite
b) Contractile vacuole
A protist structure that collects water and expels it from the cell is called what? a) pseudopod b) Contractile vacuole c) Cilia d) Spore
d) diatom
A type of unicellular plant-like protist with beautiful, glasslike cell walls is a a) water mold b) ciliate c) green algea d) diatom
Autotroph
Are algae (plant-like protists) heterotrophs or autotrophs?
plant-like protists
Are algae animal-like, plant-like or fungus-like protists?
yes
Are fungus-like protists able to move?
Heterotroph
Are fungus-like protists autotrophs or heterotrophs?
both
Are protists found in fresh water or salt water?
Heterotroph
Are protozoans (animal-like protists) heterotrophs or autotrophs?
animal-like protists
Are protozoans animal-like, plant-like or fungus-like?
Protists (plant-like protists) and Monerans
Autotrophic organisms make their own food. Which kingdoms have autotrophic organisms? Monerans Protists Funghi
Heterotroph
Cannot make its own food - gets food from somewhere else
b) Plant-like
Diatoms, dinoflagellates, euglena, and algae are what kind of protist? a) Fungus-like b) Plant-like c) Animal-like
no
Do Sporozoans move?
yes
Do all protists have a nucleus?
asexual reproduction but they also do conjugation
Do ciliates reproduce sexually or asexually? (Danni - I changed this after review) Conjugation is not sexual reproduction so it's just)
yes
Does an amoeba have a cell membrane?
The plant-like protists -- euglena, dinoflagellates, volvox
Name one protist that contains chloroplasts?
It's a heterotroph because it's a flagellate which is a protozoan
So... Is the Giardia protist a heterotroph or an autotroph?
Cilia
The hair-like structures that help parmecium and other ciliates move
c) Symbiosis
The interaction between two species in which at least one of the species benefits is called what? a) Budding b) Conjugation c) Symbiosis d) Cholorplast
True
True or False - Algae are a kind of plant-like protist
True
True or False - Algae can exist in many colors?
False
True or False - Both funghi and monerans are eukaryotes?
False - they use cilia
True or False - Ciliates use flagella to move
False - some euglena are heterotrophs
True or False - Euglena are always autotrophs?
False - Cilia
True or False - Flagella are hairlike projections from cells that move with a wavelike pattern.
False - Protozoans are animal-like
True or False - Plant-like protists are called protozoans?
True - green algae lives in colonies
True or False - Protists live in colonies.
False -
True or False - Zooflagellates are protozoans that usually live as parasites inside other organisms.