Prototyping (Collins), SDLC/AGILE/UML
Given the HTML below: <p id="closing">You stay classy, San Diego.</p> how would you select it by its ID in your CSS? closing { } #closing { } .closing { } /closing {
#closing { }
Consider the following HTML element: <input type="text" id="street"> Which of the following CSS rules would make the element span exactly half way across the form? text { width: 50%; } None of the options are correct .street { width: 50%; } #street { width: 50%; }
#street { width: 50%; }
Given the HTML below: <p class="callout" >Sixty percent of the time it works every time.</p> how would you select it by its Class in your CSS? callout{} #callout{} .callout{} /callout{}
.callout{}
Which of the following is the correct syntax for a CSS comment? * comment text * /* comment text /* / comment text \ /* comment text */
/* comment text */
If I told you that an open tag looked like this: <p id='mypara' class='myclass'>, what would the closing tag look like? <close p id='mypara' class='myclass'> </p id='mypara' class='myclass'> </p> <close p>
</p>
Which of the following is not represented by a symbol in a sequence diagram? Classes Messages Lifelines <<include>> or <<extend>>
<<include>> or <<extend>>
Most of the form controls that we covered in class are actually different "types" of which element? <box> <textarea> <select> <input>
<input>
A <ul> element wouldn't be useful unless it contained one or more of these elements <p> <br> <li> <ol>
<li>
Which of the following pieces of code is the correct way to connect a CSS document with the name "styles.css" to your HTML document via the head tag? <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> <link style="styles.css"> <style a href="styles.css" style> <link type="javascript" href="styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
Which of these is the correct order of elements in a table? <td> is placed inside <tr> <thead> is placed inside <th> <thead> is placed inside <tr> <td> is placed inside <th>
<td> is placed inside <tr>
Bootstrap is _____. A set of JavaScript code A set of CSS classes A set of custom HTML elements A set of CSS classes and JavaScript code
A set of CSS classes and JavaScript code
Consider the structure of an HTML5 table. Which of the following best describes how a table is organized? A table contains cells and each cell contains rows A table contains rows and each row contains cells A table contains columns and each column contains rows A table contains rows and each row has a header, body, and footer
A table contains rows and each row contains cells
Which of the following html elements can be defined as a "row" in your Bootstrap layout? <footer> <main> All options listed here can be set as a "row" in Bootstrap <header> <div>
All options listed here can be set as a "row" in Bootstrap
Bootstrap provides a number of classes to style a table. As discussed in class, which of the following will require you to write your own CSS rules? Applying a stripped pattern in your rows Applying borders to your table cells Applying color styles to the header and footer sections Applying hover effects
Applying color styles to the header and footer sections
User stories: Are simply a format for writing requirements from the viewpoint of stakeholders (users) Are simply a format for writing requirements from the viewpoint of the system Are written after the code is completed to communicate with the users Are never discussed or refined
Are simply a format for writing requirements from the viewpoint of stakeholders (users)
Actors in a use case diagram: Are those who interact with the system Are primarily responsible for identifying the use cases Only receive information from the system, but do not send any information to the system Only send information to the system, but do not receive any information from the system
Are those who interact with the system
How many elements should your document have? As many as you need or want to make it clear and organized As few as possible Less than 128 42
As many as you need or want to make it clear and organized
Examine the HTML and the CSS below. <style> #opening-paragraph { color: blue; } .callout { color: red; } </style> <p id="opening-paragraph" class="callout">Breaking Story! Bloomington Indiana rated as the number one place to live.</p> Consider the order of precedence with CSS. The text in the paragraph on the page will appear as which of the following colors? green red black (default) blue
Blue
Which of the following statements is FALSE when it comes to having access to Bootstrap? Uncompiled Bootstrap source files can be download and edited before being installed on your web server. Bootstrap is a feature that comes with all major web server platforms. Compiled Bootstrap files can be downloaded and installed on your web server. You can link to Bootstrap files that are hosted on other websites called CDNs.
Bootstrap is a feature that comes with all major web server platforms.
The attribute colspan="2" will do which of the following? Causes the cell to include its current position and extend into the column to the right The attribute colspan is not a valid HTML attribute Causes the cell to include its current position and extend down to the row below it Creates one column with two cells in it
Causes the cell to include its current position and extend into the column to the right
The scrum master: Decides what commitments the development team should make Is responsible for delivery of a product at the end of a sprint Coaches and protects the scrum team Works very closely with stakeholders to gather requirements
Coaches and protects the scrum team
In case of buying a system from a vendor, what are the typical activities during the construction phase of SDLC? Requirement documentation and modeling Configuring the system and customizing, if needed Change management and training User acceptance test and deployment planning
Configuring the system and customizing, if needed
If you have "Student" as an actor in a use case diagram interacting with a use case (i.e., pay tuition) and there are two types of students ("Undergraduate" and "Graduate") who can perform two different use case (i.e., enroll undergraduate course and enroll graduate courses, respectively), how should you present these actors in the use case diagram? Remove the "Student" actor from the diagram and only keep "Undergraduate" and "Graduate" student actors in the diagram Create a "generalize" relationship among "Student," "Undergraduate," and "Graduate" Create an "extend" relationship among "Student," "Undergraduate," and "Graduate" Create an "include" relationship among "Student," "Undergraduate," and "Graduate"
Create a "generalize" relationship among "Student," "Undergraduate," and "Graduate"
Which of the following are the main types of operations that are performed on a class (or an object)? Use Case, Business Process, Class, and Sequence Diagrams Create, Read, Update, and Delete Public, Private, Protected, and Derived Actor, Boundary, Controller, and Entity
Create, Read, Update, and Delete
In scrum, the development team: Decides "how" things should be done Helps facilitate the process by coaching Signs off on how many items should be done at the end of the project Gathers the requirements from the stakeholders
Decides "how" things should be done
Agile approaches such as Scrum do not encourage or allow heavy design upfront. Therefore, UML diagrams, such as use case, class, and sequence diagrams are only used in software development projects that follow an SDLC approach, such as waterfall. True False
FALSE
An advantage of generalization in a class diagram is that a super-class is able to inherit attributes and operations from a sub-class. True False
FALSE
An effective story time meeting in the beginning of a sprint can help reduce the number of daily scrum meetings during the sprint. True False
FALSE
Daily scrum is the most ideal time to discuss the details of impediments and seek guidance from scrum master about how to address these impediments. True False
FALSE
If a scrum master feels that the story time meeting has been very effective, he or she may decide to cancel the sprint planning meeting to save time and money. True False
FALSE
Implementing an entire package software across a few select units of an organization first before deploying it for all the units is known as the big bang approach of deployment. 1) True 2) False
FALSE
Once a sprint begins in a scrum project, spring backlog items, such as user stories (not the tasks), are locked down and do not change until the next sprint. True False
FALSE
Sprint review meetings take place in the beginning of a sprint in a scrum project to discuss how the tasks are distributed among the team members. True False
FALSE
The goal of SDLC is to produce a working product quickly to get buy-in from the key stakeholders before deploying it for all the users. 1) True 2) False
FALSE
The goal of a sprint in scrum is to produce a fully functional product even if it requires a few extra days beyond the sprint duration. True False
FALSE
True or False: Once I establish a row layout in my page, all other rows in the page must follow the exact same pattern. True False
FALSE
True or False: The padding property controls the spacing outside the border of an element. True False
FALSE
True or False: When creating the base structure for navigation with Bootstrap, you no longer use a <ul> list with links inside the <li> element, and instead use Bootstrap's custom HTML navigation element <navigation>. True False
FALSE
True or False: You need a connection to the Internet to test basic HTML code such as your document structure, headings, paragraphs, and lists. True False
FALSE
True or False? <th> is just a shorter way to write <thead>? True False
FALSE
True or False? It is possible to have a Web page with only CSS and no HTML? True False
FALSE
True or False? You need to use both height and width attributes to shrink your image by half. True False
FALSE
Why should you split your table into header, body and footer using the 'thead', 'tbody' and 'tfoot' elements? Header, body and footer rows can be styled individually This is wrong. You should never split your tables into thead, tbody, and tfoot You cannot use <th> without <thead> The browser needs to know the thead, tbody, and tfoot of a table to display a table
Header, body and footer rows can be styled individually
What is the purpose of the 'alt' attribute in an <img> element? It describes the information the image conveys or its function It is used to identify the location of the image It display information about an ambiguous image as a tooltip It links to a URL
It describes the information the image conveys or its function
Which of the following is a true statement about Scrum? It starts with a project plan and all requirements being defined It starts with a project goal and some prioritized requirements It ends when all requirements initially identified are completed/met It only requires coding with no process to support it
It starts with a project goal and some prioritized requirements
What is the general best practice for leveraging CSS from an HTML page? Write your CSS rules directly in the HTML elements Enter CSS directly into a <style> block on the HTML page Link to a CSS file by using a <link> tag
Link to a CSS file by using a <link> tag
The list items (li) in a unordered list (ul) each have bullet points next to them by default. What is the CSS declaration you would use to remove them? Bullet: none; This is not possible to do with CSS List: none; List-style-type: none;
List-style-type: none;
Our primary goal when designing forms is to: Try to collect as much information as we possibly can from the user Make them as user-friendly as possible Make them look as good as possible Make it match the rest of the webpage
Make them as user-friendly as possible
<a href="https://kelley.iu.edu" target="_blank">Kelley School of Business</a> What does the code above do? Opens the page in the same tab or window Doesn't do anything because the code above is invalid Opens the page in a new tab or window
Opens the page in a new tab or window
Which of the following is NOT part of the Agile Manifesto? Processes over people Being adaptable over following a plan Working software over documentation Negotiations over contracts
Processes over people
Which of the following is not a valid reason for using relative estimation to calculate story points in Scrum? Relative estimation is generally faster It encourages team thinking and talking Product owners prefer relative estimation Humans are reasonably good at relative estimation
Product owners prefer relative estimation
A use case description: Lists the actors interacting with all use cases in the system Provides details about each step performed in a given use case Describes the interactions between actors of several systems Lists the titles of all use cases in the system
Provides details about each step performed in a given use case
"Extend" use cases: Represent use cases that describe user or system errors Represent use cases that are always done as related to the main use case Represent use cases that are special cases or instances of another use case Represent use cases that are conditionally done as related to the main use case
Represent use cases that are conditionally done as related to the main use case
Relative estimation is a highly recommended approach of estimating the size of user stories in a scrum project. True False
TRUE
Systems development approaches such as SDLC may help organizations maximize value and minimize risks in IT projects. 1) True 2) False
TRUE
The scrum team decides how much it is willing to commit to produce during a given sprint of a scrum project. True False
TRUE
True or False? It is possible to have a Web page with only HTML and no CSS? True False
TRUE
The ball point game that we did in class yesterday did not underscore this following characteristic of an agile team... Team decides how it will achieve the goals Team sets its own goals Team removes members who do not adapt Self organization
Team removes members who do not adapt
Which of the following is a reason occasionally used by project teams and companies for not testing systems adequately? Testing was not part of the requirement Testing takes too long and costs too much! Traditional SDLC approach does not require testing Testing is done as part of ongoing maintenance and support
Testing takes too long and costs too much!
Which CSS property will let you remove the underline from an element such as a hyperlink? Text-decoration Underline Font-style Font
Text-decoration
Use cases should ideally represent: The main sets of data that a system should store in the database The main functionality of a system that you are designing The lowest level tasks in a system that an actor performs The main operations of a company for which you are designing a system
The main functionality of a system that you are designing
If I create my own CSS class with the same name as one of the Bootstrap classes, which one of the following is the most accurate description of what will happen? All of the properties in my rule will be ignored and the browser will only apply the properties from the Bootstrap rule The properties that I specify in my rule will be changed but all other properties in the Bootstrap rule will still apply An error will appear on the broser because we have two classes with the same name All properties of the Bootstrap rule will be ignored and the browser will only apply the properties that I specify
The properties that I specify in my rule will be changed but all other properties in the Bootstrap rule will still apply
What is NOT true about acceptance criteria? They form the "boundaries" of the story (what is/ is not in scope) They are the result of a dialog between the development team and product owner They are defined only for the most technical requirements They help the Scrum team know when a story is complete
They are defined only for the most technical requirements
What is the purpose of attributes? They identify the end of an element They can be added to your page instead of one of the basic HTML elements They identify the beginning of an element They are used to add extra info to a tag, like a unique identifier
They are used to add extra info to a tag, like a unique identifier
Which of the following is the correct way to specify that a block element should occupy 4 columns of the Bootstrap grid when viewed on a typical smart phone? class="col-4" class="col-xs-4" class="col-size-4" class="col-phone-4"
class="col-xs-4"
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of CSS easily maintainable styles can make all HTML documents look similar creates the content for the page content authors don't have to worry about style
creates the content for the page
Which of these input field types have been introduced with HTML5? select text password date
date
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>My HTML page</title> <style> ... </style> </head> <body> <p> This is HTML element 1 </p> <p> This is HTML element 2 </p> <div> This is HTML element 3 </div> </body> </html> If these CSS rules: body { color: crimson; } p { color: cream; } were included in the above HTML, which elements in the body would have crimson text? all three elements correct element 3 elements 1 and 2 element 2 element 1
element 3
Consider the following code:<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>My HTML page</title> </head> <body> <p> This is HTML element 1 </p> <p> This is HTML element 2 </p> <div> This is HTML element 3 </div></body> </html> If this CSS rule: p { color: orange; } was included in the above HTML, which element(s) inside the body would have orange text? element 2 all three elements element 1 elements 1 and 2 element 3
elements 1 and 2
If you have the following CSS rules: input {color: #cccccc; border: 1px solid black; } select { color: #cccccc; border: 1px solid black; } textarea { color: #cccccc; border: 1px solid black; } how can those be re-written into one rule? none of the above input.select.textarea {color: #cccccc; border: 1px solid black;} input select textarea {color: #cccccc; border: 1px solid black;} input, select, textarea {color: #cccccc; border: 1px solid black;}
input, select, textarea {color: #cccccc; border: 1px solid black;}
According to the lecture, it is best practice to include both the name and ID attributes for every form input. What is true about these two attributes: name and ID must always have the same value The video does not recommend setting both a name and an ID name is what the server script will use to identify the field while ID is how JavaScript and CSS will identify the field ID is what the server script will use to identify the field while name is how JavaScript and CSS will identify the field
name is what the server script will use to identify the field while ID is how JavaScript and CSS will identify the field
The "value" attribute is used for which of the following: specify a different value for the form field than what is displayed to the user change text into a number value specify that only numbers can be typed into a field there isn't a value attribute in HTML
specify a different value for the form field than what is displayed to the user
Given the following code... <label for="???">Spouse</label><input type="text" id="spouse2"> What should we enter in place of ??? to associate the label with the input field? text Nothing. The For attribute is not a valid attribute spouse2 input
spouse2
Which of the following is a required attribute in an image tag? height title width src
src
How many columns make up a row in the Bootstrap grid system? 12 20 10 6
12
A <select> element would not be very useful without one or more of these elements inside of it. <item> <choice> <input> <option>
<option>
Which tag do we use to for creating CSS code in our HTML document? <css> ... </css> <style> ... </style> <div> ... </div> <link> ... </link>
<style> ... </style>
Which of the following tags will you use to add cells to the table header? <th> <head> <tr> <td>
<th>
In a sequence diagram, a lifeline is identified by: A dashed vertical line A vertical rectangular bar A solid horizontal line A dashed horizontal line
A dashed vertical line
This type of frame in a sequence diagram is similar to an "IF...ELSE" structure in programming. Loop Opt Alt Ref
ALT
Which of the following is true for a sequence diagram? An entity class can only interact with a controller class All of these answers An actor can only interact with a boundary class A boundary class cannot directly interact with an entity class
All of these answers
This is true about the boundary class: Boundary classes are optional in all sequence diagram A boundary class can send a message to another boundary class. Each entity class should be matched with one and only one boundary class An actor must interact with a boundary class
An actor must interact with a boundary class
In a sequence diagram, the class responsible for implementing the flow of logic is called: Boundary class Actor class Controller class Entity class
Controller class
The sequence diagrams encapsulated in the "ref" frames can be thought of as equivalent to: Creating a single sequence diagram for the entire system Independent actors who do not have a role in a sequence diagram Entity classes that are outside the scope of a sequence diagram Extend and Include use cases
Extend and Include use cases
A daily scrum is the most ideal time to clarify user requirements from a product owner. True False
FALSE
A sprint retrospective meeting is not necessary to hold if a product owner fully accepts the product during the sprint review meeting. True False
FALSE
Build vs. buy decisions are made during the planning phase of SDLC. 1) True 2) False
FALSE
True or False? Every cell in a table must be the exact same size (same height and width). True False
False
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Scrum project? Independent analysis and design phases with signoffs Ability to inspect and adapt Scrum process Scrum teams set their own goals Self-organizing Scrum teams
Independent analysis and design phases with signoffs
Do the style rules in an external CSS file, like my_file.css, need to be surrounded by <style> ... </style> tags? No Yes
NO
This type of frame in a sequence diagram is similar to an "IF" structure in programming that does NOT CONTAIN an "ELSE" statement. Loop Ref Alt Opt
OPT
A "ref" frame is used in a sequence diagram when _____. You have loops inside of other loops You need a frame to act as the "referee" to control the flow of logic in a sequence diagram You need to check a condition similar to an IF statement One sequence diagram needs to refer to another sequence diagram
One sequence diagram needs to refer to another sequence diagram
What do we call the part of a CSS rule that attaches the style to a specific type of HTML element? Value Selector Property Definition
Selector
Which of the following is NOT a valid value for a form's "method" attribute? All of the options are valid Post Send Get
Send
Which UML diagram helps us understand how many pages we will need in our prototype for a given process? Use Case Diagram None of the UML diagrams can help us with this Class diagram Sequence diagram
Sequence Diagram
"Include" use cases are used to present reusable processes or functions (that can be used in multiple use cases). True False
TRUE
A sequence diagram simply depicts interaction between objects in a sequential order, i.e. the order in which these interactions take place. True False
TRUE
A sprint backlog is a list of user stories or backlog items the scrum team has committed to complete in a given sprint. True False
TRUE
A sprint backlog keeps the record of backlog items (e.g., user stories) that a scrum team has committed to complete in a sprint. True False
TRUE
During the sprint review meeting in a scrum project, a product owner accepts or rejects a product developed during that sprint. True False
TRUE
Facilitated sessions are usually better for requirements elicitation than interviews because they help resolve the differences among the stakeholders. 1) True 2) False
TRUE
If a product owner rejects the product increment in a sprint review meeting, the scrum team should take time in the sprint retrospective meeting to discuss how to improve the product in the next sprint. True False
TRUE
Traditional SDLC is popularly known as the waterfall approach of software development. 1) True 2) False
TRUE
True or False: You can use the btn classes to make an anchor <a> element look like a button. True False
True
A product owner: Makes and meets commitments Works with stakeholders Facilitates the Scrum process itself Works on the removal of impediments
Works with stakeholders
If you include the links to the Bootstrap files on your pages, which of the following is true about the use of Bootstrap classes? You can choose to write your own style rules or use the built-in Bootstrap classes for styling page content Bootstrap doesn't provide classes to style the content on your pages You must use Bootstrap classes for all your page content styling You must use Bootstrap classes for elements that are covered in Bootstrap and can only use your own style rules for things that Bootstrap doesn't cover
You can choose to write your own style rules or use the built-in Bootstrap classes for styling page content
Which of the following will turn the paragraph text blue if put inside the following CSS rule? p { // code here } text-color: blue color: blue; font-color = blue font-color-blue;
color: blue;
If you want to have the largest heading possible, which kind of tag you would use? h1 head h h6
h1
The property font-weight controls which of the following? if the text is bold or not the actual font that will be used the size of the text if the text is italic or not
if the text is bold or not
