PSCI 2305 - Final Exam Review

President George W. Bush was a proponent of liberal internationalism in his foreign policy

false

A state might hold a primary instead of a caucus because a primary is

faster and has higher turnout

Which of the following best describes the concept of civil rights?

Powers and privileges guaranteed to individuals and protected against arbitrary withdrawal by the government or individuals

Which statement about new federalism is not true?

President Reagan was able to promote new federalism consistently throughout his administration.

Revolving door laws are designed to do which of the following?

Prevent lawmakers from using their legislative network by becoming lobbyists right after leaving office.

Which of the following was not a third-party challenger?

Whig party

Which of the following is true of spending in politics?

The Supreme Court has opposed restrictions on spending on politics

Which of the following is an aspect of iron triangles?

a symbiotic relationship among Congressional committees, executive agencies, and interest groups

The goals of U.S. foreign Policy include

all of the above (keeping the country safe, securing access to foreign markets, protecting human rights)

What problems exist with the Electoral College?

all of the above (small states are over-represented, the state by state set-up of the college leads to states that are safe wins for one party, leaving many states getting all the attention, its outcomes can differ from the outcome of actual citizens voting)

Saying a bill is being marked up is just another way to say it is being ________.

amended

Someone who lobbies on behalf of a company that he or she works for as part of his or her job is ________.

an in-house lobbyst

The U.S. policy of containment during the Cold War related to keeping:

communism from spreading

How are collective goods different from private goods?

Collective goods offer broadly distributed benefits, while private goods offer particularized benefits

Select some of the major duties and powers of the President

Commander in chief Make treaties Veto legislation

What important power did the national government lack under the Articles of Confederation?

It could not impose taxes

How did the delegates to the Constitutional Convention resolve their disagreement regarding slavery?

It was agreed that 60 percent of a state's slave population would be counted for purposes of both representation and taxation.

Which of the following citizens is most likely to run for office?

Jeffrey Lyons, a 40-year-old lawyer and father of one

British colonists in North America in the late seventeenth century were greatly influenced by the political thought of

John Locke

What is the Bill of Rights?

first ten amendments to the Constitution that protect individual freedoms.

All the following are examples of sharply focused foreign policy outputs except:

international agreements

Today, college students are much more __________ than the general public.

liberal

The War Powers Resolution:

strengthened presidential war powers

The passage of the Tenure of Office Act of 1867 was just one instance in a long line of:

struggles for power between the president and the Congress

At the world's first women's rights convention in 1848, the most contentious issue proved to be _________.

suffrage for women

House leaders are considered to have more power than Senate leaders because of:

the majoritarian nature of the House - can run it like a cartel

The majoritarian model of democracy favors

voting as the primary means of participation.

If you wanted to prove the United States is suffering from low voter turnout, a calculation based on which population would yield the lowest voter turnout rate?

voting-age population

Which of the following is an implied power of Congress?

the power to regulate the sale of tobacco in the states

In terms of formal powers in the foreign policy realm:

the president and Congress share power

What are theories?

A simplification of reality

What are some structural characteristics of federalism?

A written national Constitution Legislative, judicial, and executive authority to the two levels of government Representation of subnational governments at the upper house of the national legislature Two levels of government

How did presidents who served in the decades directly after Washington expand the powers of the presidency?

All of the above (John Adams expanded the war powers by waging undeclared war, Thomas Jefferson negotiated the purchase of Louisiana from France, James Monroe took direct control of foreign policy making when he issued the Monroe Doctrine)

Political campaigns use polls to:

All of the above (get feedback about the success or failure of various campaign tactics, discover voters' perceptions of candidates, devise adjusted strategies)

Which of the following best describes attitudes toward Asian immigrants in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

Asian immigrants were welcomed to the United States and swiftly became financially successful.

The first ten amendments to the Constitution. They prevent the national government from tampering with fundamental rights and civil liberties, and emphasize the limited character of national power.

Bill of Rights

Which of the following is not a foreign policy type?

Bureaucratic oversight

The system of government that favors free enterprises (Privately owned businesses operating without government regulation):

Capitalism

The Trail of Tears is the name given to the forced removal of this tribe from Georgia to Oklahoma:

Cherokee

A political system in which, in theory, ownership of all land and productive facilities is in hands of the people, and all goods are equally shared. The production and distribution of goods are controlled by an authoritarian government. Karl Marx was the main proponent of this:

Communism

These are examples of major advisory styles from Presidents:

Competitive management style Collegial staffing arrangement Hierarchical staff model

Why do Belgium, Turkey, and Australia have higher voter turnout rates than the United States?

Compulsory voting laws

Which is not a merit of cooperative federalism?

Cooperative federalism respects the traditional jurisdictional boundaries between states and federal government.

BONUS: What is the alternative world you as a class chose to live in during our class activity? (Spring 2020)

David's Kingdom

A system of government in which, in theory, the people rule, either directly or indirectly:

Democracy

A policy that discourages aggression by threatening to punish another state if it undertakes certain actions deemed to be unacceptable. Foreign policy decision made by the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. at the end of the Cold War.

Deterrence

Neoconservatism is an isolationist foreign policy approach of a nation keeping to itself and engaging less internationally

False

The division of power between a central government and regional governments:

Federalism

Which of the following is not a benefit of federalism?

Federalism encourages economic equality across the country.

The strategy or approach chosen by the national government to achieve its goals in its relations with external entities. This includes the decision to do nothing:

Foreign Policy

Which supporter of federalism warned people about the dangers of political parties?

George Washington

How did George Washington expanded the power of the presidency?

He appointed the heads of various federal departments as his own advisors

Which statement about federal and unitary systems is most accurate?

In a federal system, the constitution allocates powers between states and federal government; in a unitary system, powers are lodged in the national government.

The Great Compromise successfully resolved differences between:

Large and small states

In class, we have discussed several political theories, please select the ones we have covered from the following list:

Liberalism Realism Marxism

Which of the following makes it easy for a citizen to register to vote?

National Voter Registration Act

A political entity's externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs. It is considered the guiding principle of international relations:

National sovereignty

Which statement about unfunded mandates is false?

New federalism does not promote the use of unfunded mandates.

The amendment granting women's suffrage:

Nineteenth Amendment

American grand strategy that preserves U.S. power as the undisputed pre-eminent power in the international system. According to this strategy, the most advantageous position for achieving national security is to ensure military dominance and preventing the emergence of a multi-power structure.

Off-shore balancing

In which form of government does a small group of elite people hold political power?

Oligarchy

What is the purpose of government?

Redistributing income Promoting equality Providing public goods Maintaining order

A government without a monarch; a government rooted in the consent of the governed, whose power is exercised by elected representatives responsible to the governed. This type of government has been inspired by the writings of Plato and other philosophers:

Republic

The assignment of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to separate branches of government:

Separation of Powers

Which of the following was the first known act of unconventional participation in America?

The Boston Tea Party

What was one of the reasons that lead to the Revolution, when the American Colonies decided they wanted independence from British rule?

The British believed that taxing the colonies was the obvious way to meet the cost of administering colonies.

The agreement that citizens will consent to be governed so long as government protects their natural rights is called

The Social Contract

Which statement about federal grants in recent decades is most accurate?

The amount of federal grant money going to states has steadily increased since the 1960s.

They key means of advancing modern legislation is now :

The budget process

What unusual step did Oregon take to increase voter registration?

The state automatically registers all citizens over 18 to vote

What needs to happen in order to stop a filibuster?

The chamber votes for cloture

Which of the following is a good example of a tradeoff?

The government pleases environmental activists by preserving public lands but also pleases ranchers by allowing them to rent public lands for grazing purposes.

Why are foreign policy issues more complicated than domestic policy issues?

The international environment is Anarchical and therefore unpredictable

What is Grand Strategy?

The overall vision of state's national security goals and a determination of the most appropriate means to achieve these goals

Which of the following is an example of an executive agreement?

The president signs legally binding nuclear arms terms with Iran without seeking congressional approval

How did the election of 1824 change the way presidents were selected?

The selection of the candidate with fewer electoral votes triggered the rise of party control over nominations

What is civil disobedience?

The willful but nonviolent breach of "unjust" laws.

Despite the eloquence of the Federalist Papers, many prominent citizens were unhappy that the Constitution did not list basic civil liberties. One of these prominent citizens was:

Thomas Jefferson

Why were The Federalist Papers written?

To encourage New York to ratify the Constitution.

Each state in the U.S. elects two senators. How are members of the House aportioned?

based on state's population

Senate races tend to inspire:

broad discussion of policy issues

Which of the following is a reason to make voter registration more difficult?

decrease election fraud

U.S. foreign policy goals include all of these except:

decrease its Hegemony

of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation, ___ is the strongest single factor.

education

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 provided for all of the following except:

elimination of the poll tax as a requirement for voting.

The Case Plessy v. Ferguson is noteworthy because

endorsed the separate-but-equal doctrine

Which factor is most likely to lead to the incumbency advantage for a candidate?

gerrymandering of the candidate's district

According to the pluralist theory of government,

government policy is formed as a result of the competition between groups with different goals and interests

The people who make up the modern president's cabinet are the heads of the major federal departments and ________.

must be confirmed by the Senate

The utilization of drones within other countries' borders is consistent with which school of thought?

neoconservatism

One of the most challenging job for the new presidents is to:

nominate and gain confirmation for their cabinet and hundreds of other officials

Susan is currently working two part-time jobs and is frustrated about the poor economy. On Election Day, she votes for every challenger on the ballot, because she feels the president and Congress are not doing enough to help her. What type of vote did she cast?

pocketbook

President Theodore Roosevelt's concept of the bully pulpit was the office's:

premier position to pressure through public appeal

The process of redrawing boundaries for electoral jurisdictions is known as:

redistricting

Many at the Continental Congress were skeptical of allowing presidents to be directly elected by the legislature because ________.

they feared the opportunities created for corruption

The elite theory of government maintains that

wealthy, politically powerful people control government, and government has no interest in meeting the needs of ordinary people