WW1

What were the causes of the Great Depression?

- Overproduction and under consumption - Uneven distribution of income - Stock market speculation, buying on margin - Excessive use of credit

Existentialists believed that

1) believed there are no God-given, timeless truths outside or independent of individual existence 2) existence itself is absurd; human beings are terribly alone, as there is no God to help them 3) because life is meaningless, existentialists believed individuals are forced to create their own meaning and define themselves through their actions

What were the key terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

1. Germany lost huge areas of land. 2. Most of its armed forces were disbanded. 3. Germany had to pay huge reparations. 4. Germany was to accept full blame for the war.

What were the key terms of the New Deal?

1. Social Security 2. Federal Work Programs 3. Environmental Improvement Programs 4. Farm Assistance Programs 5. Increased Rights for Labor

what were the new countries created as a result of the Treaty of Versailles?

9 new nations. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Austria, and Hungary

What key ideas were included in Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?

A free and peaceful world with the League of Nations to preserve the independence of nations.

President Wilson said that his Fourteen Points would provide a framework for

A lasting and just peace.

Whose theory of relativity replaced Newton's comforting belief in a world by absolute laws of motions ad gravity?

Albert Einstein

What was "buying on margin?"

Allowed people to borrow most of the cost of the stock, making down payments as low as 10 percent

What impact did the US participation have on the course and outcome of World War 1?

American entry gave Allied troops a morale boost and much-needed financial aid.

The Schlieffen Plan was designed by the German military to

Attack France first, then fight Russia, to avoid the problem of fighting Allied powers on two fronts.

Why were Germany and Austria-Hungary known as the Central Powers?

Because of their location in the heart of Europe

A comparison of the two maps indicates that one of the results of the war and peace treaty was the

Dismemberment of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire

One major reason for the tension between France and Germany before World War 1 was that

France wanted to regain lands previously seized by Germany.

Great Britain's stated reason for declaring war on 1914 was the

German invasion of Poland.

What two countries engaged in a naval build up that greatly increased tension in Europe prior to World War 1?

Great Britain and Germany

Severe (Blank) in Germany after the war caused great hardship on the people by greatly reducing their purchasing power

Hyperinflation

How did Russia's participation in World War 1 affects its empire?

It destroyed public confidence, started a revolution that brought down the Russian monarchy, and ended Russian participation in World War I.

What impact did the World war 1 have on the economy in Europe?

It drained the treasuries of Europe

The musical style featuring a lively, uninhibited beat that swept through the US and Europe was

Jazz

A major goal of France and Great Britain at the conference of Versailles following World War 1 was to

Keep Germany from rebuilding its military forces.

What is the policy of glorifying power and keeping an army prepared for war?

Militarism

the (blank) was a $200 million loan from the US to stabilize the German economy

The Dawes Plan

Authors Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald are identified with

The Lost Generation

What event in Sarajevo ignited the Great War?

The assassination of Duke Franz Ferdinand and his wife.

How did the German people feel towards the Weimar Republic?

The people blamed the Weimar government for the hated Versailles treaty for placing the blame and reparations on Germany. In 1923, Germany was hit by severe inflation.

Why did Great Britain, France, and Russia form the Triple Entente in 1907?

To counterbalance the threat posed by the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria and Italy.

What aim did Italian leader Vittorio Orlando have during the creation of the Treaty of Versailles?

To gain territory from Austria-Hungary.

What did the war become once the participating countries began devoting all of the resources to the war effort?

Total War

Why did most of the combat on the Western Front in World War 1 take place in a relatively small area?

Trench warfare

What were the problems confronting the new democracies of Europe after World War 1?

Unemployment, a decline in trade, rising taxes, and a weak and divided government. Greed, selfishness, and corruption

What were the reasons that the US entered World War 1?

Unrestricted submarine by German, Zimmerman Note (German minister said to Mexico if they joined the Central Powers, Germany would help them regain the land they lost to the US), American cultural ties to England, and American economic ties to Allies.

During World War 1 US propaganda posters often portrayed German soldiers as

Violators of human rights

What countries formed the Allies at the beginning of World War 1?

Russia, Britain, and France

What did the policy of unrestricted submarine warfare refer to?

Sinking all ships around Britain without warning

According to some historians, Europe's system of alliances prior to 1914 increased the likelihood that

Small disputes would develop into large-scale wars

One contribution of overseas colonies to the Allied effort during World War 1 was that they provided

Soldiers

What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?

Stock Market Crash

The 20th century artistic movement that focuses on workings of the unconscious mind is

Surrealism

What region was referred to as the "powder keg" of Europe?

The Balkans, mountainous peninsula in southeastern Europe

What were the major causes of World War 1?

Nationalism, Imperialism militarism, & Alliance System

the collapse of the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires during World War 1 contributed directly to the

New nations in western Europe

What were the new weapons introduced in World War 1?

Poison gas, machine guns, airplanes, submarines, tanks.

What was the impact of Russia's participation in World War 1?

Providing pressure on Germany from the east.

(blank) believed that people should rely more upon emotion and instinct rather than reason and democracy

Rousseau