Psy 1010 Final

A massive review of 148 studies over several decades found that individuals with strong social relationships have a ________ greater likelihood of survival when compared to those with weak social relationships. a. 50% b. 10% c. 30% d. -25%

a. 50%

Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome? a. A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path. b. Sheila almost drowned, but she was able to keep her head out of the water and focus on swimming to shore. c. Bill collapses by the side of the road after the marathon. d. Maria considers a number of options that are likely to be effective when she gets alarming news about the results of a medical test.

a. A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path.

________ is possibly the most critical factor in determining the success of treatment in psychotherapy. a. A person's relationship with the therapist b. Whether the therapist is male or female c. A therapist's level of training and expertise d. The technique a therapist uses

a. A person's relationship with the therapist

Stimulants, such as Adderall, are used to treat ________. a. ADHD b. anxiety disorders c. Depression d. Bipolar disorder

a. ADHD

While ____________ is the ability to remember facts based off experience __________ is your information processing abilities. a. Crystallized Intelligence, Fluid Intelligence b. Fluid Intelligence, Crystallized Intelligence c. Processing speed, Retrieval d. Retrieval, Processing speed

a. Crystallized Intelligence, Fluid Intelligence

In Milgram's controversial study on obedience, nearly ________ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure. a. 1/2 b. 2/3 c. 3/4 d. 1/3

b. 2/3

Donna tells her therapist that she came home from work in a bad mood and kicked her dog. Her humanistic therapist does not judge her for this action, but rather asks Donna to discuss what she was feeling at that time. The therapist is using ________. a. therapeutic alliance b. unconditional positive regard c. empathy d. insight

b. unconditional positive regard

What do the concepts of representational bias, anchoring bias, and hindsight bias all have in common? a. All of the concepts are ultimately examples of confirmation bias. b. All of the concepts are examples of functional fixedness. c. All of the concepts are examples of mental set. d. All of the concepts are examples of problem-solving strategies.

c. All of the concepts are examples of mental set.

The ________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment. a. conformity b. Milgram c. Asch d. obedience

c. Asch

Thalia suffers from insomnia. She tries everything, and she finally develops the habit of counting backward when she wants to sleep. Thalia finds that she falls asleep much easier once she starts counting backward, so she continues to do so. ________ theory suggests that she continues this habit because it results in homeostasis. a. Activity b. Feedback c. Drive d. Motivational

c. Drive

According to the ________ theory of emotion, emotional experiences arise from physiological arousal. a. Schachter-Singer two-factor b. Cannon-Bard c. James-Lange d. Darwinian

c. James-Lange

The ________ Inkblot Test employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person's unconscious desires, fears, and struggles. a. Julian Rotter b. TAT c. Rorschach d. Minnesota

c. Rorschach

Which of the following statements about algorithms is false? a. Algorithms always produce the same correct answer. b. Algorithms are a problem-solving strategy. c. Working backwards is an example of an algorithm. d. Algorithms involve a step-by-step problem-solving formula.

c. Working backwards is an example of an algorithm.

Clifford falsely believes that the police have planted secret cameras in his home to monitor his every movement. Clifford's belief is an example of ________. a. a negative symptom b. a catatonic stupor c. a delusion d. a hallucination

c. a delusion

In order for the central route to persuasion to be effective, the audience must be ________ and ________. a. attentive; happy b. intelligent; unemotional c. analytical; motivated d. gullible; distracted

c. analytical; motivated

Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests? a. antisocial personality disorder b. conduct disorder c. autism spectrum disorder d. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

c. autism spectrum disorder

Jude is a man who is emotionally and sexually attracted to both men and women. Jude is ________. a. homosexual b. heterosexual c. bisexual d. transgender

c. bisexual

Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify? a. eclectic therapy b. psychodynamic psychotherapy c. cognitive therapy d. non-directive therapy

c. cognitive therapy

Rhona and Jerome share their thoughts and feelings openly with each other and are committed to support each other for a long time, but they do not feel physical attraction. Their love is called ________. a. fatuous b. consummate c. companionate d. romantic

c. companionate

Dissociative identity disorder mainly involves ________. a. depersonalization b. Schizophrenia c. different personalities d. unstable self-image, need for others' constant validation, rocky relationships, impulsivity, and even suicidal behavior

c. different personalities

Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-white person wants assistance. This is an example of ________. a. stereotype b. aggression c. discrimination d. prejudice

c. discrimination

If a psychologist wants to determine whether a person has a mental disorder, she will usually determine if the individual's behavior causes both ________. a. stigma and rejection b. distress and rejection c. distress and dysfunction d. stigma and dysfunction

c. distress and dysfunction

Participants in a study thought cartoons were funnier when holding a pen between their teeth (mimicking the facial action of a smile) compared to when holding a pen between their lips (similar to a frown). This study was testing the ________. a. two-factor theory of emotion b. nonverbal hypothesis c. facial feedback hypothesis d. universal theory of emotion

c. facial feedback hypothesis

Which of the following are examples of the social level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? a. self-actualization and esteem b. safety and security c. family and friendship d. confidence and accomplishment

c. family and friendship

What is modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus? a. group polarization b. obedience c. groupthink d. social facilitation

c. groupthink

Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation. a. willing b. extra c. intrinsic d. extrinsic

c. intrinsic

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a panic attack? a. increased heart rate b. sweating c. long lasting chest pain d. fear of going crazy

c. long lasting chest pain

Dan avoids applying to college because he doubts he can succeed. He is working a retail job, but he tends to focus on the things he does wrong. In fact, he has almost no confidence in his abilities, and when he experiences a setback at work he is ready to quit. Albert Bandura would say Dan has ________. a. malfunctioning cognitive processes b. low self-regulation c. low self-efficacy d. high self-efficacy

c. low self-efficacy

If a psychologist does little talking during his appointments and typically has his patients talk about their past, childhood, and free associations involving whatever else comes to mind at that moment, he probably uses the ________ therapy approach. a. humanistic b. behavioral c. psychodynamic d. cognitive-behavioral

c. psychodynamic

Mary didn't make the tennis team and decided that it was for the best because she didn't want to attend daily practices anyway. This is an example of which defense mechanism? a. denial b. projection c. rationalization d. reaction formation

c. rationalization

Social psychologists are more like to examine how external influences determine behavior. This is called ________; whereas personality psychologists are likely to promote the idea that internal factors such as personality and temperament determine behavior. This is called ________. a. confirmation bias; information avoidance b. dispositionism; situationalism c. situationism; dispositionism d. attribution; internal factor analysis

c. situationism; dispositionism

A(n) ________ is a set of group expectations for appropriate thoughts and behaviors of its members. a. script b. attribution c. social norm d. social role

c. social norm

Evan was annoyed because Erika tagged him in a picture he found embarrassing. He untagged himself so that others wouldn't see, but Erika tagged him again. Erika broke one of the ________ of Facebook. a. social roles b. just-world hypotheses c. social norms d. scripts

c. social norms

You feel sad because you are crying. This is an example of the ________ theory of emotion. a. Cannon-Bard b. Schachter-Singer c. Darwinian d. James-Lange

d. James-Lange

You feel your heart pounding and your breathing quickening while in a job interview and conclude you're anxious. Later, when another person insults you, your heart is pounding and your breathing is quickening, and you conclude you're angry. These two scenarios are consistent with which theory of emotion? a. Darwinian b. James Lange c. Cannon-Bard d. Schachter-Singer

d. Schachter-Singer

Antipsychotics, such as Haldol, are used to treat ________. a. Depression b. anxiety disorders c. Bipolar disorder d. Schizophrenia

d. Schizophrenia

All other things being equal, with whom are you most likely to develop a friendship or close relationship? a. Joan, who works in another office, but is at the same weekly staff meeting you attend. b. Jackson, who lives in a neighboring city and whom you see about once a week on the train to work. c. Freddy, a neighbor who you see at the monthly town hall meetings. d. Susan, who you see nearly everyday in the elevator at work.

d. Susan, who you see nearly everyday in the elevator at work.

Kim believed he failed his math class because the test was too hard, passed his psychology class because the professor passed every student in the class, and didn't get the internship because the manager didn't like him. Julian Rotter would say that Kim has ________. a. high self-efficacy b. low self-efficacy c. an internal locus of control d. an external locus of control

d. an external locus of control

In the famous Harry Potter books, one of the main characters is Voldemort. This individual kills at will, thinks only of his own needs, and manipulates people into doing his bidding. He even uses magic to destroy anyone who gets in his way and shows no remorse for doing so! If Voldemort were seeing a psychologist, which diagnosis would be the most appropriate? a. borderline personality disorder b. narcissistic personality disorder c. histrionic personality disorder d. antisocial personality disorder

d. antisocial personality disorder

Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy. a. cognitive b. rational emotive behavioral c. humanistic d. biomedical

d. biomedical

Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor. He also considers himself a smart person who makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________. a. perceptive deception b. self-serving bias c. projection d. cognitive dissonance

d. cognitive dissonance

There are three friends - Masako, Elida, and Renata - who notice that one of the boys in their class looks very sad one morning and is holding back tears. Each of the girls thinks the others will ask him what is wrong and be supportive and so none of them say a word. This failure to act because they thought others would is called ________. a. fundamental attribution error b. cost-benefit analysis c. bystander apathy d. diffusion of responsibility

d. diffusion of responsibility

Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________. a. obsessive-compulsive disorder b. free-floating anxiety disorder c. panic disorder d. generalized anxiety disorder

d. generalized anxiety disorder

Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion? a. anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year b. blocking the door so a friend cannot leave as you confront them about their addiction to smoking and their need to quit c. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use d. getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

d. getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

Jaimie doesn't have much time before her class, and she still needs to find a ride to the airport, print off her assignment, and text her manager about changing her shift. Her best strategy for solving these problems will be to use a. a mental set. b. trial-and-error. c. algorithms. d. heuristics.

d. heuristics.

The structural parts of the brain that are most responsible for sexual arousal are the ________. a. structures of the midbrain b. corpus callosum and VTA c. medulla and the hindbrain d. hypothalamus and limbic system

d. hypothalamus and limbic system

Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________. a. issues related to the environment and ecosystem b. issues related to whether the client is considered normal or deviant c. issues related to being a female therapist treating a male client d. issues related to race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

d. issues related to race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Jeff has an over-inflated and unjustified sense of self-importance and is preoccupied with fantasies of success. He believes he is entitled to special treatment from others and does not feel bad for taking advantage of others. Jeff exhibits a. borderline personality disorder. b. schizoid pesonrality disorder c. antisocial personality disorder. d. narcissistic personality disorder.

d. narcissistic personality disorder.

Suppose you hate reality shows, but you pretend to like them in order to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by your friends, who all love reality television. This is an example of ________ social influence. a. Sternberg's b. informational c. group d. normative

d. normative

Food, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs. a. emotional b. esteem c. acceptance d. physiological

d. physiological

After Mike does not get the job he interviewed for, he moves back in with his parents and spends his days playing video games. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify? a. sublimation b. displacement c. reaction formation d. regression

d. regression

Rihanna has difficulty spelling words correctly while writing and mixes up letters within words and sentences. Which learning disability does she have? a. dyslexia b. dysthymia c. dysgraphia d. an intellectual disability

a. dyslexia

Which of the following definitions regarding fluid and crystallized intelligence is accurate? a. Crystallized intelligence is the knowledge and skills gained through experience and education. b. You use fluid intelligence in your coursework all the time by demonstrating that you have mastered the information in the course. c. Crystallized intelligence is reasoning abilities, memory and speed of information processing. d. Fluid intelligence is the knowledge and skills gained through experience and education.

a. Crystallized intelligence is the knowledge and skills gained through experience and education.

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America? a. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders b. Determining Statistical Manifestation of Disorders c. Determinants of Social Mental Disorders d. International Classification of Diseases

a. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

All of the following are types of intelligence within Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences EXCEPT: a. Emotional b. Musical c. Linguistic d. Interpersonal

a. Emotional

Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy? a. It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem. b. Clients in group therapy don't need additional biomedical therapy. c. It's more expensive but because it involves a higher quality of care than individual therapy. d. In every case it is more effective than individual therapy.

a. It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem.

Which of the following is an example of the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome? a. Latricia has been lost in the woods for days. After such a long period of anxiety and fear, Latricia collapses by a tree. b. Betty steps down as class treasurer her senior year because she needs to focus on her grades. c. Burt is determined to learn how to play chess, so he spends all his time reading chess books. d. Maria has exhausted all possible options in thinking through what can be done when she gets alarming news about the results of a medical test.

a. Latricia has been lost in the woods for days. After such a long period of anxiety and fear, Latricia collapses by a tree.

Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy? a. Naomi believes she can successfully complete law school. b. Tony knows that Yancy frequently brags about his accomplishments. c. Joe is working on his degree but thinking about quitting. d. Stacia thinks that Tammy underestimates her abilities.

a. Naomi believes she can successfully complete law school.

Which of the following is a negative effect of extended cortisol release caused by chronic or prolonged stress? a. The immune system is weakened. b. The thyroid is damaged. c. The lungs are placed are under stress. d. Vision becomes blurry.

a. The immune system is weakened.

What is the Flynn effect? a. The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation. b. A measure of variability that describes the difference between a set of scores and their mean. c. The idea that standard intelligence tests are flawed when they are used to compare ethnic groups. d. Once a person knows his IQ, he stops trying to excel academically.

a. The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation.

Which of the following is an example of the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome? a. Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely. b. Diamond begs her mother for a puppy even after she is told she can't have one. c. Patrice can't stop talking even after her teacher asks her to remain silent. d. Maria believes she can still find an effective treatment option even though none that come to mind seem to be viable when she gets alarming news about the results of a medical test.

a. Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely.

Which question was central to the marshmallow test? a. Are children able to solve a logical problem involving marshmallows? b. Would you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger reward later? c. Do you think you could accomplish great things even when the fates are against you? d. Is your life more like a marshmallow or more like a rock?

a. Would you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger reward later?

Believing that women with blonde hair are dumb is an example of ________, while having a negative attitude toward someone purely because she is a woman with blonde hair is an example of ________. a. a stereotype; prejudice b. a stereotype; discrimination c. discrimination; a stereotype d. prejudice; discrimination

a. a stereotype; prejudice

Jessica believes that she succeeds in high school because she works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because she practices constantly, and cooks well because she takes cooking classes. Julian Rotter would say that Jessica has ________. a. an internal locus of control b. good self-regulation c. an external locus on control d. unconditional positive regard

a. an internal locus of control

Cedric tells a new acquaintance that he is "from Chicago" but when he learns that this man is also a Chicago native he corrects himself by listing the specific neighborhood in which he lives. This is called a. audience design. b. conversational coordination. c. priming. d. social networking

a. audience design.

Greg is 5 feet three inches tall and weighs 260 pounds. According to his ________, Greg is obese and at risk for health complications. a. body mass index b. scale c. metabolism d. set point

a. body mass index

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces? a. coping b. biofeedback c. distress d. eustress

a. coping

The likelihood of developing heart disease is correlated with high rates of ________. a. depression b. telomeres c. asthma d. lymphocytes

a. depression

The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events. a. diathesis-stress b. Venn c. biological d. supernatural

a. diathesis-stress

Oleksiy is an adjunct professor in the Department of Fine Arts. He applied for a full-time job recently, which he did not get. He tries to put this situation in a positive light, reminding himself that he will have more time to produce artwork if he is not working a full-time job. He also reminds himself that some of his friends from grad school can't find work related to art in any way. Which type of coping approach is Oleksiy using? a. emotion-focused b. problem-focused c. cognitive-emotional d. stress reduction

a. emotion-focused

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________? a. episodic b. persistent c. asymptomatic d. exhibiting a seasonal pattern

a. episodic

Children who live in poverty perform worse on intelligence tests because they________. a. experience more pervasive daily stress, which affects how the brain functions and develops, thus causing a dip in IQ scores. b. are exposed to a greater degree of diversity, which causes their brains to function differently, thus resulting in a type of intelligence that IQ tests do not measure. c. have less motivation without monetary incentives. d. are not encouraged to reach their potential.

a. experience more pervasive daily stress, which affects how the brain functions and develops, thus causing a dip in IQ scores.

Which of the following is a sign of borderline personality disorder? a. fear of abandonment or separation b. avoidance of social situations c. deceit, lack of remorse, and violence d. odd or erratic thought patterns

a. fear of abandonment or separation

Navigating your way home through an unfamiliar route due to road construction would draw upon your ________ intelligence. a. fluid b. naturalistic c. crystallized d. analytic

a. fluid

Taylor is a social worker. He is overworked, his caseload is overwhelming, and he no longer believes that what he does on a day-to-day basis has any real impact or improves anyone's life. Taylor is probably suffering from ________. a. job burnout b. posttraumatic stress disorder c. the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome d. social readjustment syndrome

a. job burnout

The satiety hormone, which lets you know you are no longer hungry, is called ________. a. leptin b. Klonopin c. estrogen d. ghrelin

a. leptin

What does the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) measure? a. life events requiring significant changes in a person's normal routines b. the time needed to counteract negative life change units c. the time needed to settle into a new social group after a move or transition d. the causal relationship between stress and illness

a. life events requiring significant changes in a person's normal routines

In the following sentence, identify the extrinsic motivation. Kit, who lives with her father, maintains a 3.5 grade average in order to keep her phone, visits her mother every weekend because she wants to, and joins the high school basketball team because she enjoys the sport. a. maintaining a 3.5 grade average b. living with her father c. joining the basketball team d. visiting her mother

a. maintaining a 3.5 grade average

Jack is a 19 year-old artist. About once per year, he has a period of several days where he feels on top of the world, like he can do anything. During these times, he needs very little sleep--he can feel energized after only 2 or 3 hours of sleep. He frantically paints during these times and feels exceptionally creative. People who know him tell him that he is not acting like his usual self, and they also notice that he is much more talkative than usual. He spends all his time painting and neglects his work. This is an example of a. mania. b. ADHD. c. substance use disorder. d. a mood swing.

a. mania.

Brian has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress: He immediately uses the Internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brian using? a. problem-focused b. stress reduction c. emotion-focused d. learned helplessness

a. problem-focused

Grimes conducts a ________ by requesting that his patient respond to ambiguous stimuli, thus revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires. a. projective test b. self-report inventory c. psychoanalysis d. personality inventory

a. projective test

Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of ________. a. social support b. eustress c. happiness d. coping

a. social support

A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ________. a. stressor b. animator c. distressor d. physiological response

a. stressor

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using? a. systematic desensitization b. aversion therapy c. free association d. flooding

a. systematic desensitization

Because Jackie has seen so many documentaries about shark attacks, she is afraid to swim in the ocean. Chris tries to convince her that she's overreacting because more people actually die from bee stings than shark attacks. Jackie's belief is an example of a. the availability heuristic. b. confirmation bias. c. functional fixedness. d. hindsight bias.

a. the availability heuristic.

Freud defined the ego as ________. a. the conscious mind which seeks to balance the id and superego b. the person we would be if we could act out all the id's desires c. the unconscious mind driven by the pleasure principle d. the part of the mind containing moral standards

a. the conscious mind which seeks to balance the id and superego

Parents of African American students filed a case against the state of California in 1979 because they believed the testing method used to identify students with learning disabilities________. a. was culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using white children. b. incorrectly classified them as intellectually gifted. c. disadvantaged their children by placing them in special education classes. d. did not identify enough African American children in need of special education.

a. was culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using white children.

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder? a. Gemma is inattentive in the classroom and often disrupts other students' learning. She can't sit still and has trouble controlling her impulses. b. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to. c. Gemma is quick to anger and is incapable of dealing with a situation in which she is not the center of attention. d. Gemma is submissive and physically clings to the people around her.

b. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

X'zavia was diagnosed with bipolar disorder five years ago. Her mother was also diagnosed with bipolar and X'zavia worries her kids might get the disorder as well. Why should she be concerned? a. X'zavia will likely develop other disorders. b. Studies show that mood disorders have a strong genetic and biological basis. c. Mood disorders are most likely passed on through the mother's genes to children. d. Mood disorders are frequently comorbid with dissociative disorders.

b. Studies show that mood disorders have a strong genetic and biological basis.

Which early researcher(s) observed sexual acts in order to measure physiological responses? a. Alfred Kinsey b. William Masters and Virginia Johnson c. Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers d. Albert Bandura

b. William Masters and Virginia Johnson

Mercy has maintained her body weight far below what is healthy through starvation and constant exercise. Mercy most likely suffers from ________. a. bulimia nervosa b. anorexia nervosa c. depression d. high metabolism

b. anorexia nervosa

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a psychologist to have him assessed for ________. a. Asperger's syndrome b. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder c. social anxiety disorder d. autism spectrum disorder

b. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Those with ________ are known to have relationships that are intense and unstable. They may exhibit inappropriate anger. They also have an unstable view of self and might suddenly display a shift in personal attitudes, interests, career plans, and choice of friends. a. antisocial personality disorder b. borderline personality disorder c. histrionic personality disorder d. paranoid personality disorder

b. borderline personality disorder

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify? a. free association b. cognitive-behavioral therapy c. classical conditioning d. mindfulness therapy

b. cognitive-behavioral therapy

________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar. a. egotism b. congruence c. unconditional positive regard d. incongruence

b. congruence

If Marshall has a high score in openness and a low score in neuroticism on the Big 5 personality test, he is likely to be a. outgoing and anxious. b. curious and calm. c. helpful and secure. d. cooperative and goal-driven

b. curious and calm.

You have a very fragile glass vase that you need to ship to your mother for Mother's Day but you have no packing materials. All you have is the popcorn that you are eating. You don't see that you can use the popcorn as packing material. This is best explained by ________. a. salience b. functional fixedness c. confirmation bias d. hindsight bias

b. functional fixedness

A man in a blue Audi speeds into a parking spot right in front of Lena. She is annoyed and thinks, "What a spoiled jerk that guy is." Her thinking best demonstrates the a. just-world hypothesis. b. fundamental attribution error. c. actor-observer bias. d. self-serving bias.

b. fundamental attribution error.

Which type of therapy is most cost-effective? a. play therapy b. group therapy c. humanistic therapy d. individual therapy

b. group therapy

Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive. a. ego b. id c. superego d. superid

b. id

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe? a. forced b. involuntary c. free association d. voluntary

b. involuntary

Words and expressions are known as ________, but the rules used to modify words to convey meaning are called ________. a. lexicon; syntax b. lexicon; grammar c. syntax; grammar d. grammar; lexicon

b. lexicon; grammar

Which of the following best illustrates a compulsion? a. persistent fear of germs b. mentally counting backwards from 1,000 c. thoughts of harming a neighbor d. the mental urge to rinse 37 times after brushing one's teeth

b. mentally counting backwards from 1,000

A person's ________ is the amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time. a. body mass index b. metabolic rate c. caloric intake d. set point

b. metabolic rate

Which therapeutic process involves the use of toys? a. free association b. play therapy c. ECT d. REBT

b. play therapy

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a(n) ________ disorder. a. antisocial personality b. post-traumatic stress c. specific phobia d. mood

b. post-traumatic stress

The ___________ includes four phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. a. leptin satiation cycle b. sexual response cycle c. digestive initiation cycle d. hormone release mechanism

b. sexual response cycle

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common? a. generalized anxiety and specific phobias b. fear of being around other people and being caught in embarrassing situations with no escape c. obsession with the suffering of others d. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

d. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Jacob's thoughts and perceptions are distorted, and he has a hard time performing normal day-to-day life activities in part due to his insistence that he has superpowers. He most likely has _______. a. bipolar disorder b. borderline personality disorder c. dissociative identity disorder d. schizophrenia

d. schizophrenia

Travis is part of a group playing tug-of-war. He knows that his team is stronger, so he doesn't try as hard as he could. Travis is engaged in ________. a. diffusion of responsibility b. groupthink c. conformity d. social loafing

d. social loafing