PSY 210 Chapter 3 & 4
Explain self-conscious emotions. What are the factors involved?
1.) Emerge in late toddlerhood 2.) Becoming self-aware 3.) Important is socialization
What are the important factors in relating to a child's temperament?
1.) Fit the environment to the child's temperament 2.) understand temperament is inborn
List some classic behaviors of a 2 year old
1.) wanting to dress and feed self 2.) temper tantrums 3.) embarrassment
Know the different perspectives on Attachment Theory
Ainsworth Stranger Exp.
Name all the forces involved with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Brain stem abnormality, face down sleep, abnormal neurontin breathing center
Yes or No? Can a child's temperament be completely altered by the environment?
No
In which nation are new moms under intense pressure to breast feed?
Norway
At what age do most US parents start teaching good manners and prosocial behaviors?
age 2
When does and infant's vision become similar to an adult?
age one
Define reflexes
automatic activities in body - suckling
What is the "clear cut attachment phase"?
clearly being distressed when attachment figure leaves
Define synaptogenesis
connections between dendrites
What is the correct order of language development
crying, cooing, blabbling, hollow phrases, telegraphic speech
What does infant directed speech promote?
early language learning
What did Piaget believe that language development signified?
end of sensory-motor period, symbolic thinking, new stage
How does the US provide for people in need?
food stamps/ EBT card
What is the best way to help a shy toddler become less anxious?
gently expose them
What did Chomsky believe about LAD?
humans are biologically programmed for language
Explain power assertion child rearing strategies
if a child is having trouble obeying rules they are a risk for power assertion child rearing strategies
When is neuroplasticity at its best?
infancy
What factors are involved in how negatively a child is impacted by poverty?
it can be seriously negative, unless the caregiver is positive, sensitive, and loving
What is object permanence
knowing an object is there when out of sight
What is LAD?
language acquisition device; genetic code to understand and use language
Name the correct sequence of motor milestones
lift head, pivot upper body, sit
Lots of touching and cuddling with babies can affect what?
long-term isolation from stress
Who and What type of service does the Head Start program service?
low income children aged 3-5
At what age is the myelin sheath fully formed in the brain?
mid 20s
What does the text state about babies and sleep?
more time in the REM. more than adults
What impact do spending long hours at daycare have on children?
negative impact
Which hormone is involved in attachment behaviors?
oxytocin
Explain Harlow's findings on comfort contact and motherless monkeys
physical contact or love is a basic human need
What do face perception studies suggest?
prewired to look at human faces
the functions of the Myelin Sheath
protection and speed
What is Kangaroo care?
skin to skin contact
Where in the world would you see the most stunted young children?
sub-Saharan Africa
What are tertiary circular reactions?
the little scientist phase
True or False - Young children and elderly in the US are most likely to live in poverty
true
True or False: Self-control develops gradually throughout childhood and adolescence.
true
True or False: Teaching manners are socialization training.
true
What did Bowlby state about having a primary attachment figure?
vital during entire life span
Define what normal proximity seeking behavior indicates
when people get upset they want their attachment figure close by
Explain Goodness of Fit
why is it a healthy socialization strategy?
Yes or No? Does temperament usually remain stable over time?
yes
Yes or No? Is shyness an inborn tendency?
yes
What is telegraphic speech?
"Me cookie"
What is the percentage of US families who have food insecurity?
1 in 5; 20%
What is the social interactionist perspective on language?
communication is a basis human need
Is a baby's temperament inborn?
yes
What factors constitute a good daycare facility?
1. Caregiving is sensitive and nurturing 2. Small caregiver/child ratio 3. Staff stability
