PSY CH 8

body fat

During puberty, ____ increases more rapidly for girls than boys.

True

Generally speaking, research has found that the moral decision-making processes of males and females are far more similar than they are different.

Instrumental

In stage two of Kohlberg's model, referred to as the _______________ orientation, an individual bases moral decisions on looking out for his or her needs.

False

Lawrence Kohlberg told his research participants a story that had a single morally correct answer, and studied whether they could determine that answer.

at risk for substance abuse

Mick is a boy who began puberty at 11 years old. Research on early maturation suggests that Mick is

False

Most deaths among adolescent males in the U.S. are due to natural causes.

True

Most high school students who are enrolled in physical education classes do not attend on a daily basis.

conventional

The stages of Kohlberg's theory called interpersonal norms and social system morality are found within the _______________ level of moral development

Because synaptic pruning and myelination are nearly complete by adolescence

Why is it that the brain of an adolescent becomes capable of processing information more efficiently than the brain of a child?

(Lawrence) Kohlberg

_______________ created the "Heinz dilemma" so that he could assess the moral decision-making processes of children, adolescents, and adults. Answer 9

Carol Gilligan

_______________ suggested that males and females consider morality differently, with boys focusing more on justice and girls focusing more on relationships.

care

According to Carol Gilligan, the ethic of _______________ leads females to put a priority on fulfilling obligations to other people and those obligations guide their moral decision-making.

logical

Adolescents are better at _______________ reasoning which makes them better skilled at finding weaknesses in arguments

False

Anorexia nervosa is diagnosed far more frequently in females than in males, equal numbers of males and females are diagnosed with bulimia nervosa.

True

Both working memory capacity and processing speed reach adult like levels during adolescence.

True

Children tend to rely on heuristics when solving problems, while adolescents tend to use more analytical methods.

children and adults; adolescents

Compared to ____, ____ are much more concerned about their overall appearance.

discussion

Research has found that _______________ is probably the best way for parents to encourage their children to develop more mature ways of reasoning about moral dilemmas.

having unrealistically high self-esteem

Research has found that girls who mature earlier than their peers are at risk for several problematic consequences. Which of the following is NOT one of those outcomes, as noted by your authors?

the girls may be taller and look more mature than the boys, since their pubertal growth spurt begins earlier.

Social interactions between 11- and 12-year-old boys and girls may be awkward because

True

Some critics of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of morality have suggested that he was overfocused on the moral decision-making of boys and did not attend enough to the development of morality in girls.

Far fewer overweight and obese adolescents in your grandparents' photos

Suppose you were to compare the photos from your senior year of high school to the photos from your grandparents' senior year of high school. What would you expect to see?

Postconventional

The _______________ level is Kohlberg's highest level of moral reasoning.

secondary

The development of breasts and widening of the pelvis in girls, and the growth of facial hair and the broadening of the shoulders in boys are all examples of _______________ sex characteristics.

Puberty

​____ refers to a collection of physical changes that marks the onset of adolescence, including changes height, weight and body composition, and transitions in sexual maturation.