PSY test 2

IQ of _130____.

. A 10-year-old boy with a mental age of 13 would have an

Her IQ is higher than 100.

. If Keira's mental age is higher than her chronological age, this means that:

Hindsight Bias_____ in this scenario.

. Joel and Zeus watch a soccer game between team A and team B on T.V. Team A wins the match and Zeus exclaims, "I knew team A would win this match!" According to the biases and heuristics in decision making, it can be concluded that Zeus is employing

Intersex Individual_____.

A congenital condition in which an individual has genitals that are not clearly male or female is called

Short-term_____ memory.

A person is most likely to store a seven-digit phone number in his or her

Longitudinal Study

A(n) _____ can find out not only whether age groups differ but also whether the same individuals change with respect to a particular characteristic as they age.

In the context of memory processes, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of encoding information?

A. Alex, a five-year-old boy, is reciting his alphabets. B. Deborah is watching a movie in the theater. ANSWER C. Daniel is writing an essay on the dinosaurs he learnt about last week. D. Mike is painting a picture of a woman he used to know.

According to self-determination theory, which of the following constitutes the three basic organismic needs of human beings?

A. Competence, thirst, and sex B. Hunger, security, and love C. Competence, autonomy, and relatedness ANSWER D. Hunger, esteem, and relatedness

Mindfulness

According to Ellen Langer, an individual's routine of engaging in meditation every morning is an example of

Satisfy his physiological needs.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, before a person can feel safe, he needs to:

Their physiological needs.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, the strongest human needs are:

the Sensorimotor

According to Piaget's cognitive development theory, _____ stage occurs during infancy.

Convergent Thinking

Adrian is solving mathematical equations in his classroom. Which of the following processes of thinking is he likely to be engaged in at present?

Motivation

After watching an episode of Dr. Alfred's TV show, Shane wonders why anyone would want their dirty laundry to be aired in front of 70 million viewers. Shane is most likely wondering about the _____ of Dr. Alfred's guests.

Which of the following scenarios indicates giftedness?

An IQ over 130

Which of the following best defines teratogen?

Any agent that causes structural abnormalities following fetal exposure during pregnancy.

Learning is defined as:

Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice and is different from maturation, which is genetically controlled.

7

As Mitch walks through the conference hall before his conference, he greets approximately 50 new people. Based on his short-term association with these people, Mitch will most likely remember the names of _____ individuals.

Explicit memory and Implicit memory

At the top level, long-term memory is divided into the substructures of

An IQ of 130 or higher

By definition, people who are gifted have

Which of the following is an accurate descriptor of an infant reflex?

Can be temporary or last a life time, genetically-wired, essential for survival, ANSWER all of these.

In which type of learning do organisms learn the association between two stimuli?

Classical Conditioning

Millie feels sick every time she travels by air. She associates flying with physical illness and, as a result, hates air travel. She also finds it difficult to watch movies with airplanes or read books about airplanes because they make her feel unwell. In this scenario, Millie is demonstrating learning through:

Classical Conditioning

Analytical, Creative, and Practical_____ intelligence.

Dhiraj excels at his work as a designer for the established fashion brand, "Vivacious." According to Sternberg's theory of intelligence, it can be concluded that Dhiraj has a high level of

Developmental

Dr. Mason's main research interest is the way a person grows and changes from its beginning to its inevitable end. It is most likely that Dr. Mason is a _____ psychologist

Developmentally delayed

Which of the following terms refers to a limited mental capacity that affects functioning in conceptual skills, social skills, and practical skills?

Procedural Memory

is an implicit memory process that involves memory for skills

Sexual Identity

is an individual's sense of belonging to the male or female sex.

Motivation

is the force that moves people to behave, think, and feel the way they do, resulting in behavior that is energized, directed, and sustained.

Sensory Memory

is the system of memory that holds information for time frames of a fraction of a second to several seconds.

Sex_____

refers to the properties of a person that determine his or her classification as male or female.

Gender

refers to the social and psychological aspects of being male or female

Iconic

Which element of sensory memory would be most useful to Stan, who is quickly scanning a map of the United States to learn where each state fits?

Unchanging, biologically inherited behavior pattern.

Which of the following best defines an instinct?

Inner Motivation

Which of the following is a trait of creative thinkers?

It is seriously affected by any interruption or interference.

Which of the following is true of long-term memory?

Authoritative

When Justin told his parents that he wanted to learn an extracurricular activity, his parent gave him the liberty to choose any activity of his choice. However, they restricted him from choosing dangerous sports like motor car racing. In this scenario, Justin's parents are following the _____ parenting style.

Psychological State

Drive pertains to a(n)_____, whereas need involves a physiological one.

Zygote

During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n):

Trial and Error

Eric, a rock musician, has recently launched his music album. All his songs in the new album are based on suggestions from his fans about the lyrics, genre, and so on. Which of the following processes of thinking did he engage in during the initial stage of his music album?

Homosexual_

Erica, a thirty-year-old woman, has been in a relationship with Cassandra, another woman, for over three years. Erica has always been sexually attracted to members of the same sex and has dated two other women in the past. Erica's sexual orientation can best be described as

Which of the following statements is true of teratogens?

Exposure to teratogens does more damage when it occurs at some points in development than at others.

Retrieval Memory

Felix, a record-holder in the area of memory skills, amazed the 150-member audience at his show when he accurately recalled all their names in correct alphabetical order. Which kind of memory has Felix demonstrated in this scenario?

Bisexual

Greta has had romantic relationships with both men and women in the past. Though she has a distinct sexual preference for men, Greta is still open to dating women. Which of the following statements best describes Greta's sexual orientation?

Authoritarian

Ian came home after curfew. Without asking for an explanation, his parents sent him to his room and informed him that he was grounded for a month. Which of the following types of parenting did Ian's parents demonstrate?

Unconditioned response_____.

In Pavlov's experiments on classical conditioning, the dog salivated each time the food was presented. The dog's response to the food was a(n)

Decreases bad behavior

In operant conditioning, a punishment is a consequence that

A caregiver

Infant attachment is defined as the close emotional bond between an infant and:

Which of the following is likely to be a teratogen?

Infections, chemicals, and drugs.

Classical Conditioning____.

Jack regularly feeds his neighbor's dog, Oscar. He announces his arrival by ringing his bicycle bell and feeds Oscar mouth-watering treats. As Jack has been doing this for two weeks, every time he hears Jack's bicycle bell, Oscar begins salivating with the expectation of being fed. In this scenario, Oscar learns the response to the bicycle bell through

Heterosexual

Janine is a twenty-eight-year-old woman. She has a strong sexual preference for members of the opposite sex and has had many short-term relationships with men in the past. She has never felt sexually interested in women. In the context of sexual orientation, Janine is most likely

Concepts

Lisa, a marketing manager, has suggested using crowdsourcing to come up with ideas for advertising. She has found a number of people who are ready to volunteer to answer a questionnaire and be a part of a focus group. Which of the following processes of thinking is being illustrated in this scenario?

Observational learning occurs

When a person observes and imitates behavior_____. This type of learning takes less time than operant conditioning.

The type of learning that occurs through observing and imitating another person's behavior is called

Observational learning

Ryan, a five-year-old boy, receives a pat on the back every time he says "please" or "thank you." This encourages Ryan to use good manners as often as possible. In this scenario, Ryan demonstrates learning through:

Operant Conditioning

Which of the following is true of learning through operant conditioning?

Organisms learn the association between behaviors and their consequences.

Cross-Sectional

Professor Yen is curious about how rapidly reading skills develop in children of ages five to ten. If he has only a limited period of time to research this question, which research design should he utilize?

Adolescence

Puberty marks the onset of

Psychologists who examine learning from a behavioral perspective define learning as

Relatively stable, observable changes in behavior

Sensory____ memory.

Short-term memory can store information for a longer period of time than

Intelligence

The concept of _____ is best defined as the ability to do well on cognitive tasks, to solve problems, and to learn from experience.

Drive

The feeling of hunger that initiates the act of opening a refrigerator for food best represents a(n):

Encoding

The first step in memory is

Transgender

The term _____ refers to experiencing one's psychological gender as being different from one's biological sex.

Which of the following developments occurs during the germinal period of prenatal development?

This stage occurs during the first 2 weeks of development or the 2nd-4th weeks of pregnancy. The union of the sperm cell and egg cell forms a single cell called a zygote. The zygote moves along the fallopian tube toward the uterus.

Reflex

Tina's eyes water every time she chops onions. Her response is an example of a

Convergent

thinking is best when a problem has only one right answer.

Ivan Pavlov

was the Russian physiologist who demonstrated that neutral aspects of the environment can attain the capacity to evoke responses through pairing with other stimuli and that bodily processes can be influenced by environmental cues.