PSY100, Mod 19: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning, Study questions

A scientist conditions a dog to salivate in response to the sound of a high-pitched tone. The researcher then presents a low-pitched tone. The dog fails to salivate. The dog is demonstrating:

Discrimination

When Laney passes Avenue D, her heart pounds and her stomach tightens. Laney often bought Crack Cocaine on that street before she became clean. Within the framework of classical conditioning the site of Avenue D is a(n) ____ stimulus, whereas her body's reaction is a(n) _____.

Conditioned; conditional response

Lightning is associated with thunder and always precedes in. Thus, when one sees lighting, one often anticipates hearing thunder soon after. This is an example of:

Classical Conditioning

When Juan was a child, he was attacked by a swarm of hornets in his backyard. Now, everytime he hears the sound of hornets, he immediately becomes frightened. This is an example of:

Classical conditioning

While 5-year-old Martha was looking at one of the balloons her mother set out for her birthday, Martha's brother Timmy took a pin and popped the balloon, causing her to flinch and blink quickly. Later, during the party, Martha's mother approached her with a balloon and she blinked and flinched. This is an example of:

Classical conditioning

Because we are human, Language allows us to learn things we have neither experienced nor observed. This type of learning is called:

Cognitive learning

In Pavlov's experiment with dogs, Salivation in response to the tone after associating the tone with food is called a(n):

Conditioned response

Jill is learning to play tennis. For her first lesson, her instructor models serving amd backhand returns while Jill patiently watches. Jill then tries to imitate the sequence of swings and motions made by her instructor. Which concept BEST describes how Jill is learning to play tennis.

Observational learning

Tamika's cat learned to press a lever so more food would be poured into her food bowl. Tamika's roommate's kitten watched the older cat perform this behavior and within a month the kitten was performing this behavior. This is an example of:

Observational learning

Dan wanted to train his dog, Rocket, to come to him when called. Every time Dan called Rocket and he came, Dan would give him a treat and pet him. Soon Rocket would come every time he was called. Which type of learning is Dan using?

Operant conditioning

Macy gave her dog a treat each time she came to macy when she called her by name. Soon, The dog came every time Macy called the dog by name. This is an example of:

Operant conditioning

Ruben is reading the description of some of the psychology courses in his college's course catalog. The description of one of the courses reads in part, "an introduction to the process whereby new and enduring behavior and information is acquired through experience." This course is MOST likely called:

The psychology of learning

Watson and Ryan taught little Albert to fear white rats by:

Repeatedly pairing a loud noise with the presentation of a white rat

Which individual was NOT an early theorist in associative learning? Sigmund Freud, Aristotle, David Hume, John Locke

Sigmund Freud

Learing refers to:

The acquisition of new and enduring behaviors or information through experience

Five-year-old Arianna is frightened by the noise thunder makes. Arriana associates lightning with thunder because lightning always precedes thunder. Thus, when Arianna sees lightning, she cries in anticipation that she will hear thunder soon afterward. This is an example of ____ conditioning.

classical

Six-year-old Davey developed a fear of going down steps after falling down the steps in his house several times. When he was at his grandmother's house he demonstrated no fear of climbing the steps to her front door. Unlike little Albert's fear of white rats and other furry objects, Davey was demonstrating:

discrimination

In classical conditioning, the ____ response is the unlearning, naturally occurring reaction to the unconditioned stimulus, such as salivation when food is in the mouth.

unconditioned