PSYC-101 Quiz 2

preoperational stage

According to Piaget, the ______ is the second stage of cognitive development in children.

attachment

According to ethologist Konrad Lopez, ____ only occurs during a critical period of development.

sex organs start to differentiate

During the embryonic stage of prenatal development, the ______.

all-or-none principle

Every time a neuron fires, it transmits an impulse of the same strength. This occurrence is known as the _______.

withdrawal reflex

Newborns use the _____ to avoid painful stimuli.

prefrontal cortex

Some researchers consider the _____ to be the "executive center" of the brain, where decisions are made to keep information in working memory and to solve problems.

preconventional

Stephanie decided not to cheat on the exam because she was afraid of the consequences. This is characteristic of which stage of moral reasoning?

False

True or False: Acetylcholine is excitatory at the heart but inhibitory at synapses between nerves and muscles that involve voluntary movement.

False

True or False: Ainsworth and her colleagues identified three major types of attachment: secure attachment, avoidant attachment, and ambiguous/resistant attachment.

True

True or False: By the end of the first trimester of fetal development during pregnancy, formation of all the major organ systems is complete.

False

True or False: Girls can become pregnant immediately after menarche.

False

True or False: Neurons carry massages from the axon terminals through the axons to the dendrites.

True

True or False: Newborn children do not know that it is necessary to eat to survive. They turn their head toward stimuli that prod or poke the cheek, chin, or corner of the mouth. This is termed rooting.

True

True or False: People are at the highest of their cognitive powers during early adulthood.

False

True or False: Prior to six months of age, infants realize that objects removed from sight still exist and try to find them. They show object permanence, which makes it possible to play peekaboo.

True

True or False: Psychologists are thinking in terms of behavioral genetics when they ask about the inborn reasons why individuals may differ in their behavior and mental processes.

True

True or False: Sacs called synaptic vesicles in the axon terminals contain neurotransmitters.

True

True or False: The beginning of menstruation, or menarche, usually occurs between 11 and 14.

synaptic cleft

When a neural impulse reaches the axon terminal of a neuron, the vessels realese varrious amounts of neurotransmitters into the _________.

Both are ages of feeling in-between.

Which of the following is a similarity between adolescence and emerging adulthood?

Sense of smell declines

Which of the following is not a characteristic of middle adulthood?

It stimulates the growth of tissue in the hips

Which of the following is true of estrogen production in females?

A refractory period.

Which of the following refers to a time when a neuron does not allow sodium to pass through the neural membrane and as a result, is insensitive to messages from other neurons and does not fire?

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Which of the following techniques relies on subtle shifts in blood flow to create a brain scan?

Epinephrin

______ intensifies most emotions and is central to the experience of fear and anxiety.