PSYC 2314 Final

During the elementary school years, children grow an average of __________ inches a year.

2 to 3

People remember very little about what happened in their lives before about age:

2 years to 3 years old.

What percentage of adults over 65 years of age are married?

56-58%

Baby Dewayne moves his trunk and arms, but he is unable to control his hands and fingers. This is an example of the pattern of development

@proximodistal

Our relationships with others, changes in emotions, and changes in personality are all examples of processes.

@socioemotional

An interrelated, coherent set of ideas that helps us to explain phenomena and make predictions is known as a(n):

@theory.

Of the following infants, who is MOST at risk for SIDS?

Aimee; her mother smokes

Which of the following statements regarding body growth and proportion in the elementary school years is true?

Boys are usually stronger than girls.

__________ is a learning disability whereby individuals have a severe impairment in their ability to read and spell.

Dyslexia

Which of the following is an example of Erikson's view of integrity?

Emily, age 72, thinks she made a valuable contribution to numerous lives during her career as a nurse.

__________ is an enduring, basic aspect of self that includes a sense of membership in a cultural group and the attitudes and feelings related to that membership.

Ethnic identity

__________ involves looking at one's experiences, evaluating them, interpreting them, and sometimes reinterpreting them.

Life review

Which of the following statements regarding life review is true?

Life review may cause individuals to reevaluate previous experiences and their meaning.

Diane notices that sudden stimulation causes her 2-month-old to arch his back, throw back his head, fling out his arms and legs, and then rapidly close them to the center of his body. Diane's baby is exhibiting the reflex.

Moro

Which of the following statements regarding motor development in middle and late childhood is true?

Motor development becomes much smoother and more coordinated.

__________, involving discussion of past activities and experiences with another individual or group, may improve the mood of older adults.

Reminiscence therapy

Who proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence that divides intelligence into analytical, creative, and practical components?

Robert Sternberg

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship among biological development, cognitive development, and social development?

The three are intertwined processes throughout the life span.

Mason is highly motivated and strives to be the best at everything he does; his goal is to be valedictorian of his graduating class. What aspect of identity does this describe?

achievement identity

Prejudice/discrimination against older adults is called:

ageism.

Eight-year-old Joshua is obese. His excess weight puts him at risk for all of the following, EXCEPT:

anemia.

All of the following are risk factors for SIDS, EXCEPT:

being male

There has been quite a bit of controversy regarding the differential effects of breast-feeding and bottle-feeding. Recent research indicates

breast-feeding is better for the baby's health.

Currently, researchers are considering all of the following as possible causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), EXCEPT:

child abuse.

Every time Margarita's mother leaves to go to work, Margarita waves to her. Margarita has begun to:

communicate through gestures.

Piaget characterized the thought of those in middle and late childhood as:

concrete operational

Jerome weighed in at 12 pounds when he was born. Compared to other newborns (in the United States), he is:

considerably heavier than most babies.

At birth, infants communicate through:

crying

Conflict with parents most often escalates during:

early adolescence.

Travis spends a great deal of time working and trying to establish his career. He also has been thinking about how his personal relationship is going and considering whether it could be long-term and lead to establishing a family. Travis is most likely in:

early adulthood.

Delinquency rates are higher among all the following groups except:

females.

Continuity is to as discontinuity is to

gradual: abrupt.

Chaim was born in the United States, but his parents are both originally from Israel. Though his parents are very adamant about staying close to their roots and retaining their Israeli identity, Chaim feels a pull toward both Israeli and American ideals. Chaim might be best described as:

having a bicultural identity.

Fifteen-year-old Carlos feels sad and disappointed that he was dumped by his girlfriend. Who is he likely to turn to for reassurance?

his best friend

Martin believes that the length of a person's foot is directly correlated with his or her intelligence level. To test his follow the steps of the scientific method.

hypothesis

Erikson's psychosocial stage of development for adolescents is called:

identity versus identity confusion.

In older adults, social support and integration are related to:

improved physical and mental health, as well as greater longevity.

In an experiment, the researcher manipulates the variable and measures its effects on the variable.

independent; dependent

In Erik Erikson's theory, __________ describes the period of development for humans in late adulthood.

integrity versus despair

Mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100 yields a(n):

intelligence quotient.

George thinks he has a good life. He just graduated from college, has many close friends, and is engaged to be married. According to Erik Erikson's theory, George would be developing a sense of:

intimacy.

The individualized education plan (IEP):

is a written statement describing a program for a student with a disability.

The developmental period that runs from approximately 40 years of age to about 60 years of age is:

middle adulthood.

A researcher is interested in the effect of exercise on stamina in elderly patients. The patients are randomly assigned to be in a high exercise or low-exercise training program for 8 weeks. At the end of the program, their stamina is measured by seeing how long they can walk comfortably on a treadmill. In this study, the dependent variable is:

number of minutes spent comfortably on the treadmill.

Dr. Borthwick-Duffy believes people are primarily influenced by the environment and learned experiences, so she believes plays a more powerful role in human development.

nurture

Heather crawls from her room into the hallway to look for her mother after she leaves. According to Jean Piaget, this shows that she is capable of:

object permanence

Jaqui is trying to decide if she is a liberal, a conservative, or somewhere in between. She is wrestling with determining her ________ identity.

political

The theory that was created by Erik Erikson is known as the theory of development.

psychosocial

Professor Offord wants to assign subjects to experimental groups in such a way that each subject has an equal chance of being in any group. The best way to assign subjects is:

randomly.

A person's spiritual beliefs are part of her/his __________ identity.

religious

One of the main points of Erikson's theory is that:

resolution of conflicts from earlier life stages can provide a foundation for many facets of integrity and wisdom in old age.

In which stage of Piagetian development do infants learn about their environment by coordinating their sensory experiences with their motor activity?

sensorimotor

The __________ theory of social development in late adulthood suggests that older adults become more discriminating about their social networks.

socioemotional selectivity

The acronym "SIDS" stands for:

sudden infant death syndrome

The difference between a clique and a crowd is:

the size of the group.

The first stage in Erikson's theory is:

trust versus mistrust