psych 160

The timing and quantity of exposure to a teratogen is crucial. The brain is most susceptible to structural damage ____________ days following conception.

15 to 25

The timing and quantity of exposure to a teratogen is crucial. The heart is most vulnerable to structural damage ______________days following conception.

20 to 40

In Freud's theory of development, Superego begins to develop at ages ________________.

5 or 6

According to Piaget, the concept, ___________________________, refers to changes in one's existing way of thinking.

accommodation

Prolonged heavy use of the teratogen, _______________________, during pregnancy has been linked to intellectual retardation.

alcohol

Prolonged heavy use of the teratogen, _______________________, during pregnancy has been linked to aggressive behavior in early and middle childhood.

amphetamines

Internalization through repetition is associated with Piaget's view of the ___________________________ of knowledge.

application

Scaffolding and instructor modeling are associated with Vygotsky's view of the ________________________ of knowledge.

application

The cognitive actions, "use, solve, and construct", are associated with which "level" of Bloom's Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain.

application

According to Piaget, the concept, ____________________________, refers to the process in which people understand new experiences.

assimilation

Within the Operant Conditioning Model, "unpleasant, disliked, not a preferred condition", applies to which of the following terms.

aversive

Within the behavioral perspective, "a formal technique for promoting the frequency of desirable behaviors" is _____________________________________.

behavior modiication

Prolonged heavy use of the teratogen, _______________________, during pregnancy has been linked to spontaneous abortion.

caffeine

Within the behavioral perspective, "learning in which a person, who was bitten by a large, aggressive dog, responds to all dogs of all sizes with intense anxiety" is _______________________________________.

classical conditioning

Prolonged heavy use of the teratogen, _______________________, during pregnancy has been linked to learning difficulties.

cocaine

The cognitive actions, "paraphrase, explain, and categorize", are associated with which "level" of Bloom's Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain.

comprehension

The concepts, normative age-graded influences, normative history-graded influences, and non-normative life events are associated with the ____________________________________characteristic of the Life Span Perspective.

contextual

The Freudian defense mechanism, __________________________, is defined as: Ego lets an anxious person refuse to admit that something unpleasant is happening.

denial

The Freudian defense mechanism, __________________________, is defined as: Ego shifts an unacceptable impulse toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person.

displacement

In Freud's theory of development, "the part of personality that is rational and reasonable" defines the concept,___________________.

ego

When applying the Operant Conditioning Model, "imposing a condition for the purpose of increasing the frequency of a specific behavior", is an example of which behavioral intervention.

positive reinforcement

The Freudian defense mechanism, __________________________, is defined as: Ego disguises threatening feelings, guilt, or anxiety by attributing the problem to someone else.

projection

Within the Operant Conditioning Model, "decreasing the frequency of a specific behavior", applies to which of the following terms.

punishment

The Freudian defense mechanism, __________________________, is defined as: Ego displaces real, anxiety-provoking explanations with more comforting justifications for ones actions.

rationalization

The Freudian defense mechanism, __________________________, is defined as: Ego allows an anxious person to retreat to a more comfortable stage of life.

regression

Within the Operant Conditioning Model, "increasing the frequency of a specific behavior", applies to which of the following terms.

reinforcement

The Freudian defense mechanism, __________________________, is defined as: Ego banishes anxiety-provoking thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.

repression

Communitive, egocentric, and inner speech are associated with Vygotsky's view of the __________________ of knowledge.

self-regulation

Equilibration, the outcome of assimilation and accommodation, is associated with Piaget's view of the ___________________________ of knowledge.

self-regulation

Within the behavioral perspective, "learning by observing the behavior of another person, called model" is __________________________________.

social-cognitive learning

In Freud's theory of development, "the part of personality that functions as ones conscience" defines the concept, ___________________.

superego

The cognitive actions, "modify, create, and design", are associated with which "level" of Bloom's Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain.

synthesis

Within the Operant Conditioning Model, "pleasurable, liked, or a preferred condition", applies to which of the following terms.

valued

___________________ views cognitive development as a sociocultural process with a major emphasis on language development.

vygotsky

Within the Operant Conditioning Model, "adding, imposing, or introducing some condition to the experience of others", applies to which of the following terms.

positive

Prolonged heavy use of the teratogen, _______________________, during pregnancy has been linked to low birth weight.

marijuana

"Easily learning new languages early in life but only with difficulty later in life" exemplifies the _____________________________characteristic of the Life Span Perspective.

multi-directional

Psychomotor and cognitive schemata are associated with Piaget's view of the ______________________ of knowledge.

nature

Spontaneous and scientific concepts are associated with Vygotsky's view of the ______________________ of knowledge.

nature

Within the Operant Conditioning Model, "eliminating some condition from the experience of others", applies to which of the following terms.

negative

When applying the Operant Conditioning Model, "removing a condition for the purpose of decreasing a specific behavior", is an example of which behavioral intervention.

negative punishment

When applying the Operant Conditioning Model, "removing a condition for the purpose of increasing the frequency of a specific behavior", is an example of which behavioral intervention.

negative reinforcement

Prolonged heavy use of the teratogen, ______________________, has been linked to premature birth.

nicotine

Prenatal death (miscarriage) from exposure to teratogens is most likely to occur during the _________________________state of development.

ovum

____________________ views cognitive development as a cognitive process with a minor emphasis on language development.

piaget

Noting that cognitive skills such as reasoning ability and spatial relations an increase, deteriorate, and be recovered during late adulthood exemplifies the __________________________________characteristic of the Life Span Perspective.

plasticity

Constructivism by assimilation and accommodation is associated with Piaget's view of the _____________________________ of knowledge.

growth

Use of symbols and social interaction are associated with Vygotsky's view of the __________________ of knowledge.

growth

In Freud's theory of development, "primitive drives related to hunger, sex, aggression, and irrational impulses: defines the concept, _____________________________.

id

The cognitive actions, "name, state, and define", are associated with which "level" of Bloom's Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain.

knowledge