Psych 6-The Final Chapter

Brandon does not believe he has any racial bias. However, he became anxious when told he was randomly assigned to room with a man from Costa Rica for his first year in college. He plans to spend as little time as possible in his room because of this reason. Brandon is probably experiencing which of the following?

Aversive racism

What are the hostile feelings, conscious beliefs, and behaviors that people state out loud?

Blatant biases

What is an example of the positive feelings type of happiness?

Enjoying life

Waiting in line at the grocery store until it is your turn to pay for your items, is an example of what type of schema?

Event schema

What is the definition of stressors?

Events or experiences that induce psychological and/or physiological stress

Of all the possible stress reduction techniques which of the following has the most health benefits?

Exercise

Calvin is interested in measuring his school's willingness to do volunteer work around the community. He sends out a self-report survey that asks students to directly fill out their _________ attitudes on the topic.

Explicit

What can be used to measure an attitude when one might not want to admit it explicitly?

Implicit association test

If a researcher is studying how people react to a command of an authority figure, then he/she are most likely studying what?

Obedience

An implicit association test is designed to:

assess automatic preferences for certain groups

What is the heuristic in which the frequency or likelihood of an event is evaluated based on how easily instances of it come to mind?

Availability heuristic

Much of what we do, as individuals in society, is a reflection of:

those we encounter

The durability bias occurs when a person overestimates how long their feelings might last. This bias is a type of:

Affective forecasting

Which processing route focus on logic and relevant material?

Central

What is it called for the tendency of individuals to nonconsciously mimic the postures, mannerisms, facial expressions, and other behaviors of one's interaction partners?

Chameleon effect

What is it when behaviors provide an advantage or disadvantage to people based on group membership?

Discrimination

The stereotype content model suggests that when we interact with homeless people we feel what type of emotional prejudice?

Disgust

Jolene asked her parents for 2,000 dollars, which she knew they wouldn't agree to give her. Then, she asked for 200 dollars instead, which they happily gave. This is an example of:

Door in the face.

Asking someone, on a scale of 1 to 10, "How sexist do you consider yourself?" Would be considered measuring the individual's ___________.

Explicit attitude

Stanley Milgram's studies on obedience and more recent replications have shown that:

Female participants obediently shocked the experimental victim at a rate similar to males in the Milgram and other studies which was approximately 65% of participants.

Milgram's obedience study demonstrated what factor in participants willing to shock others to an extreme level?

Following orders from an authority figure

What are the corners of the Triad of Trustworthiness?

Honesty, likability, and authority.

Someone who commonly receives bad grades, but believes that they are a good student can fall into the trap of what type of bias?

Hot cognition

You can use a _______ procedure to draw someone's attention to how they have been persuaded. Studies have shown that this process makes people more likely to recognize manipulativeness of deceptive ads and to be less likely to be persuaded by these ads.

Inoculation

What are some factors that increase social integration?

Large support network and many social roles in a community

Which of the following components are measured by psychologists interested in subjective well-being?

Life satisfaction, positive feelings and negative feelings

If you are in a good mood and think back to many good memories, then you might state that your life is "good." This process can be attributed to what?

Mood-congruent memory

The line study conducted by Asch is a prime example of what process?

Normative influence

Which processing route relies on heuristics?

Peripheral

What is the process by which a message induces change in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors?

Persuasion

When preparing to write a paper for a class you decide that it should only take three hours, but in reality it takes twice as long. This is an example of:

Planning fallacy

Which of the following best describes the possible relation between positive affect and disease?

Positive feelings can boost the immune system and improve health behaviors.

What is the area of social psychology that focuses on how people think about others and about the social world?

Social cognition

Which technique of persuasion uses a satisfied customer expressing how a particular product "changed their life!"?

Testimonials

Which is a possible outcome when individuals' implicit and explicit attitudes do not match?

They are unaware they hold an actual bias, such as a bias towards an ethnic minority

What is the most effective way to protect from being persuaded?

To accept just how vulnerable we are

What factors increase your susceptibility to social proof?

Uncertainty and similarity

What standards do researchers measure life satisfaction by?

Whatever standards the individual participant thinks are most important for a good life

What is one of the implications of the Triad of Trustworthiness?

Without carefully considering the facts, people will believe someone high on the three factors

Listening to your friend's advice for the best place to get ice cream over an ad that states the same place as the best ice cream shop in town is based on what technique?

Word of mouth

Research on social pressure and conformity suggests which of the following factors can help individuals resist conformity in a group? a. being from a collectivist society with the desire to prove one's competence b. observing just one person disagreeing with the majority c. being observed by other members, which increases individual accuracy d. a very large group size, which decreases pressure on individuals

b

Prejudices, stereotypes, and discrimination:

can occur independently but are related

Which factor decreased the rates of obedience in studies conducted by Milgram? a. Seeing other participants refusing to press the shock levers b. When the instructions to continue came from another participant c. When the person being shocked was in the same room as the participant d. All of the above

d

Researchers have found that when participants are exposed to a cold virus the participants with a lower risk of developing a cold were ________________________.

less stressed and more positive at the beginning of the study

People are usually ___________ in their accuracy of their perceptions.

overconfident

Examples of internal or top-down causes of subjective well-being include:

personality, outlook, and resilience

Albert has a large project due to his boss by the end of the week. Although it's stressful, Albert makes a step-by-step to-do list to ensure he can accomplish the project on time. Albert is displaying what type of coping?

problem-focused coping

When a bartender offers you a free taste, you feel obligated to purchase the drink. This is an example of:

reciprocity

An example of a group being high on competence and low on warmth would be:

rich people

When someone holds mixed feelings about a group of people is best understood by ___________.

the Stereotype Content Model

The stereotype content model suggests that we judge social groups on which two features?

warmth and competence