Psych 7A Chapter 14

Researchers recently estimated that approximately ___ percent of adult Americans had suffered a clinically significant psychological disorder during the prior year

26

In which of the following disorders is a person continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic arousal?

Generalized anxiety disorder

The surging rates of violent crime in Western nations during the past 40 years or so are best understood in terms of

a biospychosocial approach

Several weeks after being fired from a job he had held for more than 20 years, Landon awoke one morning in a state of bewildered confusion. He had little sense of who he was and even failed to recognize his wife. Landon's experience is most indicative of

a dissociative disorder

Phobias are most likely to be characterized by

a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation

A lack of conscience is most characteristic of those who experience ____ disorder

antisocial personality

A post-traumatic stress disorder is considered to be a(n) ____ disorder

anxiety

Matt is restless and often jumps out of his seat or interferes with ongoing class activities in response to the sound of outside traffic. Matt most clearly exhibits symptoms of

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

It is most helpful to use the _____ for explaining why certain psychological disorders occur only in particular cultures

biopsychosocial approach

Mania is most likely to be experienced by those suffering

bipolar disorder

Learned helplessness is most closely associated with

depression

The number one reason people seek mental health services is

depression

In a study by David Rosenhan, researchers were admitted as patients into various mental hospitals after they falsely claimed to be "hearing voices". This study best illustrated the negative effects of

diagnostic labels

Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by

disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity

Ongoing patterns of behavior that interfere with normal day to day life are best characterized as

dysfunctioal

The hallucinations experienced by those who suffer from schizophrenia are most likely to involve ____ things that are not there

hearing

A psychotherapist is most likely to use the SM-IV-TR in order to ____ various psychological disorders

identify

Personality disorders are best described as

inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

In terms of neurotransmitter levels, depression is associated with

low norepinephrine levels and low serotonin levels

The conception of psychological disorders as biologically based sicknesses is known as the

medical model

Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes are called

mood disorders

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and actions is called

obsessive compulsive disorder

Of all the twins who share identical genes with a schizophrenia victim, about ___ do not themselves develop schizophrenia

one half

Anxiety is considered disordered if it is

persistent and distressing

Psychiatrists and psychologists are most likely to consider socially unusual behavior as disordered if it is

personally distressing

Cancer survivors who develop a fresh delight in their children and savor the joy of each new day best illustrate

post traumatic growth

The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops

rapidly in response to a stressful life situation

Compulsions are best described as

repetitive behaviors

Which group of severe disorders is characterized by disorganized thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions?

schizophrenia

If individuals expect someone labeled as mentally ill to be hostile, they may act in unfriendly ways that provoke that person to respond with hostility. This illustrates the dangers of

self-fulfilling prophecies

Manuel is extremely shy and is so easily embarrassed when he is with other people that he often misses his college classes just to avoid social interactions. Manuel appears to suffer from

social phobia

A rape victim may experience a panic attack when she sees anyone wearing a coat that resembles the one worn by her attacker. This reaction best illustrates the process of

stimulus generalization

The vicious cycle of depression is often initiated by

stressful life experiences

To call psychological disorders "sicknesses" is especially likely to encourage research supporting

the medical model