psych chapter 4

People often report that they have not been asleep if they are awoken during stage ________ sleep.

1

In what stage of sleep do sleep spindles appear?

2

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when ________.

An individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep.

What occurs during stage 1 sleep?

Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down.

What can you do to realign your biological clock with the external world when you work a rotating shift?

Expose yourself to bright light while working.

After David falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. Which parasomnia does David have?

Night Terrors

Matt is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Matt is probably experiencing ________ sleep.

REM

Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A psychologist would say they have different ________.

chronotypes

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world.

circadian

The sleep cycle is an example of a(n) ________ rhythm.

circadian

Melatonin release is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________.

darkness; light

Sleep apnea is defined by ________.

episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops

How many of the five stages of sleep are considered NREM sleep?

four

Mona lives in North Carolina. She takes an overnight flight to California to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________.

jet lag

Which of the following is a symptom of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)?

kicking and punching while asleep

Carol was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Carol may have ________.

narcolepsy

Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________.

narcolepsy

NREM sleep is a period of sleep ________.

outside periods of REM sleep

________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role.

parasomnia

Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of________.

parasomnias

Uncomfortable sensations in the leg during periods of inactivity are a symptom of ________ leg syndrome.

restless

Reggie is a 9-1-1 operator. When the blizzard began, he was told he would have to stay and work three extra shifts to cover for coworkers who were not able to drive to work through the storm. After 32 hours of exhausting work, he makes it home and discovers he is unable to fall asleep no matter how hard he tries. Reggie may be experiencing ________.

sleep rebound

Sleepwalking is also referred to as ________.

somnambulism

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________.

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

Consciousness describes our awareness of internal and external stimuli.

true

Examples of awareness of external stimuli include seeing the light from the sun, feeling the warmth of a room, and hearing the voice of a friend.

true

The ________ wave is characteristic of stage 1 sleep.

alpha

Shyla experiences a long delay between the time that she goes to bed and the time that she actually falls asleep. In addition, she wakes up several times during the night and has difficulty getting back to sleep. To diagnose Shyla with insomnia, it is necessary that she experiences these symptoms________.

at least three nights a week for one month

Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) ________ rhythm.

biological